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Shu-Hui Lin,1,2,* Hsin-Kai Wang,3,4,* Kun-Tu Yeh,1,5 Hui-Chun Tai,1,6 Hui-Yi Wang,1 Lan-Ru Huang,2 Chun-Wen Chiu,7 Chia-Min Chung,8,9 Bharath Kumar Velmurugan101Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; 2Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan; 3Public Health Bureau, Tainan City Government, Tainan, Taiwan; 4Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan; 5School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; 6Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; 7Department of Emergency Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; 8Graduate Institute of BioMedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; 9Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; 10Toxicology and Biomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam*These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: c-MYC has been noted in many tumor types, but its functional significance and clinical utility in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are not well known. Here we studied the expression of c-MYC in correlation to clinical outcome in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.Methods: The current study, using immunohistochemical staining, first examined c-MYC expression in OSCC patients and further correlated its expression with clinicopathological parameters.Results: c-MYC was expressed in the majority of OSCC patients (n=133). The c-MYC expression is associated with histological grade (P=0.0205) of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that TN stage (P0.05). Multiplicative-scale interaction between T stage (III/IV) and low c-MYC expression on mortality risk was identified (P=0.0233). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated that oral cancer patients (T III/IV stage) with high c-MYC expression had better survival than those with low and medium c-MYC expression (P=0.0270).Conclusion: Our data indicate that c-MYC is a potential biomarker that can be used as a therapeutic target for treating OSCC patients with T stage (III/IV).Keywords: T stage, c-MYC, OSCC, biomarker, survival

Bharath Kumar Velmurugan,1 Hsin-Kai Wang,2,3 Chia-Min Chung,4,5 Chien-Hsun Lee,6 Lan-Ru Huang,7 Kun-Tu Yeh,6,7* Shu-Hui Lin6,8*1Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; 2Public Health Bureau, Tainan City Government, Tainan City, Taiwan; 3Jenteh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taiwan; 4Graduate Institute of BioMedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; 5Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; 6Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; 7School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; 8Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan *These authors contributed equally to this workIntroduction: Oral cancer is a prevalent form of cancer worldwide, particularly in Taiwan, and mechanisms involved in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) progression remain relatively unknown. Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A), an oncoprotein, is aberrantly expressed in many human malignant tumors including oral cancer. However, the expression and role played by CIP2A in oral cancer pathogenesis remain obscure.Methods: In this study, immunohistochemistry was used to analyze CIP2A expression between OSCC tissues and their adjacent noncancerous tissues. Furthermore, associations between CIP2A expression and histopathological parameters were investigated.Results: In this study, we showed that CIP2A was overexpressed in most of the OSCC tissues. High CIP2A expression was significantly associated with moderate/poor tumor differentiation (P=0.02). No significant association was found between CIP2A expression and other clinical parameters. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that high CIP2A expression showed poorer survival rates than those with low CIP2A expression (P=0.047). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that CIP2A expression, N stage, American Joint Committee on Cancer stage and clinical therapy were independent prognostic factors for survival.Conclusion: Thus, our study suggests that CIP2A is an independent prognostic marker for OSCC and a novel target for OSCC treatment.Keywords: CIP2A, OSCC: prognosis, survival, Taiwan