1. Risk stratification of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma using immunophenotyping.
- Author
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Kagdi HH, Demontis MA, Fields PA, Ramos JC, Bangham CR, and Taylor GP
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, CD4 Antigens metabolism, Diagnosis, Differential, Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 metabolism, Female, HTLV-I Infections immunology, Humans, Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell immunology, Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell virology, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Receptors, CCR4 metabolism, Young Adult, HTLV-I Infections diagnosis, Immunophenotyping methods, Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell diagnosis, T-Lymphocytes immunology
- Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), a human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated disease, has a highly variable clinical course and four subtypes with therapeutic and prognostic implications. However, there are overlapping features between ATL subtypes and between ATL and nonmalignant (non-ATL) HTLV-1 infection complicating diagnosis and prognostication. To further refine the diagnosis and prognosis of ATL, we characterized the immunophenotype of HTLV-1-infected cells in ATL and non-ATL. A retrospective study of peripheral blood samples from 10 HTLV-1-uninfected subjects (UI), 54 HTLV-1-infected patients with non-ATL, and 22 with ATL was performed using flow cytometry. All patients with ATL had CD4
+ CCR4+ CD26- immunophenotype and the frequency of CD4+ CCR4+ CD26- T cells correlated highly significantly with the proviral load in non-ATL suggesting CD4+ CCR4+ CD26- as a marker of HTLV-1-infected cells. Further immunophenotyping of CD4+ CCR4+ CD26- cells revealed that 95% patients with ATL had a CD7- (≤30% CD7+ cells), whereas 95% HTLV+ non-ATL had CD7+ (>30% CD7+ cells) immunophenotype. All patients with aggressive ATL had a CCR7+ (≥30%), whereas 92% with indolent ATL and 100% non-ATL had a CCR7- (<30%) immunophenotype. Patients with nonprogressing indolent ATL were CD127+ but those with progressive lymphocytosis requiring systemic therapy had a CD127- (≤30%) immunophenotype. In summary, HTLV-1-infected cells have a CD4+ CCR4+ CD26- immunophenotype. Within this population, CD7- phenotype suggests a diagnosis of ATL, CCR7+ phenotype identifies aggressive ATL, while CCR7- CD127- phenotype identifies progressive indolent ATL., (© 2016 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)- Published
- 2017
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