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Abstract Background The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been linked to the onset, progression, and prognosis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in middle-aged and elderly individuals. Nevertheless, the relationship between the TyG index and impaired cardiovascular fitness (CVF) remains unexplored in non-diabetic young population. Methods We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) study (1999–2004) to conduct a cross-sectional study of 3364 participants who completed an examination of CVF. Impaired CVF was defined as low and moderate CVF levels determined by estimated maximal oxygen consumption (Vo2max), based on sex- and age-specific criteria. The TyG index was calculated by $$Ln[TG(mg/dL)\times FPG(mg/dl)/2]$$ L n [ T G ( m g / d L ) × F P G ( m g / d l ) / 2 ] . Results The age (median with interquartile range) of the study population was 28 (19–37) years, and the TyG index (median ± standard deviation) was 8.36 ± 0.52. A significant association between the TyG index and impaired CVF was found in multivariable logistical regression analysis (per 1-unit increase in the TyG index: OR, 1.46; 95% Cl 1.13–1.90). A dose‒response relationship between the TyG index and impaired CVF was presented by restricted cubic splines (RCS). A significant interaction (p = 0.027) between sex and the TyG index for impaired CVF was found in the population aged

Abstract Background The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been evaluated as a reliable surrogate for insulin resistance (IR) and has been proven to be a predictor of poor outcomes in patients with cardiovascular diseases. However, data are lacking on the relationship of the TyG index with prognosis in nondiabetic patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Thus, the purpose of our current study was to investigate the potential value of the TyG index as a prognostic indicator in patients without diabetes mellitus (DM) after CABG. Methods This multicenter, retrospective cohort study involving 830 nondiabetic patients after CABG from 3 tertiary public hospitals from 2014 to 2018. Kaplan–Meier survival curve analysis was conducted followed by the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to explore the association between the TyG index and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). The incremental predictive power of the TyG index was evaluated with C-statistics, continuous net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI). Results An incrementally higher TyG index was associated with an increasingly higher cumulative incidence of MACEs (log-rank test, p

Abstract Background Elevated serum uric acid (SUA) is regarded as a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a novel surrogate for insulin resistance (IR), has been proven to be an independent predictor for adverse cardiac events. However, no study has specifically focused on the interaction between the two metabolic risk factors. Whether combining the TyG index and SUA could achieve more accurate prognostic prediction in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains unknown. Methods This was a multicenter, retrospective cohort study. A total of 1225 patients who underwent CABG were included in the final analysis. The patients were grouped based on the cut-off value of the TyG index and the sex-specific criteria of hyperuricemia (HUA). Cox regression analysis was conducted. The interaction between the TyG index and SUA was estimated using relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion (AP), and synergy index (SI). The improvement of model performance yielded by the inclusion of the TyG index and SUA was examined by C-statistics, net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI). The goodness-of-fit of models was evaluated using the Akaike information criterion (AIC), Bayesian information criterion (BIC) and χ2 likelihood ratio test. Results During follow-up, 263 patients developed major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). The independent and joint associations of the TyG index and SUA with adverse events were significant. Patients with higher TyG index and HUA were at higher risk of MACE (Kaplan–Meier analysis: log-rank P

Abstract Background The triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index is known as a reliable alternative marker of insulin resistance (IR), which has been regarded as a predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, whether TyG index can predict the risk and occurrence of CVD in non-diabetic population remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to explore the association between the TyG index and cardiovascular risk factors and to clarify the prognostic value of the TyG index for CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke in non-diabetic general population in Eastern China. Methods A total of 6095 cases without diagnosed diabetes and CVD were included. The TyG index was calculated as ln (fasting triglyceride [mg/dL] × fasting glucose [mg/dL]/2) and the participants were divided into 4 groups according to the TyG index quartiles (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4). The primary outcome was CVD, including CHD and stroke. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to investigate the association between the TyG index and the risk of CVD. Results During the 10-year follow-up, 357 (5.9%) participants of CVD, 224 (3.7%) participants of CHD and 151 (2.5%) participants of stroke were observed. The incidence of CVD increased with the TyG index quartiles. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the hazard ratios [95% confidence interval (CI)] in Q4 group were respectively 1.484 (1.074–2.051) for CVD, 1.687 (1.105–2.575) for CHD and 1.402 (0.853–2.305) for stroke compared to Q1 group. Moreover, adding the TyG index to models with traditional risk factors yielded a significant improvement in discrimination and reclassification of incident CVD and CHD. Conclusions The TyG index is associated with cardiovascular risk factors and can be used as a useful, low-cost predictive marker for CVD and CHD risk in non-diabetic population.

Abstract Background Premature coronary artery disease (PCAD) has become more common in recent years and is often associated with poor outcomes. Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a simple and reliable surrogate for insulin resistance (IR) and is an independent predictor of cardiovascular prognosis. However, the prognostic value of the TyG index in patients with PCAD remains uncertain. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the prognostic value and predictive performance of the TyG index in patients with PCAD. Methods A total of 526 young subjects (male