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Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper reports the occurrence of two types of pathogenic bacilliin cadavers of spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana, larvae and pupae on balsam fir, Abies balsamea (L.) Mill., foliage sampled in several locations in New Brunswick, Canada. One type forms spores and protein crystals at sporulation typical of Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.), while the other forms spores but no crystals. The noncrystal-producing bacillus is likely Bacillus cereus rather than an acrystalliferous variety of B.t.. The bacilli infect budworm during most of its life cycle, from hibernating second-instar larvae to pupae, with varying rates of infection, but are never a major cause of mortality. The bacilli also infect other lepidopterous species occurring on balsam fir foliage. Circumstantial evidence indicates that both bacilli occur naturally on the foliage, despite the history of aerial application of B.t.-based insecticides near, if not directly over, our study plots. A subtle impact of these bacilli on the dynamics of spruce budworm populations is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]