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Background: The values of biomarkers expression might be changed following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), but little is known about the change range and its relationship to prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the potential changes of biomarkers expression before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, then predicting the pathological response and prognosis to NACT. Methods: A total of 119 patients who were initially diagnosed of breast cancer and underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy were included in the study. Miller-Payne grading system was used to evaluate the pathologic response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the log-rank test was used to test for differences between groups. Results: The high expression of ER, PR and Ki67 pre-NACT, the biomarkers expression post-NACT is also high (All P values

Triple negative breast cancer is a subtype of breast cancer, which has the characteristics of easy invasion, high recurrence rate and short survival period. Local surgery and systemic chemotherapy are the main treatment methods for triple negative breast cancer. The toxicity of chemotherapy is severe, and the tumor will recur and metastasize quickly once it is resistant. At present, the main research directions of triple negative breast cancer are new targeted therapy, immunotherapy and new endocrine therapy. This article reviews the research progress of triple negative breast cancer.

Breast cancer is the first malignant tumor in Chinese women, which seriously threatens the health of the patients. The research on breast cancer-related genes and therapeutic targets has been a hot topic in the research field. Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2 insulin-like growth factor 2), with the development of precision medicine, the treatment of breast cancer tends to be more and more individualized with the development of various malignant tumors, Association of IGF2 gene with invasiveness, risk if breast cancer, progression rate and prognostic therapy, the author summarized the important achievements of IGF2 gene in the study of breast cancer, including the structure and function of IGF2 gene, the cloning and expression of IGF2 gene, and the relationship between IGF2 gene and breast cancer, etc.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the breast is a rare subtype of breast cancer. Despite its triple-negative status, this tumor has a very good prognosis. Breast-conserving treatment including postoperative radiotherapy seems to be equivalent to mastectomy alone with respect to survival. Routine axillary lymph node staging is not recommended since lymph node metastases are extremely rare. The value of adjuvant systemic therapies is not established. Late relapses can occur, so long-term follow-up is mandatory for these patients.

Occult breast cancer (OBC) is a rare special type of breast cancer. Clinically, the lumps of axillary lymph node is the first symptom, but hard to palpate of breast lumps. All the time, occult breast cancer cases are less. Clinical diagnosis is very difficult. Pathological examination of axillary lymph node puncture combined with immunohistochemistry and imaging examination can improve preoperative diagnosis of the disease.

Breast cancer is malignant tumor occurred on breast epithelial tissue, although the mortality rate of breast cancer decreases, it remains one of the highest mortality rate diseases. Ignoring few exceptions, almost all tumors are derived from one single cancer cell. However, in clinical diagnosis, most human tumors demonstrate amazing heterogeneity in many morphological and physical characteristics. At the molecular level, human breast cancer is a complex heterogeneous disease in natural history. The combination of molecular origin and malignant cells and the diversity of hosting environment created the tumor subpopulations, which have different phenotypic characteristics. These subpopulations have different responses to the treatment and clinical outcomes. According to the combined affection of genetic and epigenetic instability and therapeutic interventions, different evolutionary routes will be generated thereby caused the inevitable tumor heterogeneity. In this review, the heterogeneous indication of genetic and epigenetic and metastatic as well as the potential causes and their effect for the clinical management of breast cancer were discussed.

Objective: To synthesize the gene of human dominant-negative transforming growth factor beta receptor (DNTβRⅡ) by means of oligo chemic synthesis and PCR amplification, construct pTAR-GET-DNTβRⅡ eukaryotic expression vector and investigate whether its expression in breast cancer COS-7 cells. Methods: The DNTβRⅡ gene fragment were inserted into pTAR-GET to conduct a eukaryotic plasmid, then sequenced and identified by restrictive endonuclease digestion. Construction of eukaryotic expression vector pTAR-GET-DNTβRⅡ and transfected it into COS-7 cells, evaluate its expression by RT-PCR method. Results: The construction of eukaryotic expression vector pTAR-GET-DNTβRⅡand transfected it into COS-7 cells, DNTβRⅡ was instantaneously transfected and expressed in COS-7 cells successfully. Conclusion: Full length gene of DNTβRⅡ can be synthesized by means of oligo chemic synthesis and PCR amplification. The construction of eukaryotic expression vector pTAR-GET-DNTβRⅡ and express it successfully in breast cancer COS-7 cells, may provide basis for further study of breast cancer anti-tumor immunotherapy by adoptive immune cell therapy.

Breast cancer is characterized by a series of genetic mutations and is therefore ideally placed for gene therapy intervention. The aim of gene therapy is to deliver a nucleic acid-based drug to either correct or destroy the cells harboring the genetic aberration. To date, surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and endocrine therapy have generated small improvements in clinical outcomes, but breast cancer is still able to recur and metastases. Thus, the exploration of more effective and safer therapeutic modalities is urgently needed. Gene therapy strategies may be beneficial for the successful treatment of carcinoma of the breast. The immediate future breast cancer gene therapy would suggest increasing success in using cancer gene therapy as adjunct therapy in local control of many cancers.In our study, we want to highlight these different gene therapy strategies for carcinoma of the breast. And along with the intensive study in the pathogenesis of breast cancer, it will gain more breakthrough, and providing a new approach for clinical treatment of breast cancer.