1. Rapid decline in vaccine-boosted neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant
- Author
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Kirsten E. Lyke, Angela R. Branche, Hana M. El Sahly, Christina A. Rostad, Judith M. Martin, Christine Johnston, Richard E. Rupp, Mark J. Mulligan, Rebecca C. Brady, Robert W. Frenck, Martín Bäcker, Robert L. Atmar, Angelica C. Kottkamp, Tara M. Babu, Kumaravel Rajakumar, Srilatha Edupuganti, David Dobrzynski, Rhea N. Coler, Janet I. Archer, Sonja Crandon, Jillian A. Zemanek, Elizabeth R. Brown, Clara Dominguez Islas, Kathleen M. Neuzil, David S. Stephens, Diane J. Post, Seema U. Nayak, Mehul S. Suthar, Paul C. Roberts, John H. Beigel, David C. Montefiori, Jennifer S. Husson, Angie Price, Christine M. Posavad, Jennifer A. Whitaker, Wendy A. Keitel, Ann R. Falsey, Ian Shannon, Daniel Graciaa, Nadine Rouphael, Evan J. Anderson, Satoshi Kamidani, Gysella B. Muniz, Sonika Bhatnagar, Daniel Szydlo, Anna Wald, Megan Berman, Laura Porterfield, Amber Stanford, Jennifer Lee Dong, Steven E. Carsons, Diana Badillo, Susan Parker, Michelle Dickey, Sasha E. Larsen, Rahul Paul Chourdhury, John Hural, Brian Ingersoll, Marina Lee, Lilin Lai, Katharine Floyd, Madison Ellis, Kathryn M. Moore, Kelly Manning, Stephanie L. Foster, Mit Patel, Meagan E. Deming, Amanda Eaton, and Lisa A. Jackson
- Subjects
Vaccines, Synthetic ,Ad26COVS1 ,SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,Humans ,Viral Vaccines ,RNA, Messenger ,mRNA Vaccines ,Antibodies, Viral ,Antibodies, Neutralizing ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology - Abstract
The Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) exhibits reduced susceptibility to vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies, requiring a boost to generate protective immunity. We assess the magnitude and short-term durability of neutralizing antibodies after homologous and heterologous boosting with mRNA and Ad26.COV2.S vaccines. All prime-boost combinations substantially increase the neutralization titers to Omicron, although the boosted titers decline rapidly within 2 months from the peak response compared with boosted titers against the prototypic D614G variant. Boosted Omicron neutralization titers are substantially higher for homologous mRNA vaccine boosting, and for heterologous mRNA and Ad26.COV2.S vaccine boosting, compared with homologous Ad26.COV2.S boosting. Homologous mRNA vaccine boosting generates nearly equivalent neutralizing activity against Omicron sublineages BA.1, BA.2, and BA.3 but modestly reduced neutralizing activity against BA.2.12.1 and BA.4/BA.5 compared with BA.1. These results have implications for boosting requirements to protect against Omicron and future variants of SARS-CoV-2. This trial was conducted under ClincalTrials.gov: NCT04889209.
- Published
- 2022