Search

This paper investigates regularity in Lorentz spaces for weak solutions of a class of divergence form quasi-linear parabolic equations with singular divergence-free drifts. In this class of equations, the principal terms are vector field functions that are measurable in ($x,t$)-variable, and nonlinearly dependent on both unknown solutions and their gradients. Interior, local boundary, and global regularity estimates in Lorentz spaces for gradients of weak solutions are established assuming that the solutions are in BMO space, the John–Nirenberg space. The results are even new when the drifts are identically zero, because they do not require solutions to be bounded as in the available literature. In the linear setting, the results of the paper also improve the standard Calderón–Zygmund regularity theory to the critical borderline case. When the principal term in the equation does not depend on the solution as its variable, our results recover and sharpen known available results. The approach is based on the perturbation technique introduced by Caffarelli and Peral together with a “double-scaling parameter” technique and the maximal function free approach introduced by Acerbi and Mingione.

The closest infinite dimensional relatives of compact Lie algebras are Hilbert-Lie algebras, i.e. real Hilbert spaces with a Lie algebra structure for which the scalar product is invariant. Locally affine Lie algebras (LALAs) correspond to double extensions of (twisted) loop algebras over simple Hilbert-Lie algebras $\mathfrak{k}$, also called affinisations of $\mathfrak{k}$. They possess a root space decomposition whose corresponding root system is a locally affine root system of one of the $7$ families $A_J^{(1)}$, $B_J^{(1)}$, $C_J^{(1)}$, $D_J^{(1)}$, $B_J^{(2)}$, $C_J^{(2)}$ and $BC_J^{(2)}$ for some infinite set $J$. To each of these types corresponds a "minimal" affinisation of some simple Hilbert-Lie algebra $\mathfrak{k}$, which we call standard. In this paper, we give for each affinisation $\mathfrak{g}$ of a simple Hilbert-Lie algebra $\mathfrak{k}$ an explicit isomorphism from $\mathfrak{g}$ to one of the standard affinisations of $\mathfrak{k}$. The existence of such an isomorphism could also be derived from the classification of locally affine root systems, but for representation theoretic purposes it is crucial to obtain it explicitely as a deformation between two twists which is compatible with the root decompositions. We illustrate this by applying our isomorphism theorem to the study of positive energy highest weight representations of $\mathfrak{g}$. In subsequent work, the present paper will be used to obtain a complete classification of the positive energy highest weight representations of affinisations of $\mathfrak{k}$., Comment: 22 pages; Minor corrections

In a previous paper the authors showed that, under some technical conditions, the local Galois representations attached to the members of a non-CM family of ordinary cusp forms are indecomposable for all except possibly finitely many members of the family. In this paper we use deformation theoretic methods to give examples of non-CM families for which every classical member of weight at least two has a locally indecomposable Galois representation. School of Mathematics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India. e-mail: eghate@math.tifr.res.in Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC e-mail: vatsal@math.ubc.ca Received by the editors August 5, 2008. Published electronically December 29, 2010. AMS subject classification: 11F80. 1

We answer a 1975 question of G. R. Gordh by showing that if X is a homogeneous compactum which is the continuous image of a compact ordered space then at least one of the following holds: (i) X is metrizable, (ii) dimX = 0 or (iii) X is a union of finitely many pairwise disjoint generalized simple closed curves. We begin to examine the structure of homogeneous 0-dimensional spaces which are continuous images of ordered compacta. 1. Introduction. The aim of this paper is to investigate homogeneous spaces which are continuous images of ordered compacta. In 1975, G. R. Gordh proved that if a homo­ geneous and hereditarily unicoherent continuum is the continuous image of an ordered compactum, then it is metrizable, and so indecomposable (7, Theorem 3). Further, he asked if, in general, every homogeneous continuum which is the continuous image of an ordered compactum must be either metrizable or a generalized simple closed curve. Our Theorem 1 provides an affirmative answer to Gordh's question. Moreover, in Theorem 2, we prove that a homogeneous space which is not 0-dimensional and which is the continuous image of an ordered compactum is either metrizable or a union of finitely many pairwise disjoint generalized simple closed curves. Our methods of proof involve characterizations of continuous images of arcs obtained in ( 16) in terms of cyclic elements and T-sets. When dealing with the class A of all homogeneous and 0-dimensional spaces which are the continuous images of ordered compacta, the situation becomes less clear. By a recent theorem of M. Bell, each member of A is first countable. Moreover, by a result of (18), each member of A can be embedded into a dendron. We give a rather simple construction leading to a wide subclass of A. In particular, we show that not all members of A are orderable, and that there exists a strongly homogeneous space X which is the continuous image of an ordered compactum and which is not first countable. It follows that X $ A. Our investigations of the class A led to some natural questions which are stated at the end of the paper. All spaces considered in this paper are Hausdorff.

In this paper, we are interested in obtaining large values of Dirichlet L-functions evaluated at zeros of a class of L-functions, that is, $$ \begin{align*}\max_{\substack{F(\rho)=0\\ T\leq \Im \rho \leq 2T}}L(\rho,\chi), \end{align*} $$ where $\chi $ is a primitive Dirichlet character and F belongs to a class of L-functions. The class we consider includes L-functions associated with automorphic representations of $GL(n)$ over ${\mathbb {Q}}$ .

In this paper we prove some one-level density results for the low-lying zeros of families of quadratic and quartic Hecke $L$-functions of the Gaussian field. As corollaries, we deduce that at least 94.27% and 5%, respectively, of the members of the quadratic family and the quartic family do not vanish at the central point.

This paper is concerned with the maximisation of the k'th eigenvalue of the Laplacian amongst flat tori of unit volume in dimension d as k goes to infinity. We show that in any dimension maximisers exist for any given k, but that any sequence of maximisers degenerates as k goes to infinity when the dimension is at most 10. Furthermore, we obtain specific upper and lower bounds for the injectivity radius of any sequence of maximisers. We also prove that flat Klein bottles maximising the k'th eigenvalue of the Laplacian exhibit the same behaviour. These results contrast with those obtained recently by Gittins and Larson, stating that sequences of optimal cuboids for either Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions converge to the cube no matter the dimension. We obtain these results via Weyl asymptotics with explicit control of the remainder in terms of the injectivity radius. We reduce the problem at hand to counting lattice points inside anisotropically expanding domains, where we generalise methods of Yu. Kordyukov and A. Yakovlev by considering domains that expand at different rates in various directions., Comment: 20 pages

We consider three point positivemasses moving onS2andH2. An Eulerian-relative equilibrium is a relative equilibrium where the three masses are on the same geodesic. In this paper we analyze the spectral stability of these kind of orbits where the mass at the middle is arbitrary and the masses at the ends are equal and located at the same distance from the central mass. For the case of S2, we found a positive measure set in the set of parameters where the relative equilibria are spectrally stable, and we give a complete classiûcation of the spectral stability of these solutions, in the sense that, except on an algebraic curve in the space of parameters, we can determine if the corresponding relative equilibriumis spectrally stable or unstable. OnH2, in the elliptic case, we prove that generically all Eulerian-relative equilibria are unstable; in the particular degenerate case when the two equal masses are negligible, we get that the corresponding solutions are spectrally stable. For the hyperbolic case we consider the system where the mass in the middle is negligible; in this case the Eulerian-relative equilibria are unstable.

In this paper we introduceHardy-Lorentz spaces with variable exponents associated with dilations in ℝn. We establishmaximal characterizations and atomic decompositions for our variable exponent anisotropic Hardy-Lorentz spaces.

We provide the differential equations that generalize the Newtonian N-body problem of celestial mechanics to spaces of constant Gaussian curvature, k, for all k real. In previous studies, the equations of motion made sense only for k nonzero. The system derived here does more than just include the Euclidean case in the limit when k tends to 0: it recovers the classical equations for k=0. This new expression of the laws of motion allows the study of the N-body problem in the context of constant curvature spaces and thus offers a natural generalization of the Newtonian equations that includes the classical case. We end the paper with remarks about the bifurcations of the first integrals., Comment: 19 pages, 1 figure

In this paper, we prove that for ℓ = 1 or 2 the rate of best ℓ- monotone polynomial approximation in the Lp norm (1 ≤ p ≤) weighted by the Jacobi weight with , is bounded by an appropriate (ℓ + 1)-st modulus of smoothness with the same weight, and that this rate cannot be bounded by the (ℓ + 2)-nd modulus. Related results on constrained weighted spline approximation and applications of our estimates are also given.

LetMandNbe admissible Hausdorff topological spaces endowed with admissible families of open coverings. Assume thatis a semigroup acting on bothMandN. In this paper we study the behavior of limit sets, prolongations, prolongational limit sets, attracting sets, attractors, and Lyapunov stable sets (all concepts deûned for the action of the semigroup) under equivariant maps and semiconjugations fromMtoN.

In recent years the harmonic analysis of n-fold (n > 2) metaplectic coverings of GL2 has played an increasingly important role in certain aspects of algebraic number theory. In large part this has been inspired by the pioneering work of Kubota (see [3] for example); as an application one could cite the solution by Heath-Brown and Patterson [3] to a question of Kummer's on the distribution of the arguments of cubic Gauss sums. In that paper, Eisenstein series on the 3-fold metaplectic cover of GL2(A) play a crucial role.The object of this note is to point out that the theory of Eisenstein series can be made to work for a wide class of finite central coverings. Indeed, once the assumptions are made, the usual theory carries over readily, and one obtains a spectral decomposition of the appropriate L2-space of functions; this is done in Section 2 of this paper.

Let denote the space of functions holomorphic on an open Riemann surface R, where has the topology of uniform convergence on compact sets. In this note, we characterize the dual space *. The result is not new, for it is implicitly contained in the more general results of Tillmann [5] and, in case R is planar, in those of Köthe [4]. However, the paper of Gunning and Narasimhan [3], which appeared subsequently, allows us to give a short proof of this important result. Actually, our characterization is a natural one in terms of differentials, while the Köthe-Tillmann characterization is in terms of functions, but we show that these two characterizations are isomorphic. We end our paper by using our characterization to prove an interpolation result. The second author gratefully acknowledges a helpful discussion with Professor George Szekeres.

Let C(X) be the ring of all real-valued continuous functions on a completely regular topological space X, and let A﹛Y) be the ring of all functions analytic on a connected non-compact Riemann surface F. The ideal theories of these two function rings have been extensively studied since the fundamental papers of E. Hewitt on C﹛X)[12] and of M. Henriksen on the ring of entire functions [10; 11]. Despite the obvious differences between these two rings, it has turned out that there are striking similarities between their ideal theories. For instance, non-maximal prime ideals of A (F) [2; 11] behave very much like prime ideals of C﹛X)[13; 14], and primary ideals of A(Y) which are not powers of maximal ideals [19] resemble primary ideals of C(X) [15]. In this paper we show that there are very good reasons for these similarities. It turns out that much of the ideal theory of A (Y) is a special case of the ideal theory of rings of continuous functions. We develop machinery that enables one almost automatically to derive results about the ideal theory of A(Y) from corresponding known results of ideal theory for rings of continuous functions.

This paper is a continuation of [5]. As stated there, the problem is to explicitly decompose the space L2 = L2(G(F)\G(A)) into simpler invariant subspaces, and to deal with the associated continuous spectrum in case G is a connected reductive algebraic group defined over a global function field. In that paper the solution was begun by studying Eisenstein series associated to cusp forms on Levi components of parabolic subgroups; these Eisenstein series and the associated intertwining operators were shown to be rational functions satisfying functional equations. To go further it is necessary to consider more general Eisenstein series and intertwining operators, and to show that they have similar properties. Such Eisenstein series arise from the cuspidal ones by a residue taking process, which is detailed in a disguised form suitable for induction in the first part of this paper: the main result is a preliminary form of the spectral decomposition.

In an earlier paper [6] we considered the application of Lagrangian methods to the enumeration of plane rooted trees with given colour partition. We obtained an expression which generalised Tutte’s result [9], and a correspondence, which, when specialised, gives the de Bruijn-van Aardenne Ehrenfest-Smith-Tutte Theorem [1]. A corollary of these results is a one-to-one correspondence [4], between trees and generalised derangements, for which no combinatorial description has yet been found.In this paper we extend these methods to the enumeration of rooted labelled trees to demonstrate how another pair of well-known and apparently unrelated theorems may be obtained as the result of a single enumerative approach. In particular, we show that a generalisation of Good's result [3], also considered by Knuth [7], and the matrix tree theorem [8] have a common origin in a single system of functional equations, and that they correspond to different coefficients in the power series solution.

A dissectible polyhedron is a natural extension of a concept whose history dates back to at least 1758 and Euler [7]—the concept of a dissection of a polygon. An interesting historical survey of dissections of a polygon is given by Brown [4]. Some approaches to the classical problem have been given by Moon and Moser [9] and by Guy [8] ; the latter provides an approach which is the basis of the work in this paper. A summary of enumeration results on dissections of polygons and polyhedra by automorphism groups has been given by the authors [2].Recent extensions of the problem have been investigated in a series of papers by Brown and Tutte [3; 5; 14; 15] and b y Takeo [10; 11; 12; 13].

In this paper we consider a method for enumerating trees with respect to colour and degree information. The method makes use of elementary decompositions of trees, and the functional equations which are induced. A number of new results are obtained by this means. More specifically, we consider (Section 3) the enumeration of rooted plane X-coloured trees with given colour and edge partitions. Remarkably, the number of such trees which are planted is a multiple of the number of spanning arbores­ cences on a graph with the edge partition as its adjacency matrix. This result is used (Section 4) to obtain the number of rooted plane i£-chromatic trees with fixed chromatic partition, a number given by Tutte [5] for planted trees in the case K = 2. Finally, a new combinatorial correspon­ dence between two sets of trees is given (Section 5) which yields the de Bruijn-van Aardenne Ehrenfest-Smith-Tutte (BEST) theorem as a special case. We use a familiar decomposition of rooted trees. Associated with this is a system of functional equations which may be solved by a specialisa­ tion, given in Section 2, of the Lagrange theorem in many variables. The specialisation accounts for the persistence, in combinatorial enumeration, of determinants of matrices with row and column constraints (see, for example, [6]). Throughout this paper we use the notation: the number of non-root vertices of colour i is nt = ]C^i/

Norm closed (or weakly closed) Jordan algebras of self-adjoint operators on a Hilbert space were initially studied by Topping, Effros, and Stormer [15], [4], [12], [13]. These works are very “spatial”, in that the algebras are considered in one given representation. The introduction of their abstract counterparts, the JB- and JBW-algebras, has led to an increased interest in this subject. The author hopes this paper will support the view that a more “space-free” approach is fruitful, even if only the “concrete” algebras are under study. In accordance with this view, a “JC-algebra” in this paper will mean a normed Jordan algebra over the reals, which is isometrically isomorphic to a norm closed Jordan algebra of self-adjoint operators.Some of the results in this paper are closely related to, or rewordings of, results in the above-mentioned papers. However, I feel that the present approach is sufficiently different to be of interest in itself. In particular, many of the technical difficulties associated with earlier approaches are avoided.

Suppose that G is a reductive algebraic group defined over a number field F. The trace formula is an identityof distributions. The terms on the right are parametrized by “cuspidal automorphic data”, and are defined in terms of Eisenstein series. They have been evaluated rather explicitly in [3]. The terms on the left are parametrized by semisimple conjugacy classes and are defined in terms of related G(A) orbits. The object of this paper is to evaluate these terms.In previous papers we have already evaluated in two special cases. The easiest case occurs when corresponds to a regular semisimple conjugacy class in G(F). We showed in Section 8 of [1] that for such an , could be expressed as a weighted orbital integral over the conjugacy class of σ. (We actually assumed that was “unramified”, which is slightly more general.) The most difficult case is the opposite extreme, in which corresponds to {1}.

The existence of certain formulae analogous to Poisson's summation formula (9, pp. 60-64),where αβ = 2π, α > 0, and Fc(x) is the Fourier cosine transform of f(x), but involving number-theoretic functions as coefficients, was first demonstrated by Voronoï (10) in 1904. He proved thatwhere r(n) is an arithmetic function,/(x) is continuous in (a, b) and a(x) and i?(x) are analytic functions dependent on τ(n). Later, numerous papers were published by various authors giving formulae of this type involving d(n), the number of divisors of n (3), and rp(n), the number of ways of expressing n as the sum of p squares of integers (8).In 1937, Ferrar (4) developed a general theory of summation formulae, using complex analysis. Around that time, Guinand (5) also published papers where he developed the general theory from a different point of view. He applied the theory of mean convergence for the transforms of class L2(0, ∞ ). Later in 1950, Bochner (1) gave a general summation formula.

The definition and some of the properties of what may be called a Perron second integral (P2-integral) were given in a previous paper [4]. This integral starts with a function f(x) defined in an interval (a, c) and goes directly to a second primitive F(x) with the property that the generalized second derivative D2F is equal to f(x) for almost all x in (a, c). In the present paper the definition is changed slightly and further properties are deduced.

The theorem that every properly primitive binary quadratic form is capable of representing infinitely many prime numbers was first proved completely by H. Weber (5). The purpose of this paper is to give an elementary proof of the case where the form is ax2 + 2bxy + cy2, with a > 0, (a, 2b, c) = 1, and D = b2 — ac not a square. The cases where the form is ax2 + bxy + cy2 with b odd, and the case where the form is ax2+ 2bxy + cy2 with D a square, can be settled very simply once the first case is taken care of, and this is done in a page and a half in the Weber paper.

The purpose of this paper is to record some progress on the problem of determining which (bounded, linear) operators A on a separable Hilbert space H are commutators, in the sense that there exist bounded operators B and C on H satisfying A = BC — CB. It is thus natural to consider this paper as a continuation of the sequence (2; 3; 5). In §2 we show that many infinite diagonal matrices (with scalar entries) are commutators and that every weighted unilateral and bilateral shift is a commutator.

Our aim in this paper is to generalize certain ideas and results of Bary (1) on biorthogonal systems in separable Hilbert spaces to their counterparts in separable lp-spaces, 1 < p.The main result of Bary is to characterize a natural generalization of the concept of orthonormal basis for a Hilbert space. That of this paper is to characterize the concept of a Bary basis which is a generalization of the idea of standard basis of an lp-space. The result is interesting for lp-spaces because of the paucity of standard bases in these spaces.Before summarizing our results, we shall introduce some notation and recall a few pertinent definitions and facts. The symbols and denote mutually conjugate lp-spaces, where is the space lt and the space lswith 1 < r <2 and 2 < s = r/(r – 1).

Letbe an ordinary differential operator of order h whose coefficients are (η, η) matrices defined on the interval 0 ≤ x < ∞, hη = n = 2v. Let the operator L0 be formally self adjoint and let v boundary conditions be given at x = 0 such that the eigenvalue problem(1.1)has no non-trivial square integrable solution. This paper deals with the perturbed operator L∈ = L0 + ∈q where ∈ is a real parameter and q(x) is a bounded positive (η, η) matrix operator with piecewise continuous elements 0 ≤ x < ∞. Sufficient conditions involving L0, q are given such that L∈ determines a selfadjoint operator H∈ and such that the spectral measure E∈(Δ′) corresponding to H∈ is an analytic function of ∈, where Δ′ is a subset of a fixed bounded interval Δ = [α, β]. The results include and improve results obtained for scalar differential operators in an earlier paper (3).

In a paper (5) published in the Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Primrose obtained the formulae for the number of points contained in a non-degenerate quadric in PG(n, s), the finite projective geometry of n dimensions based on a Galois field GF(s). In § 3 of the present paper the formulae for the number of p-flats contained in a non-degenerate quadric in PG(n, s) are obtained. In § 4 an interesting property of a non-degenerate quadric in PG(2k, 2m) is proved. These properties of a quadric will be used in solving some combinatorial problems of statistical interest in a later paper.

In a paper published in 1936 Burkill (2) proved that, if the trigonometrical series1.1is bounded except on a countable set and if the series obtained by integrating series (1.1) once converges everywhere, then the coefficients can be written in Fourier form using the C1P-integral. In §3 of this paper an analogous result is shown to be true when (1.1) is bounded (C, k), k < 0. The proof of this depends on generalizations of theorems by Verblunsky and Zygmund and both of these generalizations are obtained in §2.

It is the purpose of this paper to establish a closer connection between the logarithmic capacity of sets and double trigonometric series. In (9), closed sets of logarithmic capacity zero were established as sets of uniqueness for a particular class of double trigonometric series under circular (C, 1) summability. By slightly changing this class of series but still maintaining closed sets of logarithmic capacity zero as sets of uniqueness, it is shown in this paper that closed sets of positive logarithmic capacity form sets of multiplicity.

In this paper, we discuss the isometric embedding problem in hyperbolic space with nonnegative extrinsic curvature. We prove a priori bounds for the trace of the second fundamental form H and extend the result to n-dimensions. We also obtain an estimate for the gradient of the smaller principal curvature in 2 dimensions., Comment: 27 pages

In this paper, we consider a generalized Kähler–Einstein equation on a Kähler manifold M. Using the twisted 𝒦–energy introduced by Song and Tian, we show that the existence of generalized Kähler–Einstein metrics with semi–positive twisting (1, 1)–form θ is also closely related to the properness of the twisted 𝒦-energy functional. Under the condition that the twisting form θ is strictly positive at a point or M admits no nontrivial Hamiltonian holomorphic vector field, we prove that the existence of generalized Kähler–Einstein metric implies a Moser–Trudinger type inequality.

In this paper we regularize the Kepler problem on S3 in several different ways. First, we perform a Moser-type regularization. Then, we adapt the Ligon–Schaaf regularization to our problem. Finally, we show that the Moser regularization and the Ligon–Schaaf map we obtained can be understood as the composition of the corresponding maps for the Kepler problem in Euclidean space and the gnomonic transformation.

“Co-Frobenius” coalgebras were introduced as dualizations of Frobenius algebras. We previously showed that they admit left-right symmetric characterizations analogous to those of Frobenius algebras. We consider the more general quasi-co-Frobenius (QcF) coalgebras. The first main result in this paper is that these also admit symmetric characterizations: a coalgebra is QcF if it is weakly isomorphic to its (left, or right) rational dual Rat(C*) in the sense that certain coproduct or product powers of these objects are isomorphic. Fundamental results of Hopf algebras, such as the equivalent characterizations of Hopf algebras with nonzero integrals as left (or right) co-Frobenius, QcF, semiperfect or with nonzero rational dual, as well as the uniqueness of integrals and a short proof of the bijectivity of the antipode for such Hopf algebras all follow as a consequence of these results. This gives a purely representation theoretic approach to many of the basic fundamental results in the theory of Hopf algebras. Furthermore, we introduce a general concept of Frobenius algebra, which makes sense for infinite dimensional and for topological algebras, and specializes to the classical notion in the finite case. This will be a topological algebra A that is isomorphic to its complete topological dual Aν. We show that A is a (quasi)Frobenius algebra if and only if A is the dual C* of a (quasi)co-Frobenius coalgebra C. We give many examples of co-Frobenius coalgebras and Hopf algebras connected to category theory, homological algebra and the newer q-homological algebra, topology or graph theory, showing the importance of the concept.

In this paper we study the balayage of semi-Dirichlet forms. We present new results on balayaged functions and balayagedmeasures of semi-Dirichlet forms. Some of the results are new even in the Dirichlet forms setting.

In this paper we characterize the compactness of the commutator [b, T] for the singular integral operator on the Morrey spaces . More precisely, we prove that if , the -closure of , then [b, T] is a compact operator on the Morrey spaces for ∞ < p < ∞ and 0 < ⋋ < n. Conversely, if and [b, T] is a compact operator on the for some p (1 < p < ∞), then . Moreover, the boundedness of a rough singular integral operator T and its commutator [b, T] on are also given. We obtain a sufficient condition for a subset in Morrey space to be a strongly pre-compact set, which has interest in its own right.

A diagonal ind-group is a direct limit of classical affine algebraic groups of growing rank under a class of inclusions that contains the inclusionas a typical special case. If G is a diagonal ind-group and B ⊂ G is a Borel ind-subgroup, we consider the ind-variety G/B and compute the cohomology H𝓁(G/B,𝒪−λ) of any G-equivariant line bundle 𝒪−λ on G/B. It has been known that, for a generic λ, all cohomology groups of 𝒪−λ vanish, and that a non-generic equivariant line bundle 𝒪−λ has at most one nonzero cohomology group. The new result of this paper is a precise description of when Hj (G/B,𝒪−λ) is nonzero and the proof of the fact that, whenever nonzero, Hj (G/B,𝒪−λ) is a G-module dual to a highest weight module. The main difficulty is in defining an appropriate analog WB of the Weyl group, so that the action of WB on weights of G is compatible with the analog of the Demazure “action” of the Weyl group on the cohomology of line bundles. The highest weight corresponding to Hj (G/B,𝒪−λ) is then computed by a procedure similar to that in the classical Bott–Borel–Weil theorem.

In this paper we prove holomorphy for certain intertwining operators arising from the theory of Eisenstein series. To do that we need to normalize using the Langlands–Shahidi's normalization arising from the twisted endoscopy and the associated representations of the general linear group.

In this paper we obtain a complete description of nontrivial minimal reducing subspaces of the multiplication operator by a Blaschke product with four zeros on the Bergman space of the unit disk via the Hardy space of the bidisk.

A Riemannian manifold (M, ρ) is called Einstein if the metric ρ satisfies the condition Ric(ρ) = c · ρ for some constant c. This paper is devoted to the investigation of G-invariant Einstein metrics, with additional symmetries, on some homogeneous spaces G/H of classical groups. As a consequence, we obtain new invariant Einstein metrics on some Stiefel manifolds SO(n)/SO(l). Furthermore, we show that for any positive integer p there exists a Stiefelmanifold SO(n)/SO(l) that admits at least p SO(n)-invariant Einstein metrics.

This paper establishes general theorems which contain both moduli of continuity and large incremental results for l∞-valued Gaussian random fields indexed by a multidimensional parameter under explicit conditions.

In this paper, we characterize unitary representations of π := π1(S2\{s1, … , sl}) whose generators u1, … , ul (lying in conjugacy classes fixed initially) can be decomposed as products of two Lagrangian involutions uj = σjσj+1 with σl+1 = σ1. Our main result is that such representations are exactly the elements of the fixed-point set of an anti-symplectic involution defined on the moduli space ℳᘓ := Homᘓ(π, U(n))/U(n). Consequently, as this fixed-point set is non-empty, it is a Lagrangian submanifold of ℳᘓ. To prove this, we use the quasi-Hamiltonian description of the symplectic structure of ℳᘓ and give conditions on an involution defined on a quasi-Hamiltonian U-space (M, ω, μ: M → U) for it to induce an anti-symplectic involution on the reduced space M//U := μ–1({1})/U.

We characterize diametrically maximal and constant width sets inC(K), whereKis any compact Hausdorff space. These results are applied to prove that the sum of two diametrically maximal sets needs not be diametrically maximal, thus solving a question raised in a paper by Groemer. A characterization of diametrically maximal sets inis also given, providing a negative answer to Groemer's problem in finite dimensional spaces. We characterize constant width sets inc0(I), for everyI, and then we establish the connections between the Jung constant of a Banach space and the existence of constant width sets with empty interior. Porosity properties of families of sets of constant width and rotundity properties of diametrically maximal sets are also investigated. Finally, we present some results concerning non-reflexive and Hilbert spaces.

The decomposability number of a von Neumann algebra ℳ (denoted by dec(ℳ)) is the greatest cardinality of a family of pairwise orthogonal non-zero projections in ℳ. In this paper, we explore the close connection between dec(ℳ) and the cardinal level of the Mazur property for the predual ℳ* of ℳ, the study of which was initiated by the second author. Here, our main focus is on those von Neumann algebras whose preduals constitute such important Banach algebras on a locally compact group G as the group algebra L1(G), the Fourier algebra A(G), the measure algebra M(G), the algebra LUC(G)*, etc. We show that for any of these von Neumann algebras, say ℳ, the cardinal number dec(ℳ) and a certain cardinal level of the Mazur property of ℳ* are completely encoded in the underlying group structure. In fact, they can be expressed precisely by two dual cardinal invariants of G: the compact covering number κ(G) of G and the least cardinality ᙭(G) of an open basis at the identity of G. We also present an application of the Mazur property of higher level to the topological centre problem for the Banach algebra A(G)**.

In this paper we study nonlinear elliptic problems of Neumann type driven by the p-Laplacian differential operator. We look for situations guaranteeing the existence of multiple solutions. First we study problems which are strongly resonant at infinity at the first (zero) eigenvalue. We prove five multiplicity results, four for problems with nonsmooth potential and one for problems with a C1-potential. In the last part, for nonsmooth problems in which the potential eventually exhibits a strict super-p-growth under a symmetry condition, we prove the existence of infinitely many pairs of nontrivial solutions. Our approach is variational based on the critical point theory for nonsmooth functionals. Also we present some results concerning the first two elements of the spectrum of the negative p-Laplacian with Neumann boundary condition.

The main result of the paper is a reciprocity law which proves that compatible systems of semisimple, abelianmod p representations (of arbitrary dimension) of absolute Galois groups of number fields, arise from Hecke characters. In the last section analogs for Galois groups of function fields of these results are explored, and a question is raised whose answer seems to require developments in transcendence theory in characteristic p.

Let k be a field of characteristic 0, R = k[x1, … , xd] be a polynomial ring, and m its maximal homogeneous ideal. Let I ⊂ R be a homogeneous ideal in R. Let λ(M) denote the length of an Rmodule M. In this paper, we show thatalways exists. This limit has been shown to be e(I)/d! form-primary ideals I in a local Cohen–Macaulay ring, where e(I) denotes the multiplicity of I. But we find that this limit may not be rational in general. We give an example for which the limit is an irrational number thereby showing that the lengths of these extension modules may not have polynomial growth.

In this paper, first, we will investigate the Dirichlet problem for one type of vortex equation, which generalizes the well-known Hermitian Einstein equation. Secondly, we will give existence results for solutions of these vortex equations over various complete noncompact Kähler manifolds.

Let be a cusp form with integer weight k ≥ 2 that is not a linear combination of forms with complex multiplication. For n ≥ 1, letConcerning bounded values of i f (n) we prove that for ∊ > 0 there exists M = M(∊, f ) such that Using results of Wu, we show that if f is a weight 2 cusp form for an elliptic curve without complex multiplication, then . Using a result of David and Pappalardi, we improve the exponent to for almost all newforms associated to elliptic curves without complex multiplication. Inspired by a classical paper of Selberg, we also investigate i f (n) on the average using well known bounds on the Riemann Zeta function.

In this paper we make explicit all L-functions in the Langlands–Shahidi method which appear as normalizing factors of global intertwining operators in the constant term of the Eisenstein series. We prove, in many cases, the conjecture of Shahidi regarding the holomorphy of the local L-functions. We also prove that the normalized local intertwining operators are holomorphic and non-vaninishing for Re(s) ≥ 1/2 in many cases. These local results are essential in global applications such as Langlands functoriality, residual spectrumand determining poles of automorphic L-functions.