1. SARS-CoV-2 infection prior to vaccination amplifies Fc-mediated humoral profiles in an age-dependent manner.
- Author
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Jung W, Abdelnour A, Kaplonek P, Herrero R, Shih-Lu Lee J, Barbati DR, Chicz TM, Levine KS, Fantin RC, Loria V, Porras C, Lauffenburger DA, Gail MH, Aparicio A, Hildesheim A, Alter G, and McNamara RP
- Subjects
- Humans, Adult, Middle Aged, Aged, Female, Male, Immunoglobulin G immunology, Immunoglobulin G blood, Age Factors, Receptors, Fc immunology, Receptors, Fc metabolism, Killer Cells, Natural immunology, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus immunology, Receptors, IgG metabolism, Receptors, IgG immunology, Young Adult, Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments immunology, Neutrophils immunology, COVID-19 immunology, COVID-19 prevention & control, COVID-19 virology, SARS-CoV-2 immunology, Antibodies, Viral immunology, Antibodies, Viral blood, Immunity, Humoral immunology, Vaccination, COVID-19 Vaccines immunology, COVID-19 Vaccines administration & dosage
- Abstract
Immunity acquired by vaccination following infection, termed hybrid immunity, has been shown to confer enhanced protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by enhancing the breadth and potency of immune responses. Here, we assess Fc-mediated humoral profiles in hybrid immunity and their association with age and vaccine type. Participants are divided into three groups: infection only, vaccination only, and vaccination following infection (i.e., hybrid immunity). Using systems serology, we profile humoral immune responses against spikes and subdomains of SARS-CoV-2 variants. We find that hybrid immunity is characterized by superior Fc receptor binding and natural killer (NK) cell-, neutrophil-, and complement-activating antibodies, which is higher than what can be expected from the sum of the vaccination and infection. These differences between hybrid immunity and vaccine-induced immunity are more pronounced in aged adults, especially for immunoglobulin (Ig)G1, IgG2, and Fcγ receptor-binding antibodies. Our findings suggest that vaccination strategies that aim to mimic hybrid immunity should consider age as an important modifier., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests G.A. is currently an employee of Moderna Therapeutics and holds equity in Leyden Labs and Seromyx Systems. P.K. is currently an employee of Moderna Therapeutics. J.S.-L.L. is currently an employee of Moderna Therapeutics., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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