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The last decades, due to the systematic mammographic screening control, the incidence of DCIS has impressively increased and it consists almost 20% of breast carcinomas. A number of pathologic features have been identified which are useful for classification of ductal in situ carcinoma (DCIS) and better understanding of its pathogenesis and biological behavior. Recent advances in the diagnosis of DCIS include magnetic resonance imaging as an adjunct to mammography, which remains the gold standard for DCIS detection. The optimal management of DCIS remains an issue of controversy. Mastectomy that was practiced for long has been replaced in most cases by breast conserving-surgery with or without radiotherapy; radiotherapy significantly reduces local recurrence. Axillary lymph node dissection is generally not recommended. Tamoxifen appears to reduce the risk of local recurrence and should be considered in the management of selected patients with DCIS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy in women worldwide. The incidence and mortality rates of the disease have increased the past few years, especially in richer countries that have adopted the mammographic screening control. Mastectomy and breast conserving therapy with radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy consist the current therapeutic approach for breast cancer. Follow-up of patients with breast cancer is an issue of great importance in order to estimate the presence of residual tumor in the site of lumpectomy, estimate the presence of recurrence and also assess the outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been introduced the past few decades as a modality for breast imaging. MRI has been established as an accurate method for the follow-up of patients treated for breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]