Search

Background: Chemotherapy is essential for treating acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Previous studies concluded that survivors of cancer who were treated with chemotherapy experience cognitive impairment. Therefore, it is important to understand cognitive function in survivors of AML., Objective: The aim of this study was to explore distributions and correlates of cognitive function, and prediction of cognitive function on other outcomes in adults with AML who were treated with chemotherapy., Methods: A health science librarian systematically searched PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and EMBASE databases. Two reviewers independently conducted the title, abstract, and full-text screening. Data were extracted and synthesized based on the aims of the review., Results: A total of 10 articles were included. Findings indicate that up to 62.2% of adults with AML experienced impaired cognitive function after starting chemotherapy. Three studies found cognitive function remained stable over time. Education and cytokines were potential correlates of cognitive function. Worse cognitive function may predict lower physical performance and higher mortality, although the results were inconsistent across studies., Conclusion: Impaired cognitive function was observed in adults with AML who were treated with chemotherapy. However, no study used a validated subjective cognitive-function-specific patient-reported questionnaire, and previous studies focusing on cognitive function included relatively young samples. Hence, further research on cognitive function in older adults with AML is needed., Implications for Practice: Because of the high prevalence of cognitive impairment identified, it is important to screen cognitive function in adults with AML who are planning to receive chemotherapy to intervene and provide support earlier., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Advances in treatment for hematological cancers warrant greater attention on survivorship concerns., Objective: The aims of this study were to describe survivorship concerns among hematological cancer survivors, identify subgroups of survivors with distinct classes of concerns, and examine sociodemographic and clinical differences across subgroups., Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from 1160 hematological cancer survivors, who rated their degree of concern regarding 20 physical, emotional, and practical changes. Clusters of concerns were identified using latent class analysis. Associations between respondent characteristics and cluster membership were calculated using multinomial logistic regression., Results: Survivors had a mean of 7.5 concerns (SD, 4.6; range, 0-19), the most frequent being fatigue/tiredness (85.4%); anxiety, stress, and worry about cancer returning (70.2%); and changes to concentration/memory (55.4%). Three distinct classes of concerns were identified: class 1 (low, 47.0%), characterized by low endorsement of most concerns, apart from fatigue; class 2 (moderate, 32.3%), characterized by high endorsement of a combination of concerns across domains; and class 3 (high, 20.7%), characterized by the highest number of concerns out of the 3 identified classes, including greater endorsement of concerns relating to sexual well-being. Class membership was differentiated by survivor age, sex, marital status, and diagnosis., Conclusions: Three distinct patterns of concerns were detected in a large sample of hematological cancer survivors. Patterns of concerns could be differentiated by survivor characteristics., Implications for Practice: Our study highlights the concerns experienced by hematological cancer survivors and provides support for a tailored biopsychosocial approach to survivorship care in this context., Competing Interests: The authors have no funding or conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Underrepresented minority (URM) cancer survivors experience disparities in mortality and quality of life, compared with non-Hispanic whites. Disparities are associated with poor social determinants of health, enhanced by mistrust of the healthcare system. Trust can be facilitated by provider-patient racial/ethnic concordance, yet URM survivors rarely experience concordance. Effective health communication is needed for this vulnerable population., Objective: The aim of this study was to systematically review evidence on the composition and utility of health education videos among adult URM survivors., Methods: Literature searches were conducted in Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane, PsycInfo, and CINAHL databases. Articles that included adult URM cancer survivor samples and either described or tested a video intervention aimed to improve health outcomes were included. Two researchers independently screened articles for inclusion and quality appraisal and abstracted and synthesized relevant data to identify themes., Results: Eight articles, detailing 7 independent studies, met inclusion criteria. Quality appraisal of the included studies was fair to good. Six themes were identified: (1) video development with stakeholders, (2) focus on designing culturally appropriate videos, (3) in-clinic video delivery, (4) video intervention effects, (5) provider and URM survivors support video interventions, and (6) building trust through personal stories., Conclusions: Video interventions are well received by URMs and improve outcomes yet are underutilized. More rigorous studies are warranted to develop best practices for video development and application., Implications for Practice: Videos serve as an easy, effective tool to achieve favorable outcomes in the care of URM survivors.

Background: Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) represents approximately 75% of newly diagnosed patients with bladder cancer. Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer survivors have unique chronic burdens including frequent recurrences, repeated surveillance cystoscopies and treatments, and the highest lifetime medical cost per person among all cancers., Objective: The purpose of this study was to summarize studies assessing quality of life (QOL) in NMIBC survivors., Methods: The literature from January 2005 to March 2017 found in PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases was reviewed systematically. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) research about NMIBC survivors, (2) outcomes included QOL, (3) original research article published in peer-reviewed journals, and (4) published in English., Results: A total of 15 studies were included: 14 quantitative studies and 1 mixed-methods study. Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer survivors had significantly lower QOL compared with the general population, especially in fatigue, physical and role functioning, and mental health. Repeated transurethral resections and intravesical treatments were associated with impaired physical function and mental health. Most NMIBC survivors had concerns of urinary and bowel problems and sexual function., Conclusion: Despite a good prognosis, NMIBC and its treatment have a significant impact on QOL in survivors. The findings showed large burdens in NMIBC survivors and suggest that further research is needed to better understand potential opportunities to improve QOL in this population., Implications for Practice: Oncology nurses are in the critical position for assessing symptoms and concerns. Oncology nurses should pay special attention to NMIBC survivors who have unique symptoms and burden with the aim of improving survivors' QOL.

Background: Acute leukemia represents 4% of cancer cases in the United States annually. There are more than 302 000 people living with acute and chronic leukemia in the United States. Treatment has been shown to have both positive and negative effects on health-related quality of life (HRQOL)., Objective: The aims of this study were to examine psychometric properties of symptom and HRQOL instruments and to provide implications for the assessment in adults with acute leukemia relevant to clinical practice and future research., Methods: Systematic literature search was conducted from 1990 to 2014 using electronic databases and manual searches. Psychometric studies were considered eligible for inclusion if (1) the psychometric paper was published using at least 1 HRQOL or symptom instrument, and (2) adults with acute leukemia were included in the sample. Studies were excluded if the age groups were not adults, or if the instrument was in a language other than English., Results: Review identified a total of 7 instruments (1 cancer generic HRQOL, 2 symptom related, 3 HRQOL combined with symptom questions, and 1 disease specific). The most commonly used instrument was the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30, followed by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Fatigue., Conclusions: An acute leukemia diagnosis can have a significant impact on HRQOL. Our recommendations include using both an HRQOL and symptom instrument to capture patient experiences during and after treatment., Implications for Practice: The availability of comprehensive, valid, and reliable HRQOL and symptom instruments to capture the experiences of adults with acute leukemia during and after treatment is limited., Competing Interests: Dr. Reeve has a conflict of interest with Patient Reported Outcomes and Behavioral Evidence (PROBE) Advisory Board. No other conflicts of interest from the remaining authors.