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Weiyu Xu,1,* Xiaoqian Wu,2,* Xuezhu Wang,2,* Si Yu,2 Gang Xu,2 Jianping Xiong,3 Junwei Zhang,2 Xinting Sang,2 Yongchang Zheng,2 Wei Liu1 1Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Interventional Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yongchang ZhengDepartment of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing 100730, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail zhengyc_pumch@163.comWei LiuDepartment of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 9 Dongdan Santiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100005, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail liuwei@ibms.cams.cnBackground: This study was designed to investigate the prognostic value of the lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) in patients with gallbladder carcinoma (GBC).Patients and Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 154 consecutive GBC patients from 2005 to 2017 in this study. The LMR of preoperative blood samples was calculated by dividing the lymphocyte count by the monocyte count. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed to identify the optimal cut-off value of the LMR in the determination of overall survival (OS). The Kaplan–Meier method was utilized to assess OS, and the Log rank test was employed to compare survival differences. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to detect independent prognostic indicators.Results: The optimal cut-off point for the LMR was 4.76 according to the ROC curve. Patients ≤ 60 years old with an LMR ≤ 4.76 experienced significantly worse OS than those with an LMR > 4.76 (hazard ratio (HR): 0.399, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.265– 0.602, P< 0.001); however, the prognostic value of the LMR was not determined in patients > 60 years old or among the entire study cohort (both P> 0.05). Significantly poorer OS was observed in patients > 60 years with an LMR ≤ 4.21 compared to those with an LMR > 4.21 (HR: 1.830, 95% CI: 1.129– 2.967, P=0.014). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that both the high and low LMR cut-off values were independent risk factors for OS (HR: 0.272, 95% CI: 0.105– 0.704, P=0.007; HR: 0.544, 95% CI: 0.330– 0.895, P=0.017).Conclusion: The LMR is an independent prognostic indicator for GBC patients, the cut-off value of which is age dependent.Keywords: gallbladder cancer, lymphocyte to monocyte ratio, LMR, survival, prognosis, biomarker

Paulina Stefaniuk,1 Agnieszka Szymczyk,2 Monika Podhorecka1 1Department of Haematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland; 2Department of Clinical Transplantology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, PolandCorrespondence: Agnieszka SzymczykDepartment of Clinical Transplantology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 7 Street, Lublin 20-093, PolandTel +48-81 534 54 96Email agnieszka.szymczyk.med@wp.plAbstract: Despite the presence of many hematological prognostic indexes, clinical course and overall survival are often highly variable even within the same patient subgroup. Recent studies suggest that simple, cost-effective, low-risk tests such as neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) may be used to evaluate the prognosis. Their role has been well confirmed in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and multiple myeloma (MM), but until now the prognostic significance of NLR and LMR in leukemias has not been widely reported. In this article, we analyze the literature data on prognostic value of NLR and LMR in haematological malignancies in the context of classic prognostic factors and clinical course.Keywords: neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte to monocyte ratio, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, multiple myeloma

Purpose: Inflammatory markers in the blood have been linked to tumor prognosis, but their specific prognostic significance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients undergoing intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) is not well established. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) in this patient population., Patients and Methods: A total of 406 non-metastatic NPC patients were included in the study. NLR, PLR, and LMR were stratified according to their average values. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Cox multivariate regression analysis was performed to evaluate the associations of NLR, PLR, and LMR with PFS and OS., Results: Patients with NLR > 2.78 had worse PFS (P = 0.008) and OS (P < 0.001); PLR > 162.48 was related to lower PFS (P = 0.018) but not OS (P = 0.29); LMR > 5.05 showed no significant difference in PFS and OS compared to LMR ≤ 5.05 (P values were 0.13 and 0.94, respectively). Multivariate analysis indicated that NLR was an independent prognostic factor for PFS (HR, 1.674; 95% CI, 1.006-2.784; P = 0.047) and OS (HR, 4.143; 95% CI, 2.111-8.129; P = 0.000), while PLR and LMR did not demonstrate significant associations with PFS and OS., Conclusion: This study identifies NLR as a novel and independent prognostic indicator for NPC patients receiving IMRT, offering valuable insights that could inform future clinical decision-making. In contrast, PLR and LMR did not demonstrate significant prognostic value in this context., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (© 2024 Tang et al.)