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Two new cyclopropanoic fatty acid glycosides, named parisveroside A (1) and parisveroside B (2), were isolated from a MeOH extract of the roots of Paris verticillata (Liliaceae) together with three other known compounds, salicin (3), 3-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxymethyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5- (3-hydroxypropyl)-7-methoxy-(2R,3S)-dihydrobenzofuran (4), and allantoin (5). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data, including 1D and 2D NMR, HR-FAB-MS, and chemical evidence. To investigate the antineuroinflammatory effects of the isolated compounds (1-5), nitric oxide (NO) production was evaluated in the lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia cell line, BV-2. Compounds 2 and 4 significantly inhibited NO production with [IC.sub.50] values of 74.8 and 60.5 µmol/L, respectively. Key words: Paris verticillata, Liliaceae, fatty acid glycosides, parisveroside A, parisveroside B, neuroinflammation. Utilisant comme produit de depart le melange obtenu par extraction des racines de Paris verticillata (Liliaceee) a l'aide de methanol, on a isole; deux nouveaux glycosides deriveis de l'acide gras cyclopropanoique, soit le parisveroside A (1) et le parisveiroside B (2), ainsi que trois autres produits connus, la salicine (3), le (β-D-glucopyranosyloxymeithyl)-2(4-hydroxy-3-methoxypheenyl)-5- (3-hydroxypropyl)-7- meithoxy-(2R,3S)-dihydrobenzofurane (4) et l'allantoine (5). On a elucide les structures en se basant sur des preuves chimiques et des donnees spectroscopiques, dont celles des RMN 1D et 2D et de la spectrometrie de masse a haute resolution avec bombardement avec des atomes rapides (SM-HR-BAR). Pour etudier les effets anti-neuroinflammatoires des composes isoles, on a evaluee la production d'oxyde d'azote (NO) dans des cellules BV-2 de la lignee cellulaire de microglie activeie par un lipopolysaccharide. Les composes 2 et 4 inhibent d'une facon significative la production de NO avec des valeurs de [IC.sub.50] de 74,8 et 60,5 µmol/L respectivement. Mots-cles : Paris verticillata, Liliaceie, glycosides d'acides gras, parisveroside A, parisveroside B, neuroinflammation., Introduction The genus Paris consists of less than two dozen herbaceous plants that have 4- to 11-merous flowers. (1) Some Paris species are used in traditional Chinese medicine for their [...]