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Introduction. This study was conducted to explore the effects of the bell-shaped Horizon prostatic stent on sexual function in the treatment of patients with LUTS/ BPH. Materials and methods. 108 Patients with LUTS/BPH were prospectively enrolled in the study. All stents were inserted in an outpatient setting under local anesthesia. To assess sexual function, the 15 item International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire was used. A comparison was made between the total score of the IIEF and the different domains (erectile function (EF), orgasmic function (OF), sexual desire (SD), intercourse satisfaction (IS), and overall satisfaction (OS)) at baseline, one month, and three months after placement of stents. In addition, patients were given the general assessment question "have you experienced any retrograde or painful ejaculations?". Results. At baseline, one patient complained of painful ejaculations (1%). After one month, four (4%) patients complained of painful and two (2%) complained of retrograde ejaculations. A statistically significant decline in the mean OF and IS scores was found. After three months, the IS score significantly improved and the decrease in the OF was smaller than after one month. However, the number of patients reporting painful and retrograde ejaculation was again higher than at baseline (three (4%) and five (7%) percent respectively). There was no change in the total IIEF score or the other subscores of the IIEF at one and three month(s). Conclusion. The bell-shaped Horizon prostatic stent had a negative influence on OF, which did not improve with time. The first month after stent placement, IS was lower than at baseline. After three months however, IS significantly improved compared to baseline. The stent did not negatively affect the total IIEF score or the other domains of the IIEF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contemporary surgical management for both neurogenic and non-neurogenic urge incontinence is augmentation cystoplasty. Augmentation cystoplasty aims at increasing bladder capacity by incorporating either autologous (intestinal segments, ureter) or heterologous tissue (manufactured materials) as patches into the native bladder. This review will address the issue of complications that are related to the use of different intestinal segments in bladder augmentation procedures. When possible, we will try to provide a time frame of the most important early and late complications as well as their prevention and managemen Augmentation cystoplasty was first described in 1888 when Tizzoni and Foggi augmented the bladder of a dog by connecting an ileal loop to the bladder neck [1]. Enterocystoplasty, first performed in humans by von Mikulicz in 1899 was popularized by Couvelaire in the 50's originally for the treatment of small contracted tuberculous bladders [2, 3]. Bladder augmentation cystoplasty procedures were later introduced as surgical alternatives for cases of refractory detrusor overactivity and related urgency incontinence as well as for patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction resulting from myelomeningocele, bladder exstrophy, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, and myelodysplasia [4, 5]. The introduction of clean intermittent self catheterization was instrumental in broadening the applicability of bladder augmentation techniques for patients incapable of spontaneous voiding. The rationale in augmentation cystoplasty is that by dividing a poorly compliant, small capacity bladder and interpositioning an intestinal segment it is possible to create a bladder with an increased functional capacity and a lower end filling pressure. On the other hand there is no doubt that resolution to surgery that involves the transposition of intestinal segments into the urinary tract (eg. augmentation enterocystoplasty) is a procedure that is accompanied by significant associated risks and complications. Bladder augmentation is an invasive procedure that involves discontinuation of the intestinal tract and incorporation of a segment of bowel or ureter into the bladder. As a result complications inherent to this procedure are not limited to those that are common to any abdominal surgery but also those that result from both the disruption of the gastrointestinal tract, and the interposition of different types of bowel into the urinary tract. This article aims to be a non-structured review on the complications following bladder augmentation procedures for the treatment of urgency urinary incontinence. Towards that end we reviewed all available databases, including Pubmed and Medline, for publications in the English language. The search terms "bladder Department of Urology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands augmentation", "augmentation cystoplasty", "urgency incontinence", "enterocystoplasty", "complications", and "neurogenic bladder dysfunction" were tracked for in various combinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]