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Copyright of Canadian Journal of Zoology is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Zoology is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mule deer, Odocoileus hemionus, populations throughout the west appear to be declining, whereas white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, populations are increasing. The abundance, number of fetuses per female, recruitment, and cause-specific adult mortality rate for sympatric mule deer and white-tailed deer in south-central British Columbia are compared to assess population growth for each species. Mule deer populations are believed to be decreasing, while white-tailed deer are increasing, throughout North America. It has been suggested that the quality and availability of mule deer habitat have declined because of timber harvest, changes in fire regime, and direct competition with livestock and larger ungulates, namely elk.