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Juliomys ossitenuis Costa, Pavan, Leite and Fagundes, 2007 was previously known in Brazil from the Atlantic Forest of the Southeastern Region to the Dense Ombrophilous Forest and Araucaria Forest of the Southern Region. The new record from Chapecó, in Santa Catarina state, confirmed by morphological and cytogenetic analyses, extends its distribution about 300 km westwards. This is the westernmost record for the species, in a region characterized by the transition between deciduous and Araucaria forests.

We report the first record of Furipterus horrens (Cuvier, 1828) in the state of Paraná, southern Brazil. A male specimen was captured using a harp trap in the entrance of a cave in the Parque Municipal Gruta do Bacaetava. The morphometric data and morphological characters of the specimen are within the known range documented for this species. This new record fills a gap in the known distribution of F. horrens and provides potentially valuable information that can be used to plan conservation measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report the rediscovery of the hummingbird Heliodoxa rubricauda (Boddaert, 1783) in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul after nearly 130 years without confirmed records. We captured 3 males and 1 female, and found 2 other birds (including an immature) at 3 sites in the municipalities of São Francisco de Paula and Cambará do Sul, in the northeast of the state. All records were at the top of the Southern Brazilian Plateau escarpment, at altitudes of about 900 m and near the southern limit of the Atlantic Forest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted in Araucaria Forest remnants in the municipality of Colombo, eastern Paraná state, Brazil. Data on species occurrence, life forms and dispersal syndromes were collected once a week along a 9 km transect, revealing the presence of 512 species among trees (n = 135), shrubs (n = 121), herbs (n = 157), climbers (n = 70), epiphytes (n = 24) and hemiparasites (n = 5). Of 469 species classified according to dispersal syndromes, 42.4% were zoochoric, 33.6% autochoric and 23.8% anemochoric. The high richness observed, the highest among similar studies previously conducted in the Araucaria Forest, along with the occurrence of endangered species of trees (and mammals), indicates that the study area is an important remnant for biodiversity conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is the first record for the tarantula Vitalius longisternalis Bertani, 2001 in Parana and Araucaria Forests, Misiones province, northeastern Argentina. Specimens were found at Iguazú National Park and Urugua-í Wildlife Reserve. Data on its natural history is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bibimys is a genus still poorly known in its basic aspects, such as systematics, natural history and geographic distribution. In Brazil, only Bibimys labiosus is recorded, with occasional records spread in time and space. This paper presents four new localities of the species in Araucaria Forest, Parana state, extending its distribution 150 km southwards. Additionally, a map of the known distribution of the species in Brazil and in Araucaria Forest is provided. The records point toward the lack of knowledge about basic aspects of the small non-flying mammal fauna in the plateau regions of Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Juliomys ossitenuis was previously known from the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil, where it occurs in Dense Ombrophilous Forest. The record of the species in Floresta Nacional de Piraí do Sul, in Paraná state, confirmed by morphological and cytogenetic analyses, extends its distribution about 200 km southwards. This is the first record of the species in the state and in an area of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest (Araucaria Forest). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A floristic survey was carried out in a contact area between Araucaria Forest and Seasonal Forest areas, in the municipality of Guaraciaba, Far West of Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil. We provide a checklist containing 108 species and 42 plant families for the area. Families with the most encountered number of species were Myrtaceae (eight species), Solanaceae (eight), Euphorbiaceae (seven) and Poaceae (six). Two species are classified as endangered of extinction, following IUCN criteria. An analysis using UPGMA algorithm and species composition comparisons using additional 6 areas of Araucaria Forest and 6 areas of Seasonal Forest showed its greater relationship to other Araucaria Forest areas, but also the influence of the adjacent Seasonal Forest areas in the floristic composition of the surveyed area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]