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Heart failure (HF) is a clinical state resulting in impaired cardiac function and structural changes of the heart muscle causing an insufficient oxygen-tissue supply and metabolically impairment. Our aim is to present and evaluate the implantation of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) from a nurse point of view. Congestive heart failure is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Europe. Left ventricular assist devices have revolutionized the treatment of end-stage heart failure. Its powerful therapeutic approach in acute and chronic heart failure is due to the fact that lowering of left ventricular volume by increasing left ventricular output increases organ perfusion, improves oxygen supply of organs by maintaining adequate minute volume.1 Every patient who is suffering from heart failure should be examined by a cardiologist to evaluate the stage of heart failure and decide about adequate treatment options. Treatment modalities as well as the prognosis depends on the stage of heart failure and clinical condition. Every patient goes through an extensive diagnostic process. The left ventricular assist device has two optional implant strategies, one considering LVAD as “bridge to transplant” or “bridge to recovery” and the second considering LVAD as long term therapy. When it is determined that the patient is suitable for LVAD implantation he and his family undergo a specific training for managing the implanted device. This training is consisted of education prior and after LVAD implantation. Prior implantation, education consists of informing the patient and his family about benefits and risks of cardiac device implantation as well as explaining what it means living with a heart pump, dependents on mechanical device, everyday issues and concerns, changes in the surface of the body, dealing with cables, portable pump-batteries, possible infections and alarms, changes in quality of life and self-responsibility. After surgery patients are transferred to intensive care unit where it is important to monitor hemodynamic and pump parameters as well as signs of skin infection at the cable surrounding. After implantation of LVAD, recovery seems to depend on patients acceptance of a new body device. For better outcomes, early self-care is being encouraged. The role of the nurse is to prepare the patient for discharge from the hospital by educating the patient about all consistent parts of the pump (control system, battery, battery charger, power supply module, driveline) and managing proper skin hygiene. Another unavoidable issue is the unceasing necessity of anticoagulant therapy (avoiding ischemic events) as well as regular coagulation and volume monitoring.2 Patients healthcare, after implantation of a cardiac assist device, is nowadays still a challenging venture. The advisory role of the nurse an individual approach and sensibility for noticing and preventing potential risks makes the nurse a link between the entire medical team, the patient and his family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aortal stenosis is quiet often valvular disease, especially in elderly people. The gold standard in medical treatment is surgical aortal valvular replacement.1 Although, people of advanced age and with multiple comorbidities often have high surgical risk. That is the main reason why TAVI procedure is developed as optimal treatment in that category of patients. TAVI is less invasive and have less perioperative risk than classical cardiosurgical procedure.2The role of medical nurse is very important in all aspects of medical care. The nurse has important role in coordination with multidisciplinary team before TAVI procedure and later in education of the patients and family members. Although TAVI procedure is less invasive, the postprocedural treatment is demanding and quiet complicated. It is very important to monitor hemodynamic status and taking into considerations all the comorbidities. Early mobilization and complications are important aspects in medical care. Whereas some patients have diastolic dysfunction and hypertrophic left ventricle it is important to follow adequate volume status and optimize cardiac output and systemic perfusion. Many of this patients have chronical renal impairment and optimal postprocedural hydration is demand as protection of acute renal injury. ECG monitoring and neurological status changes are also required. TAVI procedure is less invasive method in high grade symptomatic aortal stenosis after which patients are very soon mobile, the medical health care is quiet demanding and complicated. Because this is new medical approach in treatment, medical nurses should be adequately familiar with risks, advances and possible complications of this procedure. New researches will make much stronger roll of medical nurses in multidisciplinary team approach and give more quality in medical treatment of this patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]