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[Display omitted] • Highly controllable synthesis is proposed for nanoZIF-67@hyper-porous graphene. • Carbothermal optimization yielded nano Co/CoO x in N-doped hyper-porous carbon. • Rationally designed Co/CoO x –N–C ensured high-bifunctional ORR-OER performance. • Zn-air cell showed high power (175 mW cm−2), efficiency (63 %) and durability. Rechargeable zinc-air batteries are underpinned by high-performance and durable bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts. Among the platinum-group metals (PGMs)-free catalysts, the redox-active cobalt-nitrogen-carbon (Co/CoO x –N–C) based materials are promising, however require further structural improvements. This work utilises extremely porous graphene networks (EGO) of hierarchical porosity to in-situ grow ZIF-67 nanocrystals extensively and homogeneously within the porous structure. A simple carbonization of nanoZIF-67@EGO not only generates finely dispersed redox capable Co/CoO x –N–C active sites with the help of residual oxygen functional groups of EGO, but also produces 2-3 dimensional hierarchical porous and conducting structure, readily facilitating high electrochemical surface area. This characteristic structure synergistically contributes to rapid charge and mass transfer rates along with high activity and stability for both ORR and OER. Here, it is worth mentioning that to produce equivalent catalyst material involving different graphitic or template supports requires prolonged and multi-step synthesis routes. The optimized catalyst delivers low potential difference of 0.86 V for bifucntional activity by offering superb ORR half-wave potential of 0.83 V vs RHE and limiting current density of 5.85 mA cm−2 in 0.1 M KOH electrolyte. Zinc-air battery exhibits peak power density of ∼175 mW cm−2 and specific capacity of ∼767 mAh g−1, along with durable cycling round trip efficiency of >63 % (correspond to low voltage gap of ∼0.74 V). These characteristics are better than numerous M–N–C based catalysts reported in the literature. This new strategy holds a great potential to boost the development of diverse MOFs and carbon-based electrocatalysts for a wide range of energy storage and conversion technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A novel nanostructured composite of cobalt-doped copper sulfide integrated with graphene oxide (GO/Co-CuS) was designed and synthesized as a conversion anode material for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs). • Cobalt doping alleviates Coulombic repulsion between Zn2+ and host anions, while the GO framework improves electrical conductivity and mitigates volume expansion, resulting in remarkable electrochemical performance. • GO/Co-CuS exhibits exceptional rate and cycling stability, confirming its practical efficacy as an efficient conversion anode for ZIBs. Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) encounter substantial obstacles arising from the inherent dilemmas of dendrite growth, hydrogen gas evolution, and corrosion affiliated with zinc metal anodes, thereby highlighting the necessity for researching conversion anode materials as a promising pathway forward. Copper sulfide (CuS) has been demonstrated as a promising conversion anode material for ZIBs due to its notable electrochemical performance, while challenges persist regarding the Coulombic interactions between Zn2+ and host anions, coupled with the material's fundamental conductivity that remains less than fully satisfactory. To address the above issues, we have designed and synthesized a nanostructured composite of cobalt doped CuS integrated in graphene oxide frames (GO/Co-CuS) as anode for ZIBs. The cobalt doping serves to alleviate Coulomb interaction (Coulomb attraction) between Zn2+ and host anions, thereby enhancing the kinetics of Zn2+ diffusion. Furthermore, the incorporation of GO framework improves the electrical conductivity of the material and mitigates volume expansion during the reaction process. The synergistic effect engendered by the combination of cobalt doping and the incorporation of a GO framework results in the remarkable electrochemical performance exhibited by GO/Co-CuS. The GO/Co-CuS composite nanostructure exhibited commendable rate capability and cycling stability. Specifically, it exhibits remarkable rate capability, delivering 296 mAh g−1 at 1 A/g and 168 mAh g−1 at 10 A/g. Furthermore, after 1000 cycles at a high current density of 10 A/g, it maintains a capacity of 166 mAh g−1, demonstrating exceptional cycling stability. Additionally, the full-cell configuration of GO/Co-CuS//MnO 2 @CNTs, when cycled 241 times at 2 A/g, retains a capacity of 79 mAh g−1, thereby confirming the practical efficacy of the GO/Co-CuS nanocomposite as an efficient conversion anode for ZIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Hierarchical porous film with aligned nanosheets is prepared by superspreading method. • The film shows high photothermal conversion and good salt-shrinkage resistance. • It achieved a high uranium capacity of 10.4mg g−1 in natural seawater for 10 days. • Its extraction rate is exceeding those of reported recoverable AO-based adsorbents. Seawater is the world's largest reservoir of uranium and, hence, uranium in seawater is one of the most sustainable sources of nuclear fuel. Poly(amidoxime) (PAO)-based adsorbents hold promise for uranium extraction from seawater but have not been industrialized because of their insufficient uranium extraction efficiency. Herein, hierarchically porous ultrathin PAO films with aligned graphene oxide nanosheets were prepared by Marangoni flow–driven superspreading and evaluated as adsorbents for uranium extraction from seawater efficiently. The best-performing film exhibited high photothermal conversion, short uranium diffusion path, and excellent salt-shrinkage resistance. These features endow the film with a high uranium adsorption capacity of 10.4 mg g−1 for natural seawater after 10 days, with an ultrafast rate of 1.04 mg g−1 day−1 exceeding those of previously reported recoverable AO-based adsorbents. Given the upscalability of the film fabrication method and regenerability of the developed films, the present study paves the way for uranium of extraction from seawater efficiently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• GO/CNWs/PVDF fibrous membranes with uniform diameter and higher porosity were prepared by electrospinning. • Experiment combined with computational simulation to study the filtration efficiency of fibrous membranes. • The synergy effect of GO and CNWs increased the filtration efficiency of PVDF fibrous membrane from 86.36% to 95.58%. The filtration capability can be effectively adjusted by involving the incorporation of fillers into filter materials. Here, we present a promising filter material for capturing particulate matters in smoke, a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) fibrous membrane modified by cellulose nanowhisker (CNWs) and graphene oxide (GO), which was prepared by a facile electrospinning method. GO with oxygen-containing groups can improve the capability of capturing particle owing to its excellent adsorption performance. CNWs with highly ordered crystalline regions can alter the dimension and properties of PVDF fibers. The synergistic effect of GO and CNWs enabled uniform fiber diameter, higher porosity, and better filtration property as compared with that of pristine PVDF membranes. Experimental results demonstrated a significant improvement in the filtration efficiency of PVDF fibrous membranes after blending with GO and CNWs. The filtration data showed that the filtration efficiency (95.58%) of GO/CNWs/PVDF membrane was higher than that (87.68%) of CNWs/PVDF membrane and that (86.36%) of PVDF membrane. The reusability for capturing pollutants showed that the fibrous membrane could keep a certain filtration capability (93.85%) after 5 cycles. Computational results suggested there was an interaction between GO and smoke pollutants (monoterpene) and the addition of GO play an effect on the filtration efficiency of fibrous membranes. These results showed that GO/CNWs/PVDF fibrous membranes was ideal filter materials for air pollutant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A pain-perceptive nociceptor was developed by combining a temperature sensor with a synaptic transistor. • The synaptic functions and features of nociceptors were emulated. • Sodium alginate electrolyte was utilized as graphene oxide synaptic transistor gate dielectric. • Temperature sensing is achieved by employing MoS 2 for the pain-perceptual nociceptors. • The device has the ability to replicate significant attributes of pain-perceptive nociceptors. Pain-perceptual nociceptors play a crucial role as sensory neurons, detecting noxious stimuli and enabling the human body to respond effectively while accurately perceiving atypical or hazardous situations in reality. Hence, the utilization of emerging devices in hardware to incorporate pain-perceptual nociceptors can significantly enhance the effectiveness of bionic devices by providing them with varying sensitivities towards external stimuli based on specific objectives. In this study, we have developed a pain-perceptive nociceptor by combining a temperature sensor with a synaptic transistor. To emulate synaptic functions and features of nociceptors, a graphene oxide synaptic transistor with sodium alginate electrolyte as gate dielectric is utilized. This device has the ability to replicate significant attributes of pain-perceptive nociceptors, including the threshold for pain, memory of prior injury, and modulation of pain sensitivity. For the purpose of perceiving pain, temperature sensing is achieved by employing a MoS 2 temperature sensor for the pain-perceptual nociceptors. The suggested device has the potential to create novel possibilities for the applications of advanced neuromorphic brain-like systems, like electronic skins, wearable sensing and implantable bioelectronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Reversible phase transition-induced egg-structure solar-driven spherical sandwiched hydrogel. • The spherical sandwiched hydrogel is constructed by free radical polymerization with step-by-step method. • The hydrogel possesses antifouling, bactericidal, and purification performance. • Application: prepared solar-driven purifiers for portable water purification. Wastewater purifying using the solar-driven hydrogel with phase transition-induced is restricted by limited working capacity, layer structuring, and finite stability. To address these issues, a successive structural design inspired by the raw egg structure is employed, using N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm), N, N-diethylacrylamide (DEAAm), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), and modified graphene oxide (mGO) to fabricate the spherical sandwiched hydrogel (SSH), which has a triple-decker structure with the capability of reversible phase transition-induced water purification. Benefiting from the multiple spherical sandwiched structures in SSH hydrogel and numerous polyfunctional groups serving as adsorption sites within layers, the hydrogel exhibits excellent antifouling, bactericidal, and purification performance, including the treatment of wastewater contaminated by microplastics, microorganisms, oils, metals, and dyes. By controlling the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of each layer, the solar-driven SSH can efficiently remove impurities through step-by-step purification from the inner to the outer layers, resulting in a tunable production of freshwater, with the highest rate being 28.07 kg·m−2·h−1 under natural sunlight. Furthermore, the solar-driven SSH hydrogel with an egg-like structure offers an additional benefit in enhancing mechanical properties together with anti-destructive, allowing for numerous cycles of highly effective reuse. Therefore, this research proposes an effective sequential structural design approach for the future development of easily prepared solar-driven purifiers for portable water purification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The heterostructure formed by the combination of WO 3 with introduced oxygen vacancies and reduced graphene oxide. • The WO 3-x @rGO anode exhibits a high specific capacity of 1202.6 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, with a cycling retention rate of 96 % after 100 cycles. • The capacity remains at 305 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 500 charge-discharge cycles. • Theoretical calculations indicate that WO 3-x @rGO exhibits favorable adsorption energy, a lower work function, and reduced barrier heights. While transition-metal oxides have emerged as promising candidates for lithium energy storage, several issues are remained to be addressed such as low conductivity, rate performance, and recyclability. In this study, a three-dimensional interconnected sheet-like heterostructure of WO 3-x coated with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was synthesized using the hydrothermal method. This structure significantly enhanced the conductivity of WO 3-x. By combining the heterojunction with oxygen vacancies (OV), the active sites are enlarged, promoting the effective movement of ions and electrons at the interface between the WO 3-x and rGO. The prepared anode exhibits a high specific capacity of 1202.6 mAh/g at 0.1 A g−1, with a cycling retention rate of 96 % after 100 cycles. Meanwhile, even at 5 A g−1, it still maintains a capacity of 305 mAh/g after 500 cycles. Theoretical calculations reveal that the presence of the composite heterogeneous structure enables WO 3-x @rGO to possess appropriate adsorption energy, lower work function, and reduced barriers. This arrangement provides abundant active sites, promoting the rapid penetration of the electrolyte and enhancing the interface reaction kinetics, which is consistent with the experimental results. This study offers a new strategy for Li-ion anode materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nanohybrid of CoSe 2 -NiSe 2 heterojunction and HrGO was synthesized via combining thermal etching and in-situ selenization strategy. The holey reduced graphene oxide (HrGO) enabling rapid Na+ diffusion along this direction. CoSe 2 -NiSe 2 heterojunction creates an internal electric field, which leads to a rapid electrochemical reaction kinetic at the heterojunction interface. The incorporation of HrGO with CoSe 2 -NiSe 2 heterojunctions synergistically enhances both external and internal charge transfer rate, thereby improving the fast-charging performance of SIBs. [Display omitted] • The nanohybrid of CoSe 2 -NiSe 2 and HrGO is synthesized via combining thermal etching and in-situ selenization strategy. • The Na+ storage mechanism was well revealed by using the in-situ/ex-situ characterizations and DFT calculations. • These features contribute to excellent rate performance (392.4mAh/g at 15 A/g) and competitive cycling stability. • The synergistic effect o'f the nanoporous structure in HrGO and CoSe 2 -NiSe 2 heterostructure can improve Na+ transport rate. Inspired by the "Barrel principle" and based on the working principle of the "rocking chair". We propose two shortboards that "bulk diffusion rate" and "ion reaction rate", which affect the fast charging of sodium ion batteries (SIBs). The holey reduced graphene oxide (HrGO) with abundant nanopores provides longitudinal diffusion channels, enabling rapid Na+ diffusion along this direction, which solves the shortboard of bulk diffusion rate. Additionally, heterojunctions are considered a viable approach for enhancing fast Na+ storage performance by providing more storage sites and accelerating the kinetics of Na+ reaction, which solve the shortboard of ion reaction rate. Herein, we construct HrGO combined with CoSe 2 -NiSe 2 heterojunctions has been rationally fabricated to synergistically enhance the ionic and electronic diffusion kinetics. As expected, the CoSe 2 -NiSe 2 /HrGO anode in SIBs shows an excellent fast-charging performance (392.4mAh/g at 15 A/g), surpassing most Co/Ni-based selenide anodes. Additionally, the assembled CoSe 2 -NiSe 2 /HrGO||NVP full cell delivers a high specific capacity of 116.1 and 95.4mAh/g at 0.1 and 20C, respectively, coupled with 97.8 % capacity retention rate for 100 cycles. Furthermore, we elucidate the mechanism of Na+ storage and fast transport through electrochemical kinetic analysis, in situ and ex situ characterizations, density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and distribution of relaxation times (DRT). Importantly, this study provides theoretical insights into accelerating rapid Na+ transfer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The Pt nanoparticles uniformly dispersed on 3D graphene oxide supports (Pt/GO-BCN) were successfully constructed. • The optimal Pt/GO-BCN catalyst performs superior half wave potential (0.9 V) and high 4e- ORR selectivity up to 97 %. • In situ synchronous spectroscopy techniques were adopted on electrocatalytic mechanism study. • The accelerated evolution of interfacial species was deeply revealed for Pt/GO-BCN catalysts. The sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) poses significant limitations to the widespread application of the ORR in advanced energy systems. Here, we present a composite catalyst consisting of Pt nanoparticles immobilized on 3D B, N-doped graphene oxide (Pt/GO-BCN). Through X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy and synchrotron radiation infrared spectroscopy analyses, we discovered that the codoping of B and N significantly regulates the electronic structure of graphene and enhances the interaction between Pt nanoparticles and the supports. The electronic state-optimized 3D support promotes the uniform distribution of Pt nanoparticles with small size, forming a low-resistance interfacial environment to accelerate the cleavage of the *OOH species during the reaction process. The ORR activity and selectivity of Pt/GO-BCN significantly surpass those of commercial Pt/C catalysts, and excellent durability under long-term operation is achieved. These results provide a new avenue for the design of advanced Pt-based catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Ultra-thin lithium metal anodes (LMAs) with tunable thickness (10 ∼ 50 μm) obtained by cellulose-derived carbon supported rGO. • Uniformly dispersed Ag nanoparticles introduced by gas-phase diffusion silver mirror reaction. • Density Functional Theory (DFT) confirms the super-lithophilicity of Li-Ag alloys. • CC-rGO/Li x Ag y //LFP full cell exhibits good cycling performance at very low N/P (1.18) conditions. • CC-rGO/Li x Ag y //LFP pouch cell shows excellent flexibility under folding conditions. Thin lithium metal anodes (LMAs) play a crucial role in realizing lithium metal batteries (LMBs) with high-energy–density. However, the commercial production of thin lithium anode continues to face challenges in manufacturing complexities, inadequate reversible capacity and unstable cyclability. Herein, we show a facile and effective strategy to produce ultra-thin LMAs with tunable thickness (10 ∼ 50 μm), in which the Li-Ag alloy is in-situ formed and uniformly loaded on the cellulose-derived carbon supported reduced graphene oxide (CC-rGO). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the Li-Ag alloy has strong adsorption energy and minimal energy barrier for Li diffusion, which can effectively meliorate Li transfer and homogeneous deposition. Due to the advantages of the synergistic effect of Li-Ag alloy modification, the elaborate-designed ultra-thin and 3D structure, the CC-rGO/Li x Ag y /Li anode facilitates the acceleration of Li-ion transport kinetics, reduce the nucleation barrier and offer adequate active sites, thereby improving the electrochemical characteristics. The CC-rGO/Li x Ag y /Li symmetric cell exhibits stably Li plating/stripping for 5000 h at 1 mA cm−2. When matched with LiFePO 4 cathode, the full cell delivers remarkable cycling reversibility for 900 cycles at 3C and the negative/positive capacity (N/P) ratio can be down to 1.18. More impressively, the pouch cell reveals an excellent flexibility with maintaining more than 80 % capacity over 80 cycles at 0.3C in folded states. This study provides a promising avenue to developing viable high-energy–density LMBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biodegradable aerogels are crucial for global sustainable development and dual-carbon economy, but their poor fire safety, strength, and durability under harsh conditions have severely limited their application. In this work, an intelligent "artificial skeleton" was put on the SA aerogel surface through surface crosslink growth and intermolecular hydrogen bonding. This endows the SA aerogel with excellent mechanical and water-resistant properties while maintaining its outstanding thermal insulation performance. Meanwhile, the directionally assembled GO intelligent response layer can provide early warning performance in case of fire or relatively high temperature. This "intelligent armor" protective structure has shown great application prospects in the emerging fields of fire-fighting suits, building walls, and spacecraft housings. [Display omitted] • A bio-based alginate multifunctional aerogel (SA@HAP@GO) with "intelligent bionic armor" was constructed through surface microcalcification, hydroxyapatite growth, and directional assembly. • SA@HAP@GO aerogel has excellent mechanical strength, water resistance, thermal insulation performance (0.03537 W m-1K−1), and fast and lasting fire warning response (∼1.95 s), which can be used as an ideal intelligent fire alarm material. • Exceptional fire shielding performances e.g., the human fingers can be placed on the back of material during a fire and LOI of ∼ 61.5 %. Intelligent bio-based aerogels have attracted increasing attention in several key areas due to their unique porous structure and sustainability, but they suffer from poor fire safety, strength, and durability under harsh conditions. Here, we prepared sodium alginate/hydroxyapatite/graphene oxide (SA@HAP@GO) aerogel by in-situ growth and directional assembly technology, and an intelligent "bionic armor" was put on the surface of SA aerogel. It not only endows aerogel with high strength (2.3 MPa) and long-time water resistance (30 days) but also maintains the lightweight (0.039 g cm−3) and thermal insulation properties (0.03537 W m-1K−1) of original aerogel. Under fire conditions, the compact physical barrier makes aerogel obtain the excellent fire-resistant stability and fire-safety performance. Besides, the directional assembly of GO and the chelating effect of Ca2+ on aerogel surface promote the formation of a three-dimensional electron transport network during reduction process, thus achieving a fast and long-lasting fire early-warning response (1.95 s). The corresponding mechanism was demonstrated by molecular theoretical calculation and experiments. This multifunctional aerogel provides a new way for sustainable and high-performance thermal-insulation materials and shows a wide application in energy security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• OPGO was prepared from GO by consecutive H 2 O 2 etching and oxidation. • The structure changes from GO to OPGO nanosheets were characterized. • The adsorbent was fabricated via OPGO nanosheets crosslinking and lyophilizing. • The adsorbent showed CO 2 adsorption performances of 2.5 mmol/g at 1 bar, 298 K. The 2D graphene oxide (GO) is promising for CO 2 adsorption, benefitting from its theoretically high specific surface area and abundant oxygen-containing groups. However, the GO nanosheets aggregation renders the loss of CO 2 adsorption site, reducing the CO 2 adsorption capability. To tackle this issue, we propose of tailoring physical and chemical structures of the GO nanosheet by etching and oxidation, which concurrently enhance the specific surface area and oxygen-containing functional groups. The etching step creates additional in-plane nanopores in the GO nanosheet and uncovers the inaccessible sites on the GO nanosheet. The oxidation step produces more oxygen-containing groups, i.e., active sites, to intensify the CO 2 adsorption of GO nanosheets. Resultantly, through enhancing pore volume and interaction between CO 2 and oxygenic functional group, the adsorption capacity of CO 2 is promoted. As such, the CO 2 adsorption capability of GO nanosheets is significantly enhanced. The optimized oxidized porous GO nanosheets are employed for CO 2 adsorption after Ca2+ crosslinking, which realizes a high CO 2 adsorption capability of 2.5 mmol/g at 298 K, 1 bar. Together with its prominent running stability, the fabricated porous GO-based adsorbents show great potential for CO 2 capture to mitigate the current greenhouse gas dilemma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• GO-CH-MIOBs nanomaterial was synthesized using a single-step coprecipitation process. • GO-CH-MIOBs NMs were dried using a freezing process for the first time, resulting in excellent uniform morphology. • The catalyst exhibits stable and superior piezocatalytic degradation capacity towards methylene blue, crystal violet, and Rhodamine 6G dyes. • It shows high reproducibility for cationic dyes. Sequestration of organic pollutants by the method of degradation is one of the safest ways to completely remove them from water bodies, without generating harmful by-products. Piezocatalytic degradation for this approach has been gaining much research attention, in recent times, due to its high efficiency. The present work reports synthesis of four types of Graphene Oxide-Chitin-Magnetic Iron Oxide Beads Nanomaterials, each with a different ratio of Graphene oxide (GO) and Chitin (CH). Among these, GO-CH-MIOBs NM-4 showed a superior Piezocatalytic degradation capacity towards methylene blue (MB), crystal violet (CV) and Rhodamine 6G (R6G) dyes. Various parameters influencing the piezocatalytic performance of the material such as kinetic factors, initial dye concentration, strength of ultrasonic vibration etc., have been analyzed thoroughly. Degradation rate constant (K) values of 63.4, 59.34 and 48.36 /min were obtained for MB, CV and R6G Dyes respectively. Moreover, cycling tests for all three dyes reflected significant stability of these materials as evident from the high degradation efficiencies of 99.80, 99.24 and 99.12 % within 60 min being retained for MB, CV and Rh6G dyes even after the 5th cycle. These nanomaterials can be a good addition in the list of high efficiency piezocatalyts for water purification with no secondary wastes being produced. Comparison of the XPS spectra before and after sonication gave insight into the mechanism of piezocatalytic degradation which highlighted hydroxyl and superoxide radicals as the main attacking species which are responsible for the degradation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The CNF-TAU, covered by many"micro cilia", is successfully synthesized by TAU modifying CNF. • The strength and toughness of the CNF-TAU film were obviously improved. • The generated stable induced voltage and the fast response/recovery time are possessed by the humidity sensor. • Actuator exhibits the large max. bending angle and the drive cycle stability. Exploring the interrelationships between microstructure, hydrophilicity, humidity response, and material stability through molecular structure design and low-cost preparation, and manufacturing sensing and driving materials with a perfect balance between structures and properties is crucial for biomimetic robots and intelligent devices. Herein, inspired by the capillary phenomenon, the cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was grafted by using taurine to form the "micro cilia" microstructure on its surface (CNF-TAU). By controlling the cilia density and symmetry, the hydrophilicity of the materials was adjusted, and the water was allowed to quickly separate from the inside of the materials, which led to improving the humidity sensitivity and stability of materials. Concretely, compared with CNF, the puncture load, tearing strength, and elongation at break of the CNF-TAU-1.0 were improved by 11.95 times, 2.16 times, and 15.6 %, respectively, and excellent tensile strength was presented. Moreover, the hydrophilicity of CNF-TAU was first weakened and then enhanced with TAU content increasing. At last, the CNF-TAU-1.0 (WCA 55.43°) was selected and blended with single-layer graphene oxide (GO) to prepare CNF-TAU/GO composite films by vacuum filtration. The results indicated that the composite film had excellent mechanical (room and high humidity), humidity responsiveness, and humidity gradient-driven properties. In detail, the CNF-TAU/GO-10 % composite film had the generated stable induced voltage (68.4 mV), the fast response/recovery time (0.3 s/0.9 s), the large max. bending angle (178.4°), and the drive cycle stability (1000 cycles). Moreover, the composite film could be applied to produce biomimetic soft robots, such as human fingers and butterfly-shaped robots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • we report a multifunctional hydrogel sensor with self-healing, motion monitoring, and non-antibiotic bactericidal properties that can promote wound healing. • This sensor possesses excellent biocompatibility and multifunctional therapeutic properties, including flexibility, self-healing characteristics, and tunable photothermal conversion capability. • The high sensitivity sensor (GF=8.5) can also monitor various human activities, including large movements and small strain signals to diagnose related activities and diseases. • In a diabetic wound model, the MHPBA-GO demonstrated excellent multiple functions such as ROS scavenging, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, macrophage polarization modulation, and angiogenesis can serve as an effective wound dressing to accelerate the healing process. Flexible epidermal sensors based on conductive hydrogels hold great potential for wearable devices and personal medical monitoring. Integrating real-time monitoring of injury and motion activities can essentially enhance treatment outcomes by providing detailed data to guide clinical practice. However, the application of conductive hydrogel epidermal sensors in diverse remains challenging. In this study, a multifunctional PVA/AM/AAPBA/Graphene Oxide (referred to as MHPBA-GO hydrogel) was designed as an epidermal sensor for combined functions of accelerating wound healing and motion sensing. This sensor possesses excellent biocompatibility and multifunctional therapeutic properties, including flexibility, self-healing features, and tunable photothermal conversion capability. It can sensitively monitor human motion and small electrophysiological signals to diagnose related activities and diseases. The corresponding gauge factor (GF) values under 0–200% strain are 1.8 (0–90%), 2.1 (90–160%), and 8.5 (160–200%), respectively. Furthermore, using a diabetic rat mode demonstrated that the composite hydrogel sensor can be used as an efficient wound dressing to promote wound healing. This study provides a valuable reference and guidance for the development of flexible epidermal sensors with multifunctionality for personal health monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the aid of DMSO/DMF co-solvent and CTAB stabilizer, sulfur nanoparticles (75 nm) are prepared via the anti-solvent precipitation method. The DMSO/DMF molecules exhibits the largest adsorption energy of −0.49 eV towards S 8 , which provides higher solvation capacity for the desired degree of supersaturation. After 500 cycles, the specific capacity of the S@rGO-75 electrode (5 mg cm−2) remained at 506 mAh g−1 (46.0 % capacity retention), with a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.8 %. [Display omitted] • Sulfur nanoparticles (75 nm) are prepared by a precipitation method in the presence of DMSO/DMF co-solvents. • S@rGO-75 electrode achieves stable discharge at an ultra-high sulfur loading of 60 mg cm−2. • The discharge specific capacity of a pouch cell remains at 941 mAh g−1 (70.8 %) after 150 cycles at 1.5 C. • A pouch cell-based drone achieves 255 s continuous flight. We employ a simple anti-solvent precipitation method to prepare sulfur nanoparticles. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) are chosen as co-solvents, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) is used as a stabilizer. By adjusting parameters such as the ratio of solvents and concentration, we precisely control the supersaturation, finely tuning the size of the sulfur particles. To enhance the electrical conductivity of the electrode materials, we uniformly composite sulfur with reduced graphene oxide (rGO). As the sulfur particle size decreases, the charge transfer resistance of the S@rGO cathode rapidly decreases, demonstrating excellent electrode kinetics. A lithium-sulfur coin cell assembled with S@rGO-75 exhibits a discharge specific capacity of 1272 mAh g−1. After 180 cycles, the capacity retention remains at 89.1 %, with a Coulombic efficiency of 98.9 %. Additionally, a pouch cell (PC-75) achieves stable charge–discharge behavior at a total sulfur loading of 300 mg, with an initial discharge specific capacity of 1047 mAh g−1 and a capacity retention of 63.7 % after 80 cycles. Under lean electrolyte conditions (E/S = 1.5 μl mg−1), PC-75 maintains outstanding energy density (392.3 Wh kg−1). Based on PC-75, a drone achieves an ultra-long flight time of 255 s, providing preliminary evidence of the practical application potential of PC-75. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • BTO was successfully prepared by hydrothermal method with the assistance of CNF, GO and C-CNT. • The high temperature treatment realized the phase transformation of BTO, carbonization of CNF and reduction of GO. • Hot pressing and high-voltage polarization promote β-phase formation of PVDF as well as dipole orientation. • PEG exhibits V OC of 11.64 V and I SC of 824 nA under a force of 40 N. • PEG can effectively convert the mechanical energy generated by human motion into electrical energy. It is of great significance to develop piezoelectric composites with mechanical flexibility and high electromechanical coupling characteristics for the collection and conversion of mechanical energy. In this work, a barium titanate (BTO) based piezoelectric composite was prepared by hydrothermal synthesis and high-temperature carbonization with the assistance of cellulose nanofibers (CNF), graphene oxide (GO) and carboxylated carbon nanotubes (C-CNT). C-CNT, GO and CNF can provide growth sites for BTO, but compared with C-CNT, CNF and GO have stronger interaction with BTO, which can improve the compatibility between BTO and CNF/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix. The tensile strength of the composite membrane prepared by GO-CNF-BTO treated at 1100 °C can reach 23.36 ± 8.30 MPa. After further hot pressing and polarization treatment, its longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient (d 33) reaches 9.8 ± 2.6 pC·N−1. Correspondingly, the open-circuit voltage (V OC) and short-circuit current (I SC) increases to 11.64 V and 824 nA, respectively. In addition, the assembled piezoelectric generator (PEG) can charge for small commercial capacitors, as well as light small bulbs and electronic screens. It also has good piezoelectric output stability and sensing performance, which can effectively convert the mechanical energy from human motion into electrical energy. This work provides a reference for the performance improvement of flexible piezoelectric devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphene-based uranyl adsorbents with photothermal conversion and antimicrobial properties was constructed for uranium extraction from seawater. The main intermolecular interactions between uranyl and amino and carboxyl radicals of the adsorbent were visualized, and electronic changes in the system were detected based on real space function. The adsorption mechanism of nitrogen–oxygen synergistic double-dentate coordination was proposed. [Display omitted] • The photothermal hydrogel with excellent antibacterial ability was constructed. • The driving force of uranyl adsorption by PNGM was analyzed. • The nitrogen–oxygen synergistic coordination is the driving force of uranyl adsorption. • The hybridization of nitrogen and oxygen elements and uranium elements is the key to adsorption. In order to design adsorbents with excellent adsorption selectivity and absorption rate of uranyl, it is very important to understand the intern mechanism of the molecular interaction between adsorbents and uranyl. In this work, graphene-based uranyl adsorbents with photothermal conversion and antimicrobial properties was constructed for uranium extraction from seawater, which were synthesized by functionalized modified graphene oxide (GO) with poly N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM) and amphiphilic 2-methacryloxyethylphosphorylcholine (MPC). The adsorption mechanism of uranyl by hydrogel was investigated with the aid of experimental and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Through wave function analysis, the main intermolecular interactions between uranyl and amino and carboxyl radicals of the adsorbent were visualized, and electronic changes in the system were detected based on real space function. and the adsorption mechanism of nitrogen–oxygen coordination was proposed. Based on the above calculation, we propose the adsorption mechanism of nitrogen–oxygen synergistic double-dentate coordination. To be specific, orbital decomposition of the Wiberg bond index (WBI) suggests that the coordination mechanism is mainly due to the relatively diffuse 5f orbitals of uranyl mixing with the 2p orbital mixing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Proposing a graphene anchoring strategy to stabilize the structure of metal-based cathode in Na-NiCl 2 battery. • Researching the reaction kinetic process of composite cathode by combining in-situ EIS with GITT test. • Revealing the role of RGO in enhancing rate and cycling performance of Na-NiCl 2 battery. The integration of renewable energy with advanced energy storage technologies is essential. The sodium-based batteries, particularly sodium-nickel chloride (Na-NiCl 2) batteries, show promise due to the abundance and low redox potential of sodium (−2.7 V vs. SHE). Despite their advantages in terms of cost, safety, and high efficiency, the improvement of rate and cycling performance of Na-NiCl 2 batteries remains a challenge. To address this issue, a Ni nanostructure-supported reduced graphene oxide (RGO) composite is synthesized and combined with NaCl to serve as the cathode material for Na-NiCl 2 batteries. Benefiting from the strong anchoring function of RGO, the growth of Ni is inhibited. As a result, the obtained cathode exhibits a notable specific capacity of 132.7 mAh/g at a high rate of 0.6C, along with excellent Coulombic efficiency of 100 % over 500 cycles and high energy efficiency (95.8 %). In addition, the outstanding conductivity, high specific surface area and abundant pore distribution of Ni@RGO contribute to enhanced conversion reaction and ion diffusion, and thus promoting rate capability. In contrast, the pure Ni nanosheets-based (Ni NSs) cathode is subjected to serious grain growth, which leads to poor rate performance and rapid capacity fading. By introducing conductive framework of RGO and constructing porous Ni nanostructure, the rapid electrons transport and diffusion of ions is achieved, and thus presenting the exceptional electrochemical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Coal-derived graphene oxide (C-GO) with a yield of 107% and a cost of 50-100 USD/kg. • Lower defect on the basal plane of C-GO compared with graphene oxide produced from graphite. • Alkyl functional groups inherited from coal structure render C-GO with anchoring effect for mechanical reinforcement in composite materials. • Sub-micron scale and low defect C-GO with higher surface area and electrical conductivity for potential energy storage applications. Sub-micron graphene oxide (GO) has emerged as a promising additive in the realms of composite films and fibers applications. Traditional GO preparation involves acid oxidation of high-purity graphite, yielding particles in micron scale. Achieving sub-micron dimensions typically demands rigorous conditions, leading to increased defects with low yield. In this study, the sp2 carbon domain from anthracite first undergoes graphitization, growing from nano to sub-micron scale, then sub-micron GO is extracted via oxidatively severing its bridging bonds. The resulting GO exhibits an average size of 800 nm, a thickness of 1-2 layers, and a yield of 107%. This methodology is applicable to bituminous and lignite as well. Furthermore, the broken bridging bonds act as alkyl danglings on sub-micron GO and serving as anchors in composites through hydrogen bonding. The reinforcing efficacy of sub-micron GO is demonstrated through the fabrication of composite films and fibers. This work pioneers cost-effective production of high-quality sub-micron GO, elevating coal's value through advanced applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The DES was polymerized on the surface of magGO to synthesize the 2D-MPDES. • The 2D-MPDES effectively adsorbed polyphenols in roselle through π-π stacking. • The prepared roselle polyphenol extract showed great potential in anti-photoaging. The calyxes of roselle are rich in polyphenols and have excellent antioxidant capacities. However, because polyphenols are unstable, it is challenging to develop a method to efficiently obtain and maintain the activity of polyphenols from roselle. Herein, a method for preparing polyphenol extract from roselle is developed. A two-dimensional (2D) magnetic Poly(deep eutectic solvents) (PDES) based on magnetic graphene oxide is prepared as an adsorbent for extracting polyphenols from roselle, and roselle polyphenol extract is efficiently prepared by matrix solid-phase dispersion method. Under the conditions of sample/dispersant ratio of 1:4, grinding time of 3 min, and ultrasonic elution of 60 % ethanol for 5 min, the polyphenol content extracted from roselle is 30.362 ± 1.224 mg/g. Density functional theory calculations show that the 2D-MPDES can efficiently adsorb polyphenols via π–π stacking owing to the numerous benzene ring structures on its surface. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectroscopy shows that the active substance prepared using the 2D-MPDES contains 39 compounds. Finally, the antioxidant capacity and antiphotoaging potential of the roselle polyphenol extract prepared using the 2D-MPDES are investigated. Results show that the roselle polyphenol extract prepared using the 2D-MPDES exhibits good antioxidant capacity and can be used to treat photoaging of HaCaT cells from ultraviolet-B-induced. Our results show that the 2D-MPDES can be used to prepare active substances in roselle–roselle polyphenol extract, which provides a research idea for preparing polyphenol components from natural products. In addition, the successful application of DES helps to maintain the stability of the material and improve its reuse rate, which has a broad application prospect in industrial production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Smart thermos-responsive polymer modified GO (GO-g-PNIPAM) was first employed as adsorbent. • The adsorbent exhibited flexible adsorption/desorption behavior towards Acet. • The excellent performance was derived from free construction and deconstruction of hydrogen bonds. • External factors (NaCl and urea) could decrease the critical desorption temperature. Adsorption and regeneration techniques are crucial for the treatment of pharmaceuticals in drinking water. However, adsorbents with strong adsorption binding force and simple regeneration have been a challenging issue in the adsorption area that has not been successfully resolved. In this study, a thermos-responsive smart adsorbent, poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) modified graphene oxide (GO-g-PNIPAM) was successfully synthesized using a "graft from" surface-initiated atom-transfer radical polymerization (Si-ATRP) technology. Acetaminophen (Acet) has an excellent efficient adsorption/desorption behavior (107.40/83.9 mg/g) that is potentially flexible controlled by the modified adsorbent only by adjusting the temperature. This exceptional property is primarily caused by the phenomenon that PNIPAM cooperated with GO to undergo hydrophilic transformation in response to temperature changes, allowing for the free construction and deconstruction of hydrogen bonds between PNIPAM and contaminants. More importantly, as external factors (NaCl and urea) are mediated, the development of hydrogen bonds would be further encouraged to further stabilized the efficiency, and the desorption temperature would continue decrease by 2 and 6 °C, respectively, to promote the regeneration process. This outstanding work provides novel perspectives for subsequent smart sensitive materials to flexibly regulate the treatment efficiency of pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • GO composite membrane used to treat petrochemical wastewater for the first time. • Effective retention of organic matter with less than three rings (<1 kDa). • Exhibits long-term (445 h) stability in advanced treatment of petrochemical wastewater. • NaClO + ultrasonic cleaning was used to alleviate membrane fouling and minimize modified membrane damage. The rapid development of the petrochemical industry and associated wastewater, has led to an increasing demand for membrane technologies with enhanced permeability and anti-fouling properties in order to treat the wastewater effectively. The sustainable development of appropriate high-performance membranes requires continuous interaction between engineering practice and research. Herein, based on the laminar and fouling-resistant properties of graphene oxide (GO), and employing a layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly method with stable EDA cross-linking, a new modified graphene oxide/polyvinylidene difluoride (GO/PVDF) laminar membrane was fabricated. The membrane, with a layer spacing of approximately 0.94 nm, was applied for the first time to improve the removal of low molecular weight aromatic compounds from petrochemical wastewater. The results showed that the membrane exhibits outstanding long-term stability for treating real petrochemical wastewater, with the permeate COD maintained below 50 mg/L for 445 h of continuous operation (influent COD was 178 mg/L), which complied with the China National emission standards of pollutants for the petrochemical industry. Irreversible fouling of the composite membrane, especially caused by monocyclic and oligocyclic aromatic compounds, was alleviated by more than 70 % compared to the pristine PVDF membrane. In addition, it was demonstrated that the cleaning method and type of chemical play a critical role in alleviating irreversible membrane fouling and minimizing the detrimental impact of chemical cleaning on the stability of the modification layer and membrane structure. The results showed that the modified membrane, with its enhanced fouling resistance, high permeability and separation performance, is well-suited as an effective treatment of petrochemical wastewater, offering great potential for widespread use in the application of industrial wastewater treatment and recycling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We demonstrate a flexible TIM capable of localized temperature anomaly monitoring constructed based on vertical 3D printed reduced graphene oxide/carbon nanotube (rGO/CNT) arrays with vertically aligned structures in multiscale. This is the first time in the field of thermal conductivity that a combined strategy of heat transfer and local temperature monitoring has been realized. [Display omitted] • TIM based on vertical 3D printed rGO/CNT array is prepared. • The thermal conductivity of RGO/CNT and TIM based on pillar arrays are 38.91 and 6.04 W·m−1·K−1. • Independent pillar and varying thermal conductivity of rGO/CNT and PDMS enable localized temperature monitoring. The dramatical increase in the integration-level, multifunctionalization and power density of electronic and energy devices has put forward growing demands for heat dissipation and localized temperature monitoring to maintain device performance and lifetime. However, traditional TIMs are always confined to thermal conduction and lack the ability to monitor local temperature anomalies in heat-generating devices. Herein, we demonstrate a flexible TIM capable of localized temperature anomaly monitoring constructed based on vertical three-dimensional (3D) printing of reduced graphene oxide/carbon nanotube (rGO/CNT) arrays with vertically aligned structures on multiple scales. The vertically aligned microstructure enables the rGO/CNTs pillar an outstanding thermal conductivity, up to 38.91 W·m−1 K−1, and the through-plane thermal conductivity of the flexible TIM based on such rGO/CNT vertical arrays also reaches 6.04 W·m−1 K−1. Taking advantage of the independent rGO/CNTs pillar in vertical arrays and the significant difference in thermal conductivity between the rGO/CNT pillars and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix, we prepare flexible TIMs capable of in-situ monitoring of local temperature anomalies. This vertical 3D printing of vertically aligned carbon nanomaterials array in multi-scale can be expanded to other nanomaterials in constructing multifunctional TIMs for a range of energy and electronic components, such as power battery packs, CPU, power or communication ICs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A core-sheath composite fiber based on TPU and MWCNTs is obtained by wet spinning. • The unique dual conductive network structure is constructed by MWCNTs and RGO. • The"shoulder-peak" phenomenon is effectively weakened due to the dual conductive network structure. • The fiber-shaped strain sensor shows good response behavior in monitoring human motions. Flexible wearable strain sensor is a vital part of intelligent wearable systems due to their broad applications in human–machine interaction and smart clothes. Flexible strain sensor fabricated via conventional blending conductive polymer composites has some drawbacks, for example, low sensitivity, large hysteresis, and "shoulder-peak" phenomenon, which limit their practical applications greatly. Herein, we prepared a fiber-shaped strain sensor with a micro-porous, three-layer structure together with a dual conductive network based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The strain sensor demonstrates excellent response behaviors, including splendid stretchability (686 %), wide detection range (120 %), high sensitivity (gauge factor = 300), fast response time (300 ms) and excellent durability (over 9000 cycles). The unique dual conductive network structure endows the strain sensor with remarkable recoverability and reproducibility. The resistance of the strain sensor can recover to nearly initial conditions after the releasing process, exhibiting lower hysteresis. The "shoulder-peak" phenomenon has also been weakened based on the microstructure and conductive network design. Based on the high sensitivity and excellent response behavior, the fiber-shaped strain sensor performs real-time monitoring of breathing, finger bending, walking, and other human motions, providing a good candidate for its application in intelligent wearable devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The GO membranes were fabricated with the intercalation of co-ordinated PhA-Fe 3 O 4. • An increase in GO d-spacing was achieved using co-ordinated PhA-Fe 3 O 4. • The membranes exhibited high solvent permeance and dyes rejection performance. • The optimum G 10(1) /P 1.5 -F 100µL membrane shows high Pendimethalin and Tetracycline rejection. • The optimum G 10(1) /P 1.5 -F 100µL membrane exhibited stable performance under harsh conditions. Graphene oxide (GO), a 2D nanomaterial known for its precise molecular sieving, holds potential for Organic Solvent Nanofiltration (OSN) and wastewater treatment. However, challenges such as thin interlayer spacing, extended diffusion pathways, and susceptibility to dehydration and negative charge-induced swelling limit its separation performance. To overcome these limitations, Herein, we have fabricated novel Fe 3 O 4 coordinated PhA intercalated GO nanocomposite membranes. Impressively, these nanocomposite membranes exhibited remarkable separation efficiency for dyes, pesticides, and pharmaceutical ingredients, addressing the drawbacks associated with pristine GO membranes and enhancing their overall performance. The optimum G 10(1) /P 1.5 -F 100µL nanocomposite membrane displayed impressive solvent permeance of 40.43, 33.45, 20.70, 16.24, and 5.6 L/m2 h bar for acetone, methanol, water, ethanol, and IPA, respectively, while maintaining a rejection rate of ≥98.97 % for the MO dye (MW = 327.33 g/mol). Furthermore, the membrane exhibited outstanding efficiency in separating tetracycline (TC) in ethanol (≥97.97 %) and Pendimethalin (PM) in water (≥99.88 %). Additionally, it demonstrated high rejection capabilities for MB (≥98 %) and CR (≥98.78 %) in harsh DMF solvent. Importantly, the nanocomposite membrane displayed outstanding durability throughout continuous separation of Pendimethalin (PM) in a water solution over a period of 168 h. The PM separation remained nearly unchanged for the entire 168-h duration, demonstrating high mechanical strength and chemical stability. Additionally, the single nanocomposite membrane showcased high efficiency in feed change separation, successfully separating CR in ethanol and PM in water. These results, compared to the other GO-based nanocomposite membranes, demonstrate the exceptional stability and immense potential for real OSN applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A humidity-driven monolayer film actuator based on agarose are fabricated. • The film actuator can rapidly deform and roll under humidity-driven conditions. • Surface patterning of films can enhance rolling speed and alter the rolling mechanism. • Application potentials in smart bionic devices and soft crawling robots. The widespread availability and easy accessibility of humidity make it essential to explore simple and low-cost methods to prepare structurally and materially efficient humidity-driven actuators with spontaneous and continuous locomotion to facilitate the application of bionic devices, intelligent sensors, and soft robots. Herein, this paper reports a humidity-driven monolayer film actuator. It is self-assembled from agarose (AG) and graphene oxide (GO) modified with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), referred to as PGO, using a simple casting method. The PGO/AG composite film actuator exhibits an ultra-fast humidity response time (124.58° s−1) and recovery time (18.87° s−1), enabling rapid rolling locomotion driven by water evaporation. Notably, the programmable surface patterning of the PGO/AG composite film actuator with graphite results in a shorter single rolling time (0.43 s) and a faster rolling speed (28.73 mm s−1). Based on these advantages, the PGO/AG film actuator can mimic the opening and closing of flowers, mimosas, and fast-crawling robot driven by periodic water vapor (9.9 body length min−1). This finding provides new insights into the design of multifunctional actuators based on humidity-driven films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, SC@MnO 2 /RGO is successfully prepared for electromagnetic wave absorption, in which the RL min of SCMR3 can reach −60.95 dB at 1.47 mm and 13.12 GHz, the EAB is 4.08 GHz (13.76–17.84 GHz) at 1.23 mm, the RCS attenuation value of SCMR3-coated perfect electrical conductor at Phi = 0° and θ = 0° can attain 32.13 dB m2. [Display omitted] • The ternary lightweight SC@MnO 2 /RGO (SCMR) composites are fabricated for electromagnetic wave adsorption. • SCMR3 exhibits the RL min of −60.95 dB at 1.47 mm and 13.12 GHz and the EAB of 4.08 GHz (13.76–17.84 GHz) at 1.23 mm. • Simulation calculations reveal that its maximum RCS attenuation value at Phi = 0° and θ = 0° reach 32.13 dB m2. • Its excellent property comes from high dielectric loss, multiple reflections and interfacial polarization of the structure. To address the environmental and health issues stemming from electromagnetic pollution, it is crucial to investigate high-performance and practical materials for absorbing electromagnetic waves. Herein, the ternary lightweight SC@MnO 2 /RGO (SCMR) composites are synthesized by using a special kind of hollow sunken carbon nanoparticles (SC) as a substrate and combining MnO 2 nanosheets with 2D reduced graphene oxide (RGO). The investigation results show that the minimum reflection loss (RL min) of SCMR3 can reach −60.95 dB with a matched thickness of 1.47 mm and a frequency of 13.12 GHz, and the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) is 4.08 GHz (13.76–17.84 GHz) at the thickness of 1.23 mm. Its excellent performance comes from high dielectric loss capability, multiple reflections, interfacial polarization, and defective polarization relaxation brought by the structure of the composite, which can effectively enable electromagnetic wave absorption and facilitates energy conversion. Furthermore, simulation-based assessment under far-field conditions elucidates the radar stealth effect, demonstrating that the maximum radar cross-section (RCS) attenuation value of SCMR3-coated perfect electrical conductor (PEC) at Phi = 0° and θ = 0° can attain 32.13 dB m2. Ultimately, this study presents a viable design methodology for developing lightweight, efficient, and application-oriented carbon-based electromagnetic wave absorption materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Nacre-like ternary hybrid network TA-GO/HHACP is facilely constructed. • The network shows excellent mechanical and flame resistance property. • Ultra-sensitive early fire alarm response of ∼ 1 s at temperature of 250 °C is achieved. • Ultra-long continuous fire alarming period of > 1600 s is realized. • Flame-retardant mechanisms and reliable fire warning behaviors are clarified. Graphene oxide (GO)-based intelligent fire alarm sensor (FAS) has recently been a sought-after research topic in fire prevention fields. However, it remains a challenge to facilely construct GO-based composite that simultaneously possess mechanical flexibility, excellent flame resistance, highly-sensitive temperature-responsive behavior, rapid fire response and ultra-long fire alarming durability. Here, a nacre-like ternary hybrid paper is conveniently obtained by integrating GO with hexachlorophosphazene-based multi‑hydroxyl molecule (HHACP) and tannic acid (TA) via a facile and eco-friendly water evaporation-induced self-assembly method. The resultant composite paper (TA-GO/HHACP) exhibits mechanically flexible property with tensile strength of 103.7 MPa and toughness of 1.51 MJ/m3, comparable to 2.52 and 5.39 times higher than those of pure GO paper. Further, the TA-GO/HHACP paper displays excellent nonflammability and high-temperature resistance that can withstand continuous butane flame attack (∼ 1200 °C), resulting in ultra-long sustained alarming period of > 1600 s under an open fire. More importantly, benefiting from its rapid electrical resistance reduction capability, such TA-GO/HHACP paper demonstrates ultra-fast fire-triggered response time of ∼ 0.6 s, and ultra-sensitive early fire alarm responses to abnormal high temperatures during pre-combustion process, e.g., ∼ 1 s at 250 °C and ∼ 19 s at 200 °C, respectively, outperforming the best reported GO‑based FAS counterparts. This work provides an inventive paradigm to develop high-performance GO-based intelligent materials with reliable and sensitive early fire-warning function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • An electrocatalyst (Bi 2 O 3 /B-RGO) bearing Lewis acid and Lewis base was developed. • The Bi 2 O 3 /B-RGO efficiently synthesizes urea (9.2 mmol g−1h−1, 12.8 %) for the first time. • The fast charge transfer system, enlargement of electroactive sites, and improvement of kinetic help the performance. • The B-center acts as Lewis acid site and the Bi 2 O 3 acts as Lewis basic site to active the N 2 and CO 2 , respectively. Electrochemical synthesis urea, which couples N 2 and CO 2 , is seen as a potential promising and sustainable alternative to traditional harsh industrial process. However, the significance of the rational design electrocatalyst has been enthused due to the hard activation of N≡N, the prevalence of sub-reactions, and the low current density. Herein, an electrocatalyst, Bi 2 O 3 /B-reduced graphene oxide (RGO) was prepared for synthesis urea with a Faraday efficiency (FE) of 12.8 %, urea yield of 9.2 mmol g−1h−1 and urea current density 0.47 mA cm−2 at −0.8 V, while maintaining long-term stability. The Bi 2 O 3 /B-RGO possess a unique porous structure with continuous micron pores that facilitated the rapid mass transfer, improved kinetic efficiency and enlarged electroactive sites, which together improve the urea synthesis performance. Interestingly, the Bi 2 O 3 /B-RGO electrocatalyst is not only have excellent electrochemical properties, but also favours the adsorption and activation of reactants (N 2 and CO 2) due to the B-RGO (Lewis acid) and the Bi 2 O 3 (Lewis base). This work may provide new insights into the exploration of advanced catalysts for electrochemical urea synthesis and other sustainable applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Assembled sensor with hierarchically porous structure is engineered by locking the 3D crumpled conformation of GO nanosheets. • This sensor exhibits unparalleled ultrahigh-pressure response, exceptional sensitivities, and remarkable cycling stability. • The excellent performance empowers the sensor for real-time monitoring of pressure vessel operation and human activities. Based on microstructure engineering, graphene oxide (GO)-based piezoresistive pressure sensors have attracted increasing attention due to its amazing sensitivities, but the point-to-point contact mechanism among nanosheets compromises their high-pressure monitoring capabilities. Inspired by the multiple conformations of GO nanosheets, we utilize π-π conjugated interlayer interactions to lock the 3D crumpled conformation of nanosheets, resulting in controllable assembly into a flexible graphene membrane with hierarchically porous structures (PGM). These designed structures include microscale pores formed by the loose stacking of 3D crumpled nanosheets and nanoscale pores supported by densely packed crumples, reaching up to 100 nm in height. The PGM flexible sensor exhibits an unprecedented ultrahigh-pressure response of up to 2000 kPa, with high sensitivities of 1.1 and 0.7 kPa−1 in the pressure ranges of 1–600 kPa and 600–2000 kPa, respectively, and demonstrates over 10,000 cycles of high-pressure stability. Moreover, the PGM flexible sensors enable real-time monitoring of pressure vessel inflation/deflation processes and human activities such as finger, elbow, and knee bending, as well as walking, running, and jumping. This hierarchically porous structure provides a promising avenue for ultra-wide-range and ultra-high-pressure sensing devices, with potential applications in structural health monitoring, personal healthcare, and medical diagnostics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• TiO 2 and rGO synergistic enhanced triboelectric output. • The high temperature resistant nanofiber membrane was achieved by electrospinning. • Self-powered sensors for firefighters were successfully applied. The output performance of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) can drop dramatically in high temperature environments because of the thermionic emission effect. To enhance the thermal charge stability and expand the working temperature of TENG, polyimide nanofibers (PINF) were synergistically enhanced by the electron trapping mechanism of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and interfacial polarization of TiO 2. With the multiple enhancement effect of polyimide/rGO/TiO 2 composite nanofibers (PRTNF) on triboelectric output, PRTNF-TENG generated an open circuit voltage of 228.26 V and a short circuit current of 5.22 μA, which were 3.80 and 3.48 times higher than those of PINF-TENG. The effective output of polymer-based TENG was investigated from 25 − 300 °C. Compared to room temperature, the PRTNF-TENG can maintain 19.45 % (44.39 V) and 18.20 % (0.95 μA) of the voltage and current at 300 °C, respectively, and still drive 50 commercial LEDs. Furthermore, PRTNF-TENGs were applied as self-powered sensors for firefighters to provide real-time motion monitoring and ambient temperature detection. This PRTNF-TENG has broad application prospects for energy harvesting and smart electronic monitor in harsh environments such as fire and space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Large-area MGS provides an affordable and efficient seawater solarization. • MGS achieves a high water evaporation and photothermal conversion efficiency. • MGS realizes long-term solarizing seawater by convective/diffusive salt discharge. • MGS is highly adaptable in various outdoor environments. Conventional solarizing seawater technology faces significant challenges including a large footprint, time-consuming processes, and inefficient energy utilization. Solar-driven interfacial water evaporation (SIWE) technology, offers a promising approach for sustainable solarizing seawater, facilitating the production of solid salt with reduced time and land requirements. Nevertheless, the urgent challenge lies in the development of low-cost, large-area solar evaporators that are highly salt-resistant and adaptable, enabling efficient and sustainable solar desalination for solid salt production. As such, a large-area, affordable, and highly durable melamine foam/reduced graphene oxide/sodium alginate (MGS) solar evaporator is proposed for continuous solarizing seawater using a simple method of "immersion-crosslinking-reduction". Among them, hydrophilic melamine foam serves as the supportive framework, immersed with graphene as light absorption material, and hydrophilic sodium alginate polymeric network for fixing graphene sheets and regulating water evaporation enthalpy. As such, MGS solar evaporator can be prepared in a large-area of 0.5 m × 0.5 m at the cost prices as low as $2.91 m−2. The optimized MGS solar evaporator achieves a high water evaporation rate of 2.30 kg m−2h−1 with the photothermal conversion efficiency of 89.2 % under one sun irradiation. In outdoor environments, MGS allows for timely convective/diffusive salt discharge through its macropores, thus allowing for prolonged seawater solarization without obvious solid salt accumulation. Notably, the original seawater can be highly concentrated until all the water evaporates and solid salt precipitates. This developed MGS solar evaporator offers a novel perspective on efficient seawater solarization, conserving both time and land. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A new form of TiO 2 NWs@PDA@nrGO hybrid filler was synthesized using three substances: TiO2 NWs, PDA, and nanosized rGO. • The addition of TiO 2 NWs@PDA@nrGO greatly improved the dielectric constant and actuated strain of silicone rubber. • A new type of cone-type actuator was created through TiO 2 NWs@PDA@nrGO/PDMS composite. Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) have versatile applications in soft robotics, medical devices, and environmental monitoring, making them a highly anticipated area for future applications. On the other hand, developing DEAs exhibiting high strain at low voltages remains challenging. This paper reports a strategy for enhancing the actuating performance of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) at low voltages by preparing a hybrid filler comprised of TiO 2 nanowires (TiO 2 NWs), polydopamine (PDA), and nano-sized reduced graphene oxide (nrGO). This hybrid filler, merging the virtues of these three materials, was added at 15 parts per hundred of rubber (phr), resulting in a 2.3-fold increase in the dielectric permittivity of PDMS while mitigating the increase in loss tangent and enhancing efficiency. Actuators fabricated using this composite exhibited the highest deformation at 10 phr, reaching approximately 27.31 % (at 28 V/µm), representing a remarkable 15.2-fold improvement compared to pure PDMS. Moreover, even at a low voltage of 1.6 V/µm, they displayed a substantial actuated strain of 2 %. This novel strategy for manufacturing hybrid fillers is a promising example of enhancing the performance of DEAs, offering innovative solutions for future technological advancements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • First encapsulated adsorbent hydrogel for water treatment with high recyclability. • Investigation of critical 3D printing parameters for design optimization. • Customized scaffold fabricated to balance the hydrogel exposure and reusability. • Effect of GO addition and crosslinking degree on mechanical robustness was studied. Biopolymeric hydrogels have emerged as promising materials for water treatment; however, they exhibit limitations in terms of mechanical robustness and durability. To address these shortcomings, we implemented several strategies, such as (i) incorporation of graphene oxide (GO) to expand the range of molecular interactions within the hydrogels, (ii) increasing the degree of carrageenan biopolymer crosslinking by elevating the temperature of the ionic crosslinking bath, thereby enhancing the mechanical robustness of the hydrogels, and lastly, (iii) encapsulation of the nanocomposite hydrogels within 3D printed scaffolds to enhance the hydrogel durability. This study introduces the first adsorbent based on encapsulated hydrogels for water treatment, demonstrating a remarkable increase in its reusability, surpassing previous reports by at least 400 %. Through the optimization of the 3D printed scaffold design, we achieved a 140 % increase in the mass of encapsulated hydrogel, and engineered the available surface area to enhance both the durability and the environmental performance of the hydrogels. The addition of GO increased the adsorption capacity to 166.1 mg/g and the storage modulus at 10 Hz to 12.48 kPa, representing a 55 % and 305 % enhancement compared to the neat hydrogel, respectively. Moreover, the higher degree of ionic crosslinking further increased the storage modulus of the hydrogel by 261 %. Increasing the degree of crosslinking resulted in a lower hydrogel swelling ratio, improved chemical stability, and increased the reusability of the hydrogel beads. Hydrogel encapsulation significantly increased the chemical stability and reusability of the adsorbents. More than 90 % of the initial mass of the encapsulated hydrogel remained intact after 20 regeneration cycles. The reported results present a promising avenue toward the industrial-scale application of sustainable and green hydrogels for water treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • LSs complex-enhanced hydrothermal reduction method for LSs/rGO composite aerogel preparation. • LSs/rGO composite aerogel presented excellent mechanical strength and hydrophobicity. • LSs/rGO composite aerogel showed high oil–water separation flux and separation efficiency. Oil-water separation materials have been deeply developed to solve oil spill problems. However, mechanical strength and separation efficiency remain challenging. Based on the electrostatic repulsion, we design and prepare oil-water separation materials to enhance the separation flux and resistance to pressure by adding sodium lignosulphonate nanoparticles (LSs) to the reduced graphene oxide (rGO), followed by surface modification with trimethoxymethylsilane (MTMS). XRD patterns prove the positive action of LSs for improving interlayer spacing of rGO, which contributes to an excellent separation flux (carbon tetrachloride/water, 43209.71 L⋅m-2⋅h-1) of MLNGA. The compressible recovery ability is enhanced to 49.91 kPa under 80 % strain. The MLNGA presents excellent separation efficiency (∼99.12 %) on a continuous oil-water separation device. All these results indicate the outstanding performances and potential of MLNGA in oil–water separation applications. Moreover, this design concept involves electrostatic repulsion and may be promoted to other anionic macromolecules such as sodium alginate, tannic acid, and pectin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Chemically reduced graphene oxide aerogels (rGOAs) for gas-phase separations. • Good selectivity of benzene/cyclohexane separation in the rGOAs. • Shape and size exclusion of cyclohexane from the rGOAs surface. • Kinetics and thermodynamics entangled in the hydrocarbons separation on rGOAs. • Adsorption performance of rGOA dependent on the reductant used for rGOAs synthesis. Efficient separation of benzene and cyclohexane has critical importance for production of commodity chemicals, and is one of the most challenging separations in the industry. Physisorption by recyclable, porous solids has a significant potential in substituting energy-intensive azeotropic or extractive distillation methods. Reduced graphene oxide aerogels (rGOAs) are emerging materials holding great promise for connecting unique properties of 2D graphene with ordinary 3D materials. The benzene/cyclohexane separation on rGOAs self-assembled by the chemical reduction with l -ascorbic acid, sodium bisulphite and (for the first time) sodium dithionite was studied by dynamic gas adsorption methods, and the adsorption performance was analysed in relation to aerogels physicochemical properties. The aerogel reduced with sodium dithionite (rGOA_DTN) had the highest reduction degree and specific surface area (461.2 m2g-1), with the highest contribution of mesopores. It was also the sample with the uppermost uptake of benzene and cyclohexane. The binary component adsorption on rGOA_DTN resulted in the selectivity of the adsorption of benzene over cyclohexane of 2.1. Adsorption-desorption studies demonstrated the excellent thermal stability of the adsorbent in the long-run operation. Because the adsorption capacity did not correlate with the mesopores but with macropores surface area, the selectivity of the adsorption was attributed to the different physicochemical structure of aerogels surface. The benzene molecule interacted strongly by specific C-H···π interactions, while the cyclohexane molecule was excluded from the surface of aerogels because of its shape/size. Results demonstrated that rGOAs can be a versatile and flexible platform for adsorptive gas-phase hydrocarbons separation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The universal strategies of graphene films interfacial modification are concluded. • The research results adhering to "simplicity" concept have been importantly focused. • Strategies to precisely manipulate the interlayer spacing and channels is discussed. • The well-aligned GO films with regularized mass-transfer channels are emphasized. • Potential application and future direction in flexible energy devices are discussed. The advancement of flexible electronics relies heavily on the progress in flexible energy storage device technology, necessitating innovative design in flexible electrode materials. Among numerous potential materials, graphene-based composite films emerge as promising candidates due to their capacity to leverage the superior electrochemical and mechanical properties of graphene flakes. However, the influence of strong van der Waals forces often leads to inevitable agglomeration and self-stacking of adjacent graphene flakes. Consequently, achieving an elaborate control over the interlayer structure of graphene-based composite films becomes imperative to improve their structural stability in electrolytes and enhance charge/electron transfer efficiency. Herein, this review provides a comprehensive overview of diverse interfacial functional modification strategies for graphene and graphene oxide nanoflakes, thereby facilitating the assembly of graphene-based composite films. Additionally, it encompasses a discussion on the universal designs of micro-nanostructures within interlayers. Particularly, the technologies to manipulate, stabilize and orientate the interlayer channels and interlayer spacing are highlighted. These insights serve as an informative reference for the engineering of interlayer structures in graphene-based composite films. Furthermore, the review addresses the potential applications of flexible graphene-based composite films in wearable applications, current challenges, and future directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • We prepared a highly stable and selective electrochemical biosensor for the detection of Cortisol. • Gold nanoparticles incorporated in GO-based MIP can be used for modifying the working GCE surface for the sensing of Cortisol. • The limit of detection was obtained as 0.61 × 10−14 M. • High sensitivity for detecting Cortisol in human blood serum sample. In this work, we report a simple electrochemical biosensor for cortisol (Cor) detection using a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP). MIP was prepared by graft copolymerization method on allylated gold nanoparticle (Au) incorporated carboxylated graphene oxide (allylated Au/GO-COOH) polymerized along with the template molecule Cor. Cor is one of the important corticosteroid hormones in human physiology. Cor, the stress hormone, is a steroid hormone that comes under the class of glucocorticoid hormones and is produced as a part of our body's stress response. This Cor imprinted polymer (Cor-MIP) was chosen to modify the working glassy carbon electrode surface. Thereby developing a highly selective and sensitive electrochemical biosensor. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and Cyclic Voltammetry explored the electrochemical properties of the developed electrochemical biosensor. The investigation reports from the electrochemical studies revealed that the current value increases proportionally with increasing concentration of Cor. This confirmed the excellent electrocatalytic activity of the prepared Cor-MIP based biosensor toward Cor. The nanomaterials as well as the electroactive sites on Cor-MIP together enhancing the electron transfer rate and lower detection. Differential Pulse Voltammetry is used to find the limit of detection and quantification, and were obtained as, 0.61 × 10−14 M and 2.02 × 10−14 M, respectively. With excellent specificity, stability, and selectivity, this newly developed electrochemical biosensor has been successfully used for Cor measurements in human blood serum samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Faster divalent ion transport in ultraviolet-irradiated graphene oxide membranes. • Removal of specific oxygen functional groups improves selective ion transport. • A chromatography-like transport mechanism is proposed for irradiated membranes. Graphene oxide (GO) membranes are promising materials for achieving selective ion permeation in aqueous solutions. However, the swelling of GO laminates, caused by the affinity of water molecules for oxygen-containing groups (OCGs) on GO, significantly limits the practical prospects of GO membranes for selective ion transport and separation applications. Selectively removing OCGs from GO has been shown to decrease the interlayer distance between individual GO sheets, thereby improving the ability of laminate membranes to discriminate between different ions based on a size-exclusion mechanism. In this work, GO reduced through exposure to ultraviolet light (UV-rGO) is shown to display ion transport behavior that raises questions about size-exclusion as the dominant mechanism determining selective ion transport in GO membranes. Notably, smaller monovalent Li+ cations are found to permeate more slowly through UV-rGO membranes than larger divalent metal cations such as Ca2+ and Mg2+. This unexpected behavior results in a 3 – 4 fold improvement in the separation selectivity between these representative cations with UV-rGO compared to pristine GO membranes. Through a joint experimental and theoretical study, we identified the factors influencing selective ion transport through the nanochannels in UV-rGO membranes. We demonstrate that the selective removal of hydroxyl (–OH) groups from the basal planes of GO enhances the interactions of metal cations with functional groups located at the edges of GO, thereby resulting in a lower ratio of free Li+ in solution, rather than stationary Li+ adsorbed onto the surface GO, compared to Ca2+ cations. Based on these results, we propose a separation mechanism analogous to chromatography, which emphasizes the crucial role of different OCGs on GO surfaces in controlling selective ion transport through GO membranes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A series of NIR/glucose stimuli-responsive smart hydrogels with NO/O 2 dual gas-releasing was prepared. • The added rGB and EMn as photothermal agents rapidly kill bacteria through photothermal therapy. • Nanozyme EMn with CAT/ SOD-like activity can scavenge ROS and release O 2 to alleviate hypoxia and oxidative stress. • These hydrogels with NO/O 2 dual gas-releasing property promoted wound contraction and repair. It is still challenging to design stimuli-responsive smart hydrogel dressing to promote bacteria-infected diabetic wound healing from the whole healing stage by intelligently responding to external stimuli or wound microenvironment. In addition, nitric oxide (NO) and oxygen (O 2) have been shown to accelerate diabetic wound healing by promoting angiogenesis and alleviating hypoxia. A series of NIR/glucose stimuli-responsive multifunctional smart hydrogels with NO/O 2 dual gas-releasing properties was designed based on N-carboxyethyl chitosan-grafted-phenylboronic acid (CECP), oxidized dextran (OD), ε-polylysine (EPL)-coated manganese dioxide (EMn), and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/N, N'-di-sec-butyl-N, N'-dinitroso-1,4-phenylenediamine (rGB) via dual dynamic crosslinking to promote bacteria-infected diabetic wound healing. The added rGB and EMn as photothermal agents rapidly kill bacteria through photothermal therapy. Meanwhile, rGB endows CECP/OD/EMn/rGB hydrogels to release NO under NIR stimulation to promote angiogenesis. Nanozyme EMn with catalase (CAT)/superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity can scavenge ROS and release O 2 to alleviate hypoxia and oxidative stress. The phenylboronic acid in CECP forming phenylboronate ester structure endows hydrogel with glucose-controlled release of doxycycline. NIR/glucose stimuli-responsive CECP/OD/EMn/rGB hydrogels with NO/O 2 dual gas-releasing property in a full-thickness skin wound-infected diabetic model reduced the inflammation, promoted wound contraction, collagen deposition, angiogenesis, and alleviated wound hypoxia, providing new ideas for treating bacteria-infected diabetic wounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • An all-carbon-based substrate loaded with N-enriched CDs is developed. • CDs significantly induce the uniform nucleation of Li in the initial plating stage. • The CDs with ordered structure provide fast Li+ transport channels. • CD@RGCCF exhibits decent electrochemical cycling stability and long cycle-life over 5000 h with a small voltage fluctuation of 10.5 mV. Three dimensional (3D) carbon-based current collectors have attracted much attentions as host for Li metal anodes (LMAs) owing to their lightweight, flexible, and wide sources etc. However, the lithiophobic nature of carbon makes it difficult to achieve low nucleation overpotential and dendrite-free Li deposition. Herein, carbon dots (CDs) with nitrogen (N)-rich were introduced to modify carbonized cotton fiber (CCF) coated by reduced graphene oxide (CD@RGCCF). Coating graphene oxide (GO) increases the active site of cotton fiber (CF), which facilitates the growth of CDs on the surface of CF fiber. The introduction of ordered structure CDs drives fast migration of Li+ in the "highway-like" channels and induces the uniform nucleation of Li in the initial stage. As a result, the obtained CD@RGCCF decreases the nucleation overpotential of Li, and achieves dendrite-free Li deposition. the CD@RGCCF|Li half cells exhibit extending cycling life over 5000 h with a voltage hysteresis of 10.5 mV at 2 mA cm−2. As coupled with the LiFePO 4 (LFP), the Li@CD@RGCCF||LFP composite anode enables a high reversible specific capacity and improved cycle stability. This work provides a low-cost modification method for carbon substrate to realize dendritic-free LMAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The synthesis of rGO-PTs 2D/2D nanocomposite involving in-situ functionalization of graphene oxide (GO) with thiophene. • Formation of new bonds observed in FTIR and the reaction mechanism praposed. • The rGO-PTs 2D/2D nanocomposite stacking is proposed through sulphur content depth profiling using XPS. • The rGO-PTs 2D/2D nanocomposite shows specific capacitance retention efficiency of 106 % even after 10000 cycles. In this investigation, we introduce an innovative method for the fabrication of a 2D/2D nanocomposite, involving the in-situ functionalization of graphene oxide (GO) with thiophene monomer. This approach employs a modified surfactant-based bi-solvent swollen liquid crystalline lamellar mesophase (SLCLM) nanoreactor system, utilizing dimethyl sulfoxide and water as primary solvents. The nanocomposite is formed via simultaneous reactions at both the edge and basal plane of GO with thiophene monomers, resulting in polymerization and reduction to generate graphene oxide-polythiophene (rGO-PTs) nanocomposite. We assess the pseudocapacitive properties of rGO-PTs in a 2 M HCl electrolyte. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) investigations reveal distinctive redox curves, indicative of the materials capacitive behaviour. In the galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) study, the rGO-PTs exhibits a discharge duration of 169.50 s within a potential window of −0.2 to 1 V at a current density of 7.5 A/g. This performance corresponds to a significantly higher specific capacitance of 1412 F/g, sustained over 10000 cycles as asymmetric capacitor. Notably, the rGO-PTs nanocomposite retains 106 % of its initial capacitance even after a number cycles, tested at a scan rate of 50 mV/s. The exceptional durability and electrochemical performance of the rGO-PTs nanocomposite position it as a promising alternative to conventional materials such as metals, metal oxides, pure carbonaceous substances, and polymers. The simplicity of the synthesis process, coupled with the nanocomposites outstanding electrochemical characteristics, underscores rGO-PTs potential for advancing in the field of energy storage and supercapacitor technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Bi 2 Te 3 @rGO is synthesized via a facile and simple in-situ solvothermal method. • Bi 2 Te 3 @rGO has excellent rate capability and cyclic stability for SIBs. • The sodium-ion storage mechanism of Bi 2 Te 3 @rGO was investigated by in situ XRD. • The performance degradation of Bi 2 Te 3 was detailed by ex situ and in situ analysis. The development of new anode materials that meet the electrochemical performance requirements for sodium-ion batteries is critical but still significantly challenging. In this study, we synthesized a composite of ultrathin Bi 2 Te 3 nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide (Bi 2 Te 3 @rGO) through an in situ solvothermal reaction. This method enables Bi 2 Te 3 nanoparticles to grow uniformly on the rGO surface, enhancing the electron-transfer rate and providing an excellent barrier against unfavorable reactions during the charging–discharging processes. The sodium-ion storage mechanism of Bi 2 Te 3 @rGO was investigated through in situ X-ray diffraction analysis. Bi 2 Te 3 @rGO was found to demonstrate high sodium-ion storage capacities of 456 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g and 272 mAh/g at a high current density of 5 A/g. This performance improvement is attributed to the contribution of rGO to suppressing the dissolution of polytellurides formed during the Na–Te reaction and the suppression of aggregation and subsequent inactivation of Bi or Te during the charging–discharging process, as revealed by post-cycling in situ and ex situ analyses. These findings offer insights into the sodium-ion storage mechanism of Bi 2 Te 3 and highlight the integration of rGO as a promising strategy for enhancing the electrochemical properties of Bi 2 Te 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Si well-encased by exfoliated GO sheets via synchronal bead milling and thermal reduction. • Robust Si-C conjugation exhibits upgraded reversible capacity and cycle stability. • ReaxFF MD simulations reveal cleavage selectivity and mechanism of Si crystal planes. • Si@C structural evolution and interface reaction clarified by atomic-level exploration. Synchronal comminution via high-energy bead milling not only efficiently pulverizes Si particles and exfoliates graphene oxide (GO) sheets but also facilitates Si surface functionalization and intensify Si-C conjugation. After a thermal reduction, a well-wrapped Si@C anode material can be fabricated for lithium storage. The discharge specific capacities of this Si@C composite sustain at 1110.3 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles at 1 A g−1 and 316.4 mAh g−1 for 800 cycles at 5 A g−1, which are respectively 1.35 and 2.07 times that of its random blended Si/C counterpart. By employing molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with ReaxFF reactive force field to investigate the mechanochemical reactions between Si and GO amidst high-energy milling, an atomic scale portrayal of Si crystal fragmentation and Si-C bonding can be depicted. Analyses focusing on the differential forces exerted on various Si crystal planes, coupled with potential energy (PE) trends, reveal a higher propensity for cleavage in (1 1 1) plane, with (3 1 1) plane followed. Radial distribution function (RDF) outcomes indicate that ball milling leads to substantial disruption of crystalline order in Si particles, generating a plethora of Si dangling bonds. This disruption stimulates the formation of Si O O C, Si O C and Si C bonds at the Si/C interface, thus enhancing the integration of GO with Si substrate. Subsequent thermal reduction processes not only restore the structural order of Si and GO but also consolidate Si/C bonding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A novel aerogel of GO that included spent catalyst generated CNTs was synthesized. • The GO/CNTs aerogel has more phenol adsorption capacity compared to GOA, GO, MGO. • Adsorption parameters were optimized statistically to get maximum phenol removal. • Isotherm and kinetic data modelling were used to predict the adsorption mechanism. Phenol is a well-known organic pollutant that poses a threat to environmental sustainability due to its prevalence in industrial effluents. This chemical is frequently found in industrial waste and can have detrimental effects on ecosystems. In order to address this issue, effective remediation strategies are essential. Carbon-based adsorbents have emerged as a popular solution in current research. These adsorbents have demonstrated exceptional efficiency in removing phenol from water, presenting a promising solution for phenol adsorption and promoting sustainable water management. The current study aims to evaluate the capacity of a novel hybrid aerogel synthesized from spent catalyst-generated carbon nanotubes (GO/CNTs) and graphene oxide (GO). The phenol adsorption efficiency and behavior of GO/CNTs were compared with three different carbon-based adsorbents: graphene oxide (GO), magnetic graphene oxide (MGO), and graphene oxide aerogel (GOA). The adsorption isotherm modeling of experimental data showed that GO/CNTs exhibited the highest phenol adsorption efficiency of 204 mg/g, followed by GOA (141 mg/g), according to the Langmuir isotherm model. The detailed adsorption mechanism was correlated with isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamics datasets, and further validated by in-depth statistical analysis of models, confirming the superior phenol adsorption capacity of the waste-derived hybrid aerogel. This research provides valuable insights into effective phenol removal from wastewater, emphasizing the promising performance of the novel GO/CNTs hybrid aerogel and providing optimized conditions for the adsorption process with statistical significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Description: The F- adsorption mechanisms using gGO-U-50 are expressed in the graphical abstract. [Display omitted] • Granular gGO-U-50 prepared UIO-66/GO/PAM/PVA demonstrated remarkable stability. • gGO-U-50 exhibited the highest F- adsorption capacity (102 mg g−1) and selective F- adsorption. • ATR-FTIR revealed that the highest ratio of Zr-O-C/Zr-O results in the highest F- adsorption capacity. • In-situ SERS showed that Zr-O-C is dominantly utilized for F- adsorption via electrostatic interaction. The UIO-66 type of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) showed excellent performance in water purification, however, the recovery difficulty for powdered UIO-66 remains challenging for the practical applications. Herein, we prepared granular adsorbents (gGO-U-N) derived from a UIO-66/GO composite and granulated them using polyacrylamide (PAM) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymers to improve F- removal capacity. The gGO-U-N resulted in C 24 O 16 Zr 3 lattice contraction, improving the Coulomb interactions in Zr4+ for better F- interaction. Consequently, gGO-U-50 with 50 % (w/w) of UIO-66 mass ratio showed a higher F- adsorption capacity (102 mg g−1) than powdered UIO-66 (67 mg g−1), exhibiting high synergistic factor (f syn = 2.1) for F- adsorption. Additionally, gGO-U-50 exhibited stable adsorption capability over a wide pH range and higher F- adsorption selectivity than gGO. Based on time-lapse Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflection, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and in situ Raman spectroscopic analysis, the Zr-O-C bond on gGO-U-50 was found to serve as the dominant F- sorption site, while the carbon–oxygen and amine groups contributed a minor portion for F- removal. Notably, the gGO-U-50 exhibited the F- water treatment cost of 1621.6 mg-F $-1, which is approximately 3 times cost-effective than the UIO-66 (632.07 mg-F $-1). Fixed-bed column experiments demonstrated that gGO-U-50 exhibited a higher F- adsorption capability (6.34 mg g−1) than other reported granular adsorbents, revealing that gGO-U-50 has the potential for F- remediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Novel FeS 2 -TiO 2 @2-MeIm/PPy/GO nanosheets were successfully prepared. • The good electrocatalytic activity towards NOR was achieved. • FeS 2 -TiO 2 as the catalytic center was finally irreversibly converted to Fe and S ions doped TiO 2. Electrochemical nitrogen oxidation reaction (NOR) acts as a clean and sustainable approach for promisingly replacing the conventional industrial method for producing nitrate. Designing and preparing the effective electrocatalysts for NOR has aroused great research interests. Herein, FeS 2 -TiO 2 heterostructures are well-dispersed on the surface of 2-methylimidazolium functionalized polypyrrole/graphene oxide (2-MeIm/PPy/GO) by the in situ growth due to the ion-exchange and the coordination between the 2-MeIm groups and the metal precursors, which exhibit the excellent NOR electroactivity. The highest NO 3 – yield by the obtained FeS 2 -TiO 2 @2-MeIm/PPy/GO reaches to 137.04 μg h−1 mg-1 act. with the maximum Faradic efficiency (FE) of 4.38 % at 2.04 V (vs. RHE), better than most reported electrocatalysts. The good selectivity for producing nitrate is also achieved, but the stability of both the NO 3 – yield and FE present a trend of rising and then declining in the cyclic test of FeS 2 -TiO 2 @2-MeIm/PPy/GO. The irreversible conversion of the electrocatalysts can be confirmed through detailed characterization towards the crystal structures and chemical states of FeS 2 -TiO 2 @2-MeIm/PPy/GO after long term NOR test. The electrochemical step of NOR mainly occurs at FeS 2 , converting the inert N 2 to active *NO intermediates. SO 4 2- generated at high NOR potential gradually increase by the oxidation of S element, which can cause the promotion of the NOR performance before the fourth cycle. But along with the disappearance of FeS 2 phase, FeS 2 -TiO 2 as the catalytic center is finally irreversibly converted to Fe and S ions doped TiO 2 , resulting in the sharp drop of both the NO 3 – yield and FE at the sixth cycle. This work will provide valuable guidance for the designing and preparing NOR electrocatalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internet of Things (IoT) and miniaturized devices have catalyzed the pursuit of progressive power systems characterized micro-size and high energy density. However, conventional batteries, typically adopting immobilized cylindrical or rectangular shapes, struggle to meet these demands. Herein, we propose a 3D printing strategy to build interdigital lithium-sulfur micro-batteries with enhanced areal energy density. By infusing lithium in 3D printed porous reduced graphene oxide architectures, dendrite-free lithium metal micro-electrodes in customized interdigital and spiral shapes are achieved. Lithium-symmetric micro-battery yields a remarkable 1200-hour lifetime and low overpotential (35 mV). Coupled with shape-matched sulfur micro-cathodes, the interdigital full batteries exhibit two times the areal energy densities of traditional lithium-ion batteries (7.58 mWh cm−2 vs. ∼ 3.0 mWh cm−2). This suggests the potential of 3D printed micro-batteries as promising power sources for on-chip electronic devices and integrated circuit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A H 2 -realeasing MN patch realeases hydrogen at the deep site of diabetic wound continually. • Self-responsive H 2 -releasing microneedle patch accelerates diabetic wound healing by sequential action of H 2 and Co2+. • Sequential release of H 2 and Co2+ is achieved through the interaction of the microneedle and the backing. • An MN patch achieving integration and spatiotemporal control of antibacterial, ROS regulation, and proangiogenic functions. Oxidative stress regulation and synchronized promotion of angiogenesis are critical factors in the healing process of diabetic wounds. However, existing research often fails to fully consider the dynamic interplay between these two biological processes and their time-dependent roles in diabetic wound healing. This study innovatively introduces a novel hydrogen (H 2)-releasing microneedle patch capable of precisely controlling the regulation of oxidative stress and the promotion of angiogenesis through a bidirectional responsive mechanism of microneedles and backing layers. Specifically, we employ ammonia borane (AB)-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) as a source of H 2 , combined with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) to fabricate microneedles. This design effectively clears excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) in deep tissues and promotes the M2 polarization of macrophages. Concurrently, we utilize cobalt-adsorbed graphene oxide (GO/Co2+) mixed with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to prepare backing layers, which not only release Co2+ upon the reduction of oxygen-containing functional groups in GO by H 2 diffused from deep tissues to synergize with H 2 for enhanced vascularization, but also endow the microneedle patch with near-infrared (NIR) light-responsive antimicrobial properties, crucial for managing diabetic infected wounds. Through this innovative dual-action mechanism, our research significantly accelerates the healing process of infected wounds in a diabetic mouse model. Moreover, single-cell sequencing results further confirm the pivotal role of H 2 in regulating oxidative stress, promoting macrophage M2 polarization, and stimulating angiogenesis. These results not only showcase the unique features of our microneedle patch but also offer new perspectives and therapeutic strategies for the treatment of diabetic wounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]