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An examination of several catalytic reactions among the group 15 elements is presented. The connections between the chemistry of the pnictogens can sometimes be challenging, but aspects of metal–pnictogen reactivity are the key. The connecting reactivity comes from metal-catalyzed transformations such as dehydrocoupling and hydrofunctionalization. Pivotal mechanistic insights from E–N heterodehydrocoupling have informed the development of highly active catalysts for these reactions. Metal–amido nucleophilicity is often at the core of this reactivity, which diverges from phosphine and arsine dehydrocoupling. Nucleophilicity connects to the earliest understanding of hydrophosphination catalysis, but more recent catalysts are leveraging enhanced insertion activity through photolysis. This photocatalysis extends to hydroarsination, which may also have more metal–arsenido nucleophilicity than anticipated. However, metal-catalyzed arsinidene chemistry foreshadowed related phosphinidene chemistry by years. This examination shows the potential for greater influence of individual discoveries and understanding to leverage new advances between these elements, and it also suggests that the chemistry of heavier elements may have more influence on what is possible with lighter elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We synthesized a palladium–ruthenium–boron (Pd–Ru–B) solid-solution ternary alloy. Elemental mappings confirmed successful alloying of B with Pd–Ru body without changing the particle sizes, demonstrating the first discovery of this ternary alloy. Pair distribution function analysis revealed a drastic decrease in atomic correlation in Pd–Ru nanoparticles by B doping. This result gives the first example of structural transformation from crystalline to amorphous in solid-solution alloy nanoparticles induced by the doping of light elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mesoporous carbon derived from natural vitamin B12 is applied for the first time in organic synthesis and exhibits exceptionally high dual activity for imine formation via the cross-coupling of alcohols with amines and the self-coupling of primary amines using molecular oxygen or air as the terminal oxidant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two porous nets have been prepared via a 2-step crystal engineering approach that links decorated trigonal prismatic [Cr3(μ3-O)(CO2)6] and [Cu3(μ3-Cl)(RNH2)6Cl6] molecular building blocks, MBBs. tp-PMBB-5-acs-1 is a rare example of a rigid acs underlying net whereas tp-PMBB-6-stp-1, an stp underlying net, exhibits free NH2 groups in its channels and a relatively high isosteric heat of adsorption for CO2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon nanoparticle supported Au nanoparticles could be synthesized starting with a Au nanoparticle-chitosan composite. The composite nanoparticles efficiently converted phenylboronic acid to biphenyl through homocoupling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel aldehyde-bearing trithiocarbonate has been synthesized and reacted with carbon nanostructures with different dimensionalities (nanotubes, fullerenes, graphite). The decoration of these carbon nanostructures with trithiocarbonate moieties should provide a powerful tool for the design of advanced carbon nanofillers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A facile and green approach for the synthesis of amphibious fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) from natural polysaccharide is reported. Light-emitting polymer nanocomposites with excellent optical performance can be easily prepared by incorporation of the amphibious CDs into the polymer matrix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Divalent silver is stabilized in concentrated sulphuric acid and oleums. The formal redox potential of the Ag(ii)/Ag(i) redox pair is markedly dependent on the Hammett acidity function and it reaches +2.90 V vs. NHE in 33% oleum thus rivalling E° for the F2/2F− redox pair (+2.87 V). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hierarchical nanoporous nitrogen-doped carbons were prepared from task specific ionic liquids having a bis-imidazolium motif linked with various organic groups. While ethyl chains linking the imidazolium ions afforded microporous–mesoporous carbons, long or aromatic groups resulted in microporous samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel strategy for designing ultrathin polypyrrole skin-coated carbon nanotube (CNT) nanohybrids is demonstrated by vapor deposition polymerization (VDP). The ultrathin skin technology provides a stable immobilization of the mono-disperse Pd nanoparticles (NPs) on the CP–CNT nanohybrid surface, leading to a high-performance hydrogen gas sensor at room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Homogeneous nanocomposites of nanocrystalline Li2MnSiO4 and carbon as well as a carbon nanotubes-embedded nanocomposite are synthesized directly by a novel method using organic–inorganic hybrid polymers which consist of covalently bonded phenolic oligomer and siloxane parts. The nanocomposites show superior charge–discharge performance at room temperature in spite of low carbon contents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bicyclic diboron species 1 was generated with high selectivity by a combination of boron carbon bond formation and hydrogen iodide elimination events. The nature of the boracycle 1 was evaluated using X-ray diffraction, NMR spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A tag-and-modify strategy allows the practical synthesis of homogenous fluorinated glyco-amino acids, peptides and proteins carrying a fluorine label in the sugar and allows access to first examples of directly radiolabelled ([18F]-glyco)proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We herein report the investigation of N@C60exposed to laser flash excitation to exhibit the acceleration of the decay of (N@C60)* by the encased N atom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple and facile method was developed to prepare fluorescent carbon nanocrystals (CNCs) with low cytotoxicity and no photobleaching, by electrooxidation of graphite in aqueous solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three-component coupling of bis(dialkylamino)chloroborane, alkynes and organozirconium reagents proceeded in the presence of palladium catalysts, leading to the formation of stereo-defined alkenylborane derivatives via cis-carboboration of carbon–carbon triple bonds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

V2O5 nanofilms (NFs) uniformly distributed on N-doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exhibit significantly stable capacitive performance; the synthesized composites are promising as an instantaneous power supply in consumer electronics or electrical vehicles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The enantioselective BINOL-phosphate catalyzed formation of a quaternary carbon center, bearing a N-atom has been achieved through the self-coupling reaction of enamides; the corresponding products have been isolated in up to >99% ee and their application for the synthesis of versatile synthetic building blocks—β-aminoketones—has been demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We previously found that polysaccharide “schizophyllan (SPG)” can entrap as-grown and cut single-walled carbon nanotubes (as-SWNTs and c-SWNTs, respectively): we here reported that the c-SWNT–s-SPG (single stranded SPG) composites thus obtained can be aligned regularly using the covalent bond formation between boric acid or boronic acid derivatives and the 4,6-dihydroxyl group of the glucose side-chain unit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This communication describes the reaction chemistry of singlet oxygen in supercritical carbon dioxide, demonstrating rapid and quantitative conversion of α-terpinene to ascaridole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A cationic rhodium(i)/(R)-H8-BINAP or (R)-Segphos complex catalyzes an intramolecular [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of unsymmetrical dienynes, leading to fused tri- and tetracyclic cyclohexenes bearing two tertiary or quaternary carbon centers in high yields with high enantio- and diastereoselectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The enantioselective Pd-catalyzed allylation reaction of fluorinated allyl enol carbonates is presented; a key feature of this transformation is the important effect of the ligand-to-palladium ratio on the enantioselectivity of the α-fluoroketones, since using a ligand excess (L/Pd ratio = 1.25 : 1) led to moderate results (30–76% ee), while using a L/Pd ratio <1 : 1.67 (to as low as 1 : 4) allowed the desired products to be obtained with high enantiopurity (up to 94% ee). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new polymer with an alternating germanium-carbon backbone has been synthesized from 1,1-dimesitylneopentylgermene via addition polymerization using an anionic initiator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

1,1,3,3-Tetrakis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)propane was found as an excellent Brønsted acid catalyst for the Mukaiyama–Michael reaction of α,β-enones with 2-silyloxyfurans; using β,β-disubstituted enones as a Michael acceptor, an excellent yield construction of quaternary carbon centers could be achieved; in addition, very low catalyst loading of Brønsted acid was used in a range from 0.05 to 1.0 mol%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first catalytic intra- and intermolecular [2+2+1] cocyclization reactions of allenes and carbon monoxide have been developed. In the Co2Rh2 heterobimetallic nanoparticle-catalyzed carbonylative [2+2+1] cycloaddition of allenes and carbon monoxide, the allenes formally serve both as an excellent alkene- and alkyne-like moiety within a Pauson–Khand-type process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The remarkably distinct reactivity of hydridozinc heterobimetallic cubanes [(HZnOtBu)4−n(thf·LiOtBu)n] 1a–1d towards CO2 is reported—the hydride transfer from Zn–H to CO2 is drastically accelerated in the presence of Li ions in 1b–1d which led to the respective metal formate hydrates; the systems are inspiring models for the selective conversion of water gas into formates on lithium-promoted ZnO supports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report a rapid and efficient procedure to functionalize SWNT where free radicals generated at room temperature by a redox reaction between reduced SWNT and diacyl peroxide derivatives were covalently attached to the SWNT wall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sidewall functionalisation of carbon nanotubes using the standard nitric acid treatment can be greatly enhanced by first removing the amorphous carbon present in the sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The synthesis of the stereospecifically fluorinated difluoro- and trifluoro- rac-3 and rac-4 is described where the fluorine atoms are positioned adjacent/vicinal to each other and the physical characteristics of these candidate liquid crystals including negative dielectric anisotropy are measured and rationalised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bismesitylmagnesium has been established as an accessible, practical, convenient, and non-nucleophilic carbon-centred base reagent for efficient access to silyl enol ethers from a series of ketone substrates at readily utilisable temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oriented arrays of both rutile and anatase nanorods have been synthesised in a two-stage process, employing multi-walled carbon nanotubes as the initial structural template. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A dense layer of amorphous carbon nanofibers was fabricated by pyrolyzing a thin film of polyimide using a monolayer of gold nanoparticles as a catalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanofibrous LaMnO3 can be immobilized on macrostructured materials using carbon nanofibers as templates; their application as macro-nanostructured catalysts are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In advanced studies directed toward the total synthesis of the kedarcidin chromophore, we have successfully achieved the late-stage installation of the nine-membered diyne ring in the presence of the highly functionalised ansamacrocyclic bridge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highly ordered mesoporous carbon with cubic Im3m symmetry has been synthesized successfully via a direct carbonization of self-assembled F108 (EO132PO50EO132) and resorcinol–formaldehyde (RF) composites obtained in a basic medium of nonaqueous solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]