1. Devices and Methods for Dosimetry of Personalized Photodynamic Therapy of Tumors: A Review on Recent Trends.
- Author
-
Alekseeva, Polina, Makarov, Vladimir, Efendiev, Kanamat, Shiryaev, Artem, Reshetov, Igor, and Loschenov, Victor
- Subjects
- *
TUMOR treatment , *DIAGNOSTIC imaging , *DOSIMETERS , *SPECTRUM analysis , *PATIENT monitoring , *PHOTODYNAMIC therapy - Abstract
Simple Summary: The current devices and methods for dosimetry of personalized photodynamic therapy of tumors have several disadvantages. For instance, they are unable to evaluate the entire tumor volume at great depth, and they lack the capacity to provide an accurate estimate of the effective light dose. Furthermore, they are limited by their ability to evaluate either only the photosensitizer concentration or only the hemoglobin oxygenation at a specific point on the tissue surface or the average value based on the finite tissue volume at little depth. Despite the advances in photodynamic therapy, the development of a precise and dependable methodology to ascertain the optimal light dosage for a given tumor remains a significant challenge. This is due to the pivotal role of light dosage in determining the efficacy of treatment outcomes. Significance: Despite the widespread use of photodynamic therapy in clinical practice, there is a lack of personalized methods for assessing the sufficiency of photodynamic exposure on tumors, depending on tissue parameters that change during light irradiation. This can lead to different treatment results. Aim: The objective of this article was to conduct a comprehensive review of devices and methods employed for the implicit dosimetric monitoring of personalized photodynamic therapy for tumors. Methods: The review included 88 peer-reviewed research articles published between January 2010 and April 2024 that employed implicit monitoring methods, such as fluorescence imaging and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Additionally, it encompassed computer modeling methods that are most often and successfully used in preclinical and clinical practice to predict treatment outcomes. The Internet search engine Google Scholar and the Scopus database were used to search the literature for relevant articles. Results: The review analyzed and compared the results of 88 peer-reviewed research articles presenting various methods of implicit dosimetry during photodynamic therapy. The most prominent wavelengths for PDT are in the visible and near-infrared spectral range such as 405, 630, 660, and 690 nm. Conclusions: The problem of developing an accurate, reliable, and easily implemented dosimetry method for photodynamic therapy remains a current problem, since determining the effective light dose for a specific tumor is a decisive factor in achieving a positive treatment outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF