36 results on '"Francisco I. Bastos"'
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2. Prevalência de uso de álcool na gestação, Brasil, 2011-2012
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Vanderlea Poeys Cabral, Claudia Leite de Moraes, Francisco I. Bastos, Angela Maria Mendes Abreu, and Rosa Maria Soares Madeira Domingues
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Gravidez ,Bebidas Alcoólicas ,Inquéritos e Questionários ,Prevalência ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Resumo: Estudo transversal, de base hospitalar, nacional, com entrevista de 23.894 puérperas, em 2011-2012, com os objetivos de estimar a prevalência de consumo de álcool na gestação e identificar grupos mais vulneráveis. O uso de álcool na gestação foi identificado por meio da escala TWEAK, sendo classificadas como “diagnóstico presumível de uso inadequado de álcool” mulheres com pontuação ≥ 2. Calculou-se a prevalência nacional de uso de álcool e em subgrupos de acordo com características maternas, com respectivos intervalos de 95% de confiança (IC95%). Foram encontradas, de forma gráfica, coexistência de tabagismo, inadequação de consultas pré-natais e ingestão de bebidas alcoólicas na gestação. A prevalência de uso de álcool foi de 14% (IC95%: 13,3-14,7), com 10% (IC95%: 9,3-10,6) das mulheres apresentando diagnóstico presumível de uso inadequado de álcool na gestação. Maiores prevalências de uso de álcool e de diagnóstico presumível de uso inadequado foram observadas em mulheres pretas, com 12-19 anos de idade, com menor índice de escolaridade, de classe econômica mais baixa, sem companheiro, sem trabalho remunerado, com mais de três partos anteriores, que não queriam engravidar, com assistência pré-natal inadequada, com parto em serviços públicos e que referiram tabagismo na gestação. Estima-se que 1,2% das mulheres entrevistadas apresentavam concomitância dos três fatores de risco para desfechos perinatais negativos: fumo, álcool e assistência pré-natal inadequada. Os resultados demonstraram alta prevalência de uso de álcool na gestação e de diagnóstico presumível de uso inadequado, principalmente por mulheres em situação de vulnerabilidade social. São relevantes a elaboração de políticas públicas que contemplem ações de prevenção do uso de bebidas alcoólicas e a prestação de serviços de apoio para cessação do uso de álcool na gravidez.
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- 2023
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3. Mulheres que fizeram aborto no Município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil: aplicação de um modelo hierárquico bayesiano
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Natália Santana Paiva, Daniel Antunes Maciel Villela, Leonardo Soares Bastos, and Francisco I. Bastos
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Aborto Induzido ,Estimativas de População ,Análise Estatística de Dados ,Análise Multinível ,Técnicas de Estimação ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Resumo: Estimativas de mulheres que fizeram aborto provocado em localidades cujas leis são restritivas ainda são escassas na literatura científica, e a não coincidência de estimativas oriundas dos métodos hoje em uso clama pela aplicação de métodos inovadores, como novos métodos indiretos. Tal necessidade é especialmente aguda nas áreas mais densamente povoadas, como as capitais brasileiras, dada a magnitude do fenômeno e os danos e riscos daí decorrentes. O artigo objetiva estimar o número de mulheres que fez aborto provocado no Município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, em 2011, por meio de um modelo hierárquico bayesiano. Ele foi aplicado aos dados de um inquérito domiciliar que subsidiou a utilização do método network scale-up, no Município do Rio de Janeiro, um modelo hierárquico bayesiano utilizando as informações indiretas baseadas na rede de contatos dos participantes selecionados de forma aleatória da população. Das 1.758.145 mulheres de 15-49 anos residentes no Município do Rio de Janeiro (13.025; ICr95%: 10.635; 15.748) mulheres fizeram aborto provocado em 2011, resultando numa incidência acumulada média de 7,41 (ICr95%: 6,05; 8,96) para cada 1.000 mulheres de 15-49 anos. O estudo de autovalidação do modelo permitiu identificar padrões de subestimação em subpopulações estigmatizadas com baixa visibilidade social, como mulheres fizeram aborto provocado. O abortamento provocado é uma prática recorrente entre as mulheres no Município do Rio de Janeiro. Novos métodos de estimação indireta podem contribuir para a apreensão mais precisa do evento, considerando o contexto de ilegalidade, e contribuir para formulação de políticas de saúde.
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- 2020
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4. Inequalities in HAART uptake and differential survival according to exposure category in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Tatiana de Araujo Lima, Chris Beyrer, Jonathan E. Golub, Jurema Corrêa da Mota, Monica Siqueira Malta, Cosme Marcelo Furtado Passos da Silva, and Francisco I. Bastos
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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ,Survival Analysis ,Differential Mortality ,Social Inequity ,Hight Active Antiretroviral Therapy ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract: Despite substantial improvement in prognosis and quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Brazil, inequalities in access to treatment remain. We assessed the impact of these inequalities on survival in Rio de Janeiro over a 12-year period (2000/11). Data were merged from four databases that comprise the national AIDS monitoring system: SINAN-AIDS (Brazilian Information System for Notificable Diseases; AIDS cases), SISCEL (laboratory tests), SICLOM (electronic dispensing system), and SIM (Brazilian Mortality Information System), using probabilistic linkage. Cox regressions were fitted to assess the impact of HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy) on AIDS-related mortality among men who have sex with men (MSM), people who inject drugs (PWID), and heterosexuals diagnosed with AIDS, between 2000 and 2011, in the city of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Among 15,420 cases, 60.7% were heterosexuals, 36.1% MSM and 3.2% PWID. There were 2,807 (18.2%) deaths and the median survival time was 6.29. HAART and CD4+ > 200 at baseline were associated with important protective effects. Non-whites had a 33% higher risk of dying in consequence of AIDS than whites. PWID had a 56% higher risk and MSM a 11% lower risk of dying of AIDS than heterosexuals. Non-white individuals, those with less than eight years of formal education, and PWID, were more likely to die of AIDS and less likely to receive HAART. Important inequalities persist in access to treatment, resulting in disparate impacts on mortality among exposure categories. Despite these persistent disparities, mortality decreased significantly during the period for all categories under analysis, and the overall positive impact of HAART on survival has been dramatic.
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- 2018
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5. Social geography of AIDS in Brazil: identifying patterns of regional inequalities
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Tatiana Rodrigues de Araujo Teixeira, Renata Gracie, Monica Siqueira Malta, and Francisco I. Bastos
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Sindrome de Imunodeficiencia Adquirida ,Analisis Espacial ,Estudios Ecologicos ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
The trend towards decline and stabilization of the AIDS epidemic in Brazil should be analyzed carefully, since aggregate data can mask regional or local inequalities in such a large and diverse country. The current study reevaluates the epidemic’s spatial dissemination and the AIDS-related mortality pattern in Brazil. The study considered all AIDS cases diagnosed in individuals over 18 years of age and living in Brazil, as well as AIDS deaths recorded in 1998-2008. Three-year moving average rates were estimated, and a spatial analysis was conducted using a local empirical Bayesian method. The epidemic was only found to be expanding in the North and Northeast regions, while declining in the rest of the country, especially in the Southeast. According to the findings, the apparent stabilization of AIDS mortality tends to mask regional disparities. Social determinants of health and regional disparities should be taken into account in program development and policymaking.
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- 2014
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6. Forum: stigma, discrimination and health: policies and research challenges. Postscript Fórum: estigma, discriminação e saúde: desafios políticos e acadêmicos. Posfácio
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Francisco I. Bastos
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Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Published
- 2012
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7. Uso de álcool e drogas e sua influência sobre as práticas sexuais de adolescentes de Minas Gerais, Brasil Alcohol and illicit drug use and its influence on the sexual behavior of teenagers from Minas Gerais State, Brazil
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Neilane Bertoni, Francisco I. Bastos, Maeve Brito de Mello, Maria Yolanda Makuch, Maria Helena de Sousa, Maria José Osis, and Anibal Faúndes
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Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas ,Drogas Ilícitas ,Comportamento Sexual ,Adolescente ,Alcohol Drinking ,Street Drugs ,Sexual Behavior ,Adolescent ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Os achados provêm de um estudo transversal de 5.981 estudantes de escolas públicas de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Avaliou-se a influência do uso de drogas sobre as práticas sexuais. Dos rapazes com relacionamento casual que referiram ter utilizado drogas ilícitas, 55,7% disseram usar preservativos de forma consistente (em todas as relações sexuais), enquanto entre os que nunca fizeram uso de tais substâncias, esse percentual foi de 65,4%. Entre os rapazes com relacionamento fixo, que utilizaram droga ilícita, o uso consistente de preservativos foi referido por 42,7%, ao passo que, para os que nunca fizeram uso dessas substâncias, esse percentual foi de 64,1%. No subgrupo dos rapazes com parceria fixa que nunca utilizaram drogas ilícitas, o uso consistente do preservativo foi menos freqüente entre os que utilizaram cigarro e/ou álcool do que entre os que não referiram este uso (60,7% vs. 71,1%). As moças apresentaram menor proporção de uso consistente do preservativo do que os rapazes, independentemente do tipo de parceria, sem influência aparente dos padrões de consumo. Os achados sugerem a necessidade de integrar a prevenção do uso de drogas à de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis/gravidez indesejada.This article summarizes the findings of a survey including 5,981 students from public schools in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The analysis assessed the influence of drug use on sexual practices. Among the boys engaged in relationships with casual partners who stated having used illicit drugs, 55.7% reported consistent condom use, as compared to 65.4% among those not reporting such habits. Among boys engaged in relationships with stable partners who reported illicit drug use, consistent condom use was reported by 42.7%, versus 64.1% among those not reporting such habits. In the subgroup of boys engaged in stable relationships who did not report illicit drug use, consistent condom use was less frequent among those that used alcohol/cigarettes, compared to those who did not drink or smoke (60.7% vs. 71.1%). Girls were less likely than boys to use condoms consistently, regardless of the nature of their relationships, without a noticeable influence of drug use. Policies to prevent drug abuse, sexually transmitted diseases, and unplanned pregnancy should be fully integrated.
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- 2009
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8. AIDS tem cor ou raça? Interpretação de dados e formulação de políticas de saúde no Brasil Does AIDS have a race or color? Data interpretation and health policymaking in Brazil
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Peter H. Fry, Simone Monteiro, Marcos Chor Maio, Francisco I. Bastos, and Ricardo Ventura Santos
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Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida ,Políticas Públicas ,Racismo ,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ,Public Policies ,Racism ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Nos últimos anos observa-se uma ênfase numa suposta associação entre a epidemia de AIDS e a "população negra" no Brasil. Após proceder uma análise do banco de dados sobre a ocorrência de HIV/AIDS no Brasil, o presente estudo examina o contexto sóciopolítico envolvido na definição de políticas públicas de recorte racial no campo da saúde. Argumentamos que questões ligadas à qualidade dos dados, à estruturação do sistema de informação e ao uso e interpretação das informações são elementos essenciais na compreensão do processo em curso. Especificamente, procuramos mostrar que os dados epidemiológicos disponíveis não são suficientes para sustentar a interpretação de que existe uma associação específica entre "população negra" e AIDS no país. Salientamos que a ênfase nessa suposta associação faz parte de uma dinâmica relacionada à construção do campo da "saúde da população negra" em anos recentes, que se vincula a processos mais amplos de inter-relação entre ativismo político e relação com o Estado, que transcendem a área da saúde.Over the last few years we have observed a growing emphasis on a supposed relationship between the AIDS epidemic and the "black population" in Brazil. After undertaking an analysis of the national data base of HIV/AIDS in Brazil, this study examines the sociopolitical context in which public policy with a focus on "race" has been defined. We argue that questions related to the quality of the data, the structuring of the information system itself and the use and interpretation of this information are all essential elements for understanding the process underway. Specifically we aim to show that the available epidemiological data are not sufficient to warrant the interpretation that there is in fact a relationship between the "black population" and AIDS in the country. We stress that the emphasis on this supposed association is part of a more general process of construction of the field of the "health of the black population" in recent years and that this is related to interrelationships between political activism and the State which go far beyond the field of health.
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- 2007
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9. Reconstructing the AIDS epidemic among injection drug users in Brazil
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Mariana A. Hacker, Iuri C. Leite, Adrian Renton, Tania Guillén de Torres, Renata Gracie, and Francisco I. Bastos
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Uso Indevido de Drogas Parenterais ,Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida ,Distribuição Espacial ,Incidência ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
The HIV/AIDS epidemic among injection drug users (IDUs) in Brazil has been unique in terms of temporal and geographical contrasts. This analysis explores these contrasts through the use of multilevel modeling. Standardized AIDS incidence rates among IDUs for Brazilian municipalities (1986-2000) were used as the dependent variable, with a set of social indicators as independent variables (covariates). In some States of the North/Northeast, the epidemic among IDUs has been incipient. The São Paulo epidemic extended to reach a network of municipalities, most of which located far from the capital. More recently, on a smaller scale, a similar extension has been observed in the southernmost States of the country. Both "number of physicians per inhabitant" and "standard distance to the State capital" were found to be associated with AIDS incidence. AIDS cases among IDUs appeared to cluster in wealthier, more developed municipalities. The relative weight of such extensive dissemination in key, heavily populated States prevails in the Brazilian IDU epidemic, defining a central-western-southeastern strip of wealthier middle-sized municipalities and more recently a southern strip of municipalities deeply affected by the epidemic in this population.
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- 2006
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10. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy: a qualitative study with physicians from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Aderência à terapia anti-retroviral: um estudo qualitativo com médicos no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Monica Malta, Maya L. Petersen, Scott Clair, Fernando Freitas, and Francisco I. Bastos
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Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida ,HIV ,Terapia Anti-retroviral de Alta Atividade ,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ,Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Brazil provides free antiretroviral (ARV) therapy to some 150,000 individuals living with HIV/ AIDS). ARV regimens require optimal adherence to achieve undetectable viral loads and to avoid viral resistance. Physicians play a key role to foster ARV adherence, but until now little is known about the communication between physicians/ people living with HIV/AIDS in this setting. In-depth interviews were conducted with 40 physicians treating people living with HIV/AIDS at six public reference centers in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Interview topics included: experiences in the treatment of people living with HIV/AIDS, relationship and dialogue with patients, barriers/facilitators to adherence, and effectiveness of available services. Barriers to ARV adherence were mainly related to the low quality of patient-provider relationship. Other barriers were related to "chaotic" patients' lifestyles, and inadequate knowledge and/or negative beliefs about HIV/AIDS and ARV effectiveness. It is necessary to improve networking between services, establish agile referral systems, and improve health professionals' integration. These structural changes could contribute to improved adherence, resulting in improved quality of life for people living with HIV/AIDS.O Brasil fornece gratuitamente terapia anti-retroviral (ARV) para cerca de 150 mil pessoas vivendo com HIV/ AIDS. A terapia ARV requer aderência ótima, visando alcançar carga viral indetectável e evitar resistência viral. Os médicos desempenham papel central quanto à aderência à ARV, mas há escassa informação sobre a comunicação entre médicos/pessoas vivendo com HIV/ AIDS. Entrevistas em profundidade foram realizadas com 40 médicos assistentes de seis hospitais de referência do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Tópicos da entrevista incluíram: experiências relativas ao tratamento de pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS, relacionamento/diálogo com pacientes, barreiras/facilitadores para aderência aos serviços disponíveis e eficácia destes. As barreiras para aderência à ARV se referiam, principalmente, ao relacionamento médico-paciente. Outras barreiras estavam relacionadas a estilos de vida "caóticos" de alguns pacientes, conhecimento inadequado/crenças negativas sobre HIV/AIDS e a eficácia da ARV. É necessário melhorar as redes de serviços de saúde, com encaminhamento mais ágil e maior integração entre diferentes profissionais de saúde. Essas mudanças estruturais podem melhorar a aderência e a qualidade de vida das pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS.
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- 2005
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11. Against the tide: current perspectives in Brazilian drug policy En dirección contraria: perspectivas actuales de la política brasileña de drogas Na contramão: perspectivas atuais da política brasileira de drogas
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Francisco I. Bastos
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Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Published
- 2013
12. Os autores respondem The authors reply
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Peter H. Fry, Simone Monteiro, Marcos Chor Maio, Francisco I. Bastos, and Ricardo Ventura Santos
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Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Published
- 2007
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13. CONHECIMENTO, INOVAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO EM SERVIÇOS DE SAÚDE
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Francisco I. Bastos
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Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Published
- 2015
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14. Skill and art in an intolerant world: a brief commentary on the article by Paiva et al.
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Francisco I. Bastos
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Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Published
- 2015
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15. Revisões em epidemiologia: diversidade na agenda de pesquisa Reviews in Epidemiology: diversity in the research agenda
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Francisco I. Bastos and Mario V. Vettore
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Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Published
- 2009
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16. Reviews in epidemiology: current lines of research and future prospects Revisões em epidemiologia: linhas de estudos correntes e perspectivas futuras
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Mario Vianna Vettore and Francisco I. Bastos
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Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Published
- 2008
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17. The first ten years: achievements and challenges of the Brazilian program of universal access to HIV/AIDS comprehensive management and care, 1996-2006 Os primeiros dez anos: conquistas e desafios do programa brasileiro de acesso ao manejo e cuidado integral do HIV/AIDS no Brasil, 1996-2006
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Mariana A. Hacker, Angela Kaida, Robert S. Hogg, and Francisco I. Bastos
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Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida ,Terapia Anti-Retroviral de Alta Atividade ,Sobrevida ,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ,Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ,Survivorship ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
A review was carried out of papers published between 1996 and 2006, documenting the introduction of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) in Brazil. Papers indexed in the MEDLINE and SciELO databases were retrieved using different combinations of keywords related to the management and care of AIDS in the post-HAART era: opportunistic diseases and co-infections, adherence to therapy, survival in the pre- and post-HAART eras, adverse events and side-effects, emergence and possible transmission of resistant viral strains, metabolic and cardiovascular disorders, and issues related to access to care and equity. The review documents the dramatic changes in HIV/AIDS disease progression in the post-HAART era, including an increase in survival and quality of life and a pronounced decrease in the episodes of opportunistic diseases. Notwithstanding such major achievements, new challenges have emerged, including slow evolving co-infections (such as hepatitis C, metabolic and cardiovascular disorders), the emergence of viral resistance, with consequences at the individual level (virological failure) and the community level (primary/secondary resistance at the population level), and impacts on the cost of new therapeutic regimens.Procedeu-se a uma revisão abrangente de artigos publicados entre 1996-2006, período posterior à introdução da terapia anti-retroviral de alta potência (HAART) no Brasil. Foram revisados artigos disponíveis nas bases de dados MEDLINE e SciELO, a partir de combinações de palavras-chave que contemplam os principais temas na área do tratamento e manejo da AIDS na era pós-HAART: doenças oportunistas e co-infecções, aderência à terapia, sobrevida pré e pós-HAART, eventos adversos e efeitos colaterais, emergência e eventual transmissão de cepas virais resistentes e complicações cardiovasculares e metabólicas, além de questões relativas ao acesso e à eqüidade. Em suma, observa-se uma transformação profunda no campo da AIDS no período pós-HAART, com aumento dramático da sobrevida e da qualidade de vida, e redução expressiva dos episódios de doenças oportunistas. Por outro lado, novas questões se colocam, como a relevância das co-infecções de evolução lenta, como a hepatite C, os distúrbios metabólicos e cardiovasculares, e o desafio posto pela emergência de cepas resistentes, com repercussões individuais (falha virológica) e coletivas (resistência primária e secundária em nível da comunidade) e, conseqüente, aumento de custos da terapia.
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- 2007
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18. AIDS mortality, 'race or color', and social inequality in a context of universal access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Brazil, 1999-2004 Mortalidade por AIDS, 'raça/cor' e desigualdade social, em um contexto de acesso universal à terapia anti-retroviral de alta potência (HAART) no Brasil, 1999-2004
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Maria Goretti P. Fonseca, Francisca de Fátima A. Lucena, Artur de Sousa, and Francisco I. Bastos
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Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida ,Terapia Anti-Retroviral de Alta Atividade ,Distribuição por Raça ou Etnia ,Mortalidade ,Desigualdade Social ,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ,Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ,Race or Ethnic Group Distribution ,Mortality ,Social Inequality ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has led to a substantial increase in the survival of people living with AIDS, despite heterogeneities among individuals from different socioeconomic strata. The present paper analyzes AIDS deaths in Brazil during a period in which HAART became a key treatment regimen, exploring the hypothesis that "race or color" defines one dimension of socioeconomic inequality in Brazil. AIDS mortality, stratified by gender and "race or color", was calculated using data from the National Mortality System. The rates were highest among individuals classified as "black" and lower among those classified as "mixed-race", with a continuous increase among the later from 1999 to 2004 for men and women. Among individuals classified as "white", mortality rates remained stable among men, but not women. Median age at death among "mixed-race" individuals was lower for both men and women. Differential trends according to gender and "race or color" were highlighted by the present study, indicating the pressing need to further explore the underlying factors that might explain different mortality rates in a context of universal access.A terapia anti-retroviral de alta potência (HAART) tem determinando substancial aumento da sobrevida de pessoas vivendo com AIDS, ainda que de forma heterogênea entre populações de diferentes condições sociais e econômicas. Este estudo analisa a mortalidade por AIDS no Brasil, num período em que a HAART se consolida como estratégia terapêutica, explorando a hipótese da variável "raça/cor" constituir uma das vertentes das desigualdades sociais e econômicas no Brasil. Foram calculadas taxas de mortalidade por AIDS, por sexo e "raça/cor", utilizando-se dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade. As maiores taxas de mortalidade foram observadas nos indivíduos de "raça/cor" preta e as menores naqueles de "raça/cor" parda, ainda que com crescimento persistente no período observado (1999-2004), em ambos os sexos. Entre os indivíduos de "raça/cor" branca, observou-se estabilidade na taxa de mortalidade apenas entre os homens. A idade mediana dos óbitos na "raça/cor" parda foi invariavelmente mais baixa, para ambos os sexos. Tendências diferenciadas por sexo e "raça/cor" foram observadas, exigindo estudos adicionais que explorem os fatores que determinam diferenciais nas taxas de mortalidade num contexto de acesso universal.
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- 2007
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19. Twenty-five years of the AIDS epidemic in Brazil: principal epidemiological findings, 1980-2005 Vinte e cinco anos da epidemia de AIDS no Brasil: principais achados epidemiológicos, 1980-2005
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Maria Goretti P. Fonseca and Francisco I. Bastos
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Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida ,Soroprevalência de HIV ,Comportamento Sexual ,Distribuição Temporal ,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ,HIV Seroprevalence ,Sexual Behavior ,Temporal Distribution ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
The Brazilian AIDS epidemic is undergoing important changes in its third decade. The present article reviews some central findings: the proportional reduction in cases related to injection drug use; the stability, in recent years, of new cases in the male homosexual/bisexual population; and the relative and absolute increment in heterosexual transmission, even though the estimates of incident rates still point to the first two categories mentioned as those most affected by the epidemic. Still should be detached the persistent increase in incidence rates among women and its stability in the younger age groups, probably the result of behavior changes (such as the consistent use among youth of condoms in sexual relations with casual partners and a reduction in cases related to injection drug use). It is well-know that HIV prevalence in the general population has stabilized at less than 1%, which characterizes Brazil as one of the countries with a concentrated epidemic. The article also emphasizes the growth of AIDS morbidity-mortality in the less favored socioeconomic strata and in women, and the stability of the mortality rate among men.A epidemia de AIDS no Brasil vem experimentando na sua terceira década importantes mudanças. O presente artigo revê alguns achados centrais: a redução proporcional dos casos devido ao uso de drogas injetáveis, a estabilidade, em anos recentes, quanto aos casos novos referentes à categoria de exposição homo/bissexual masculina e o incremento, relativo e absoluto, da transmissão heterossexual, ainda que estimativas das taxas de incidência sigam apontando as duas primeiras categorias como aquelas mais afetadas pela epidemia. Destaca-se, ainda, o persistente aumento das taxas de incidência entre as mulheres e sua estabilidade nas faixas etárias mais jovens, provavelmente, em decorrência de mudanças comportamentais (como o uso consistente de preservativos nas relações sexuais com parceiros eventuais entre os mais jovens e a redução dos casos devido ao uso de drogas injetáveis). É notória a estabilidade da prevalência do HIV abaixo de 1% na população geral, o que define o Brasil como um dos países com uma epidemia concentrada. O artigo destaca ainda o crescimento da morbi-mortalidade por AIDS nas populações sócio-economicamente menos favorecidas e entre as mulheres, e a estabilidade da mortalidade por AIDS entre os homens.
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- 2007
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20. Crack no Brasil: uma emergência de saúde Crack in Brazil: a public health emergency
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Francisco I. Bastos
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Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Published
- 2012
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21. Revisão, revisão sistemática e ensaio em saúde pública Reviews, systematic reviews, and essays in public health
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Francisco I. Bastos
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Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Published
- 2007
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22. Syringe exchange programs in Brazil: preliminary assessment of 45 programs
- Author
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Elize Massard da Fonseca, José Mendes Ribeiro, Neilane Bertoni, and Francisco I. Bastos
- Subjects
syringe-exchange programs ,acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ,intravenous substance abuse ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the current operation of Brazilian syringe exchange programs (SEP). After consulting national and regional networks of people working in projects/ programs aiming to reduce drug-related harm, we identified 134 potential participant programs. Unfortunately, only 45 SEPs answered a survey, even after repeated attempts. The survey addressed: coverage, funding, procurement of basic supplies, managerial capacity, and the local political environment. Findings were triangulated with in-depth interviews with key informants. The main findings included: satisfactory adherence to the initiatives and adequate documentation, but deficiencies in terms of coverage and monitoring, and uneven procurement of resources. Program personnel work mostly on a provisional basis, despite the efforts of local coordinators. Most programs are funded by the National STDs/AIDS Program. A comprehensive agenda aiming to improve current operations should include: concerted efforts to improve local and regional databanks, incentives/sanctions toward full accountability of initiatives carried by the programs, and a genuine culture of monitoring and evaluation.
23. 'The first shot': the context of first injection of illicit drugs, ongoing injecting practices, and hepatitis C infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Author
-
Maria de Lourdes Aguiar Oliveira, Mariana A. Hacker, Sabrina Alberti Nóbrega de Oliveira, Paulo Roberto Telles, Kycia Maria Rodrigues do Ó, Clara Fumiko Tachibana Yoshida, and Francisco I. Bastos
- Subjects
Uso Indevido de Drogas Parenterais ,Uso Comum de Agulhas e Seringas ,Vírus da Hepatite C ,Drogas Ilícitas ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
The context of first drug injection and its association with ongoing injecting practices and HCV (hepatitis C virus) infection were investigated. Injection drug users (IDUs) (N = 606) were recruited in "drug scenes" (public places, bars) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, interviewed, and tested for HCV. Sharing of needles/syringes was more prevalent at the first injection (51.3%) than at the baseline interview (36.8%). Those who shared syringes/needles at first injection were more likely to be currently engaged in direct/indirect sharing practices. Among young injectors (< 30 years), those reporting sharing of needles/ syringes at the first injection were about four times more likely to have been infected by HCV. Hepatitis C virus prevalence among active IDUs (n = 272) was 11%. Prison history and longer duration of drug injection were identified as independent predictors of HCV infection. To effectively curb HCV transmission among IDUs and minimize harms associated with risk behaviors, preventive strategies should target individuals initiating drug injection beginning with their very first injection and discourage the transition from non-injecting use to the self-injection of illicit drugs.
24. 'The first shot': the context of first injection of illicit drugs, ongoing injecting practices, and hepatitis C infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Author
-
Maria de Lourdes Aguiar Oliveira, Mariana A. Hacker, Sabrina Alberti Nóbrega de Oliveira, Paulo Roberto Telles, Kycia Maria Rodrigues do Ó, Clara Fumiko Tachibana Yoshida, and Francisco I. Bastos
- Subjects
intravenous substance abuse ,needle sharing ,hepatitis c virus ,street drugs ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
The context of first drug injection and its association with ongoing injecting practices and HCV (hepatitis C virus) infection were investigated. Injection drug users (IDUs) (N = 606) were recruited in "drug scenes" (public places, bars) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, interviewed, and tested for HCV. Sharing of needles/syringes was more prevalent at the first injection (51.3%) than at the baseline interview (36.8%). Those who shared syringes/needles at first injection were more likely to be currently engaged in direct/indirect sharing practices. Among young injectors (< 30 years), those reporting sharing of needles/ syringes at the first injection were about four times more likely to have been infected by HCV. Hepatitis C virus prevalence among active IDUs (n = 272) was 11%. Prison history and longer duration of drug injection were identified as independent predictors of HCV infection. To effectively curb HCV transmission among IDUs and minimize harms associated with risk behaviors, preventive strategies should target individuals initiating drug injection beginning with their very first injection and discourage the transition from non-injecting use to the self-injection of illicit drugs.
25. The contribution of two Brazilian multi-center studies to the assessment of HIV and HCV infection and prevention strategies among injecting drug users: the AjUDE-Brasil I and II Projects
- Author
-
Waleska Teixeira Caiaffa, Francisco I. Bastos, Lívia Leite de Freitas, Sueli Aparecida Mingoti, Fernando Augusto Proietti, Anna Bárbara Carneiro-Proietti, Denise Gandolfi, and Denise Doneda
- Subjects
uso indevido de drogas parenterais ,hiv ,vírus da hepatite c ,comportamento sexual ,homossexualidade masculina ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
This study assessed 1,144 Brazilian injecting drug users (IDUs) recruited on the street through outreach syringe exchange programs by two multi-center cross-sectional studies: 287 IDUs were recruited during the AjUDE-Brasil I Project and 857 during the AjUDE-Brasil II Project. IDU characteristics related to drug use and sexual behavior, and legal and health conditions for the two studies were compared, using decision tree and logistic regression for each individual study, with HIV infection as the outcome. Fifty-two percent of IDUs were HIV-infected in AjUDE I versus 36.5% in AjUDE II. In both studies, HIV infection was independently associated with: mean background HIV prevalence for each site (OR = 2.17; 10.66), HCV seropositive status (OR = 19.79; 15.48), and men who reported ever having sex with other men (OR = 2.10; 2.09). Incarceration (OR = 1.41) and 8 or more years of injecting drug (OR = 2.13) were also associated with HIV in AjUDE II. The high HIV infection rates and high prevalence of both parenteral and sexual risk behaviors in the context of syringe-exchange programs are of great concern and demand thorough surveillance and renewed prevention strategies.
26. Syringe exchange programs in Brazil: preliminary assessment of 45 programs
- Author
-
Elize Massard da Fonseca, José Mendes Ribeiro, Neilane Bertoni, and Francisco I. Bastos
- Subjects
Programas de Troca de Seringas ,Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida ,Uso Indevido de Drogas Parenterais ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the current operation of Brazilian syringe exchange programs (SEP). After consulting national and regional networks of people working in projects/ programs aiming to reduce drug-related harm, we identified 134 potential participant programs. Unfortunately, only 45 SEPs answered a survey, even after repeated attempts. The survey addressed: coverage, funding, procurement of basic supplies, managerial capacity, and the local political environment. Findings were triangulated with in-depth interviews with key informants. The main findings included: satisfactory adherence to the initiatives and adequate documentation, but deficiencies in terms of coverage and monitoring, and uneven procurement of resources. Program personnel work mostly on a provisional basis, despite the efforts of local coordinators. Most programs are funded by the National STDs/AIDS Program. A comprehensive agenda aiming to improve current operations should include: concerted efforts to improve local and regional databanks, incentives/sanctions toward full accountability of initiatives carried by the programs, and a genuine culture of monitoring and evaluation.
27. AIDS tem cor ou raça? Interpretação de dados e formulação de políticas de saúde no Brasil
- Author
-
Peter H. Fry, Simone Monteiro, Marcos Chor Maio, Francisco I. Bastos, and Ricardo Ventura Santos
- Subjects
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ,public policies ,racism ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Nos últimos anos observa-se uma ênfase numa suposta associação entre a epidemia de AIDS e a "população negra" no Brasil. Após proceder uma análise do banco de dados sobre a ocorrência de HIV/AIDS no Brasil, o presente estudo examina o contexto sóciopolítico envolvido na definição de políticas públicas de recorte racial no campo da saúde. Argumentamos que questões ligadas à qualidade dos dados, à estruturação do sistema de informação e ao uso e interpretação das informações são elementos essenciais na compreensão do processo em curso. Especificamente, procuramos mostrar que os dados epidemiológicos disponíveis não são suficientes para sustentar a interpretação de que existe uma associação específica entre "população negra" e AIDS no país. Salientamos que a ênfase nessa suposta associação faz parte de uma dinâmica relacionada à construção do campo da "saúde da população negra" em anos recentes, que se vincula a processos mais amplos de inter-relação entre ativismo político e relação com o Estado, que transcendem a área da saúde.
28. Debate on the paper by David Vlahov & David D. Celentano
- Author
-
Francisco I. Bastos and Marie-Claude Boily
- Subjects
Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270
29. Women who have undergone abortion in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: application of a Bayesian hierarchical model
- Author
-
Natália Santana, Paiva, Daniel Antunes Maciel, Villela, Leonardo Soares, Bastos, and Francisco I, Bastos
- Subjects
Adult ,Young Adult ,Adolescent ,Pregnancy ,Humans ,Abortion, Induced ,Bayes Theorem ,Female ,Cities ,Middle Aged ,Brazil - Abstract
Estimates of number of women who have undergone induced abortion in jurisdictions with restrictive abortion laws are still scarce in the scientific literature, and the disparate estimates from currently used methods call for the application of innovative estimation techniques such as new indirect methods. This need is especially acute in more densely populated areas, such as Brazil's state capitals, given the magnitude of unsafe abortions and the resulting risks and harms. The article aims to estimate the number of women who had induced abortions in the city of Rio de Janeiro in 2011, based on a Bayesian hierarchical model. The model was applied to data from a household survey that supported the use of the network scale-up method in the city of Rio de Janeiro, a Bayesian hierarchical model using indirect information based on the contact networks of randomly selected participants from the general population. Among the 1,758,145 women 15-49 years of age living in the city of Rio de Janeiro, 13,025 women (95%CrI: 10,635; 15,748) had induced abortions in 2011, resulting in a mean cumulative incidence of 7.41 (95%CrI: 6.05; 8.96) for every 1,000 women 15-49 years of age. The model's self-validation process identified patterns of underestimation in stigmatized subpopulations with low social visibility, such as women who have undergone induced abortion. Induced abortion is a common practice among women in the city of Rio de Janeiro. New indirect estimation methods can contribute to more precise measurement of this event, considering the context of illegality, and thereby contribute to appropriate health policies.Estimativas de mulheres que fizeram aborto provocado em localidades cujas leis são restritivas ainda são escassas na literatura científica, e a não coincidência de estimativas oriundas dos métodos hoje em uso clama pela aplicação de métodos inovadores, como novos métodos indiretos. Tal necessidade é especialmente aguda nas áreas mais densamente povoadas, como as capitais brasileiras, dada a magnitude do fenômeno e os danos e riscos daí decorrentes. O artigo objetiva estimar o número de mulheres que fez aborto provocado no Município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, em 2011, por meio de um modelo hierárquico bayesiano. Ele foi aplicado aos dados de um inquérito domiciliar que subsidiou a utilização do método network scale-up, no Município do Rio de Janeiro, um modelo hierárquico bayesiano utilizando as informações indiretas baseadas na rede de contatos dos participantes selecionados de forma aleatória da população. Das 1.758.145 mulheres de 15-49 anos residentes no Município do Rio de Janeiro (13.025; ICr95%: 10.635; 15.748) mulheres fizeram aborto provocado em 2011, resultando numa incidência acumulada média de 7,41 (ICr95%: 6,05; 8,96) para cada 1.000 mulheres de 15-49 anos. O estudo de autovalidação do modelo permitiu identificar padrões de subestimação em subpopulações estigmatizadas com baixa visibilidade social, como mulheres fizeram aborto provocado. O abortamento provocado é uma prática recorrente entre as mulheres no Município do Rio de Janeiro. Novos métodos de estimação indireta podem contribuir para a apreensão mais precisa do evento, considerando o contexto de ilegalidade, e contribuir para formulação de políticas de saúde.Las estimaciones de mujeres que tuvieron un aborto provocado en localidades cuyas leyes son restrictivas todavía son escasas en la literatura científica, y la no coincidencia de las estimaciones procedentes de los métodos hoy en uso reclama urgentemente la aplicación de métodos innovadores, como los nuevos métodos indirectos. Tal necesidad es especialmente acuciante en las áreas más densamente pobladas, como las capitales brasileñas, dada la magnitud del fenómeno y los daños y riesgos derivados de allí. El artículo tiene como objetivo estimar el número de mujeres que realizaron un aborto provocado en el Municipio de Río de Janeiro, Brasil, en 2011, a partir de un modelo jerárquico bayesiano. Este se aplicó a los datos de una encuesta domiciliaria que fomentó la utilización del método network scale-up, en el Municipio de Río de Janeiro, un modelo jerárquico bayesiano utilizando información indirecta, basada en la red de contactos de los participantes seleccionados de forma aleatoria en la población. De las 1.758.145 mujeres de 15-49 años, residentes en el Municipio de Río de Janeiro, 13.025 (ICr95%: 10.635; 15.748) mujeres tuvieron un aborto provocado en 2011, resultando en una incidencia acumulada media de 7,41 (ICr95%: 6,05; 8,96) para cada 1.000 mujeres de 15-49 años. El estudio de autovalidación del modelo permitió identificar patrones de subestimación en subpoblaciones estigmatizadas con baja visibilidad social, como las mujeres que tuvieron un aborto provocado. El aborto provocado es una práctica recurrente entre mujeres en el municipio de Río de Janeiro. Nuevos métodos de estimación indirecta pueden contribuir a la aprehensión más precisa de este evento, considerando el contexto de ilegalidad, y contribuir a la formulación de políticas de salud.
- Published
- 2018
30. Syringe exchange programs in Brazil: preliminary assessment of 45 programs Programas de redução de danos causados pelo uso de drogas no Brasil: caracterização preliminar de 45 programas
- Author
-
Elize Massard da Fonseca, José Mendes Ribeiro, Neilane Bertoni, and Francisco I. Bastos
- Subjects
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,lcsh:R ,Programas de Troca de Seringas ,Syringe-Exchange Programs ,lcsh:Medicine ,Uso Indevido de Drogas Parenterais ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida ,Intravenous Substance Abuse - Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the current operation of Brazilian syringe exchange programs (SEP). After consulting national and regional networks of people working in projects/ programs aiming to reduce drug-related harm, we identified 134 potential participant programs. Unfortunately, only 45 SEPs answered a survey, even after repeated attempts. The survey addressed: coverage, funding, procurement of basic supplies, managerial capacity, and the local political environment. Findings were triangulated with in-depth interviews with key informants. The main findings included: satisfactory adherence to the initiatives and adequate documentation, but deficiencies in terms of coverage and monitoring, and uneven procurement of resources. Program personnel work mostly on a provisional basis, despite the efforts of local coordinators. Most programs are funded by the National STDs/AIDS Program. A comprehensive agenda aiming to improve current operations should include: concerted efforts to improve local and regional databanks, incentives/sanctions toward full accountability of initiatives carried by the programs, and a genuine culture of monitoring and evaluation.O presente estudo buscou avaliar a operação cotidiana dos programas de troca de seringas brasileiros (conhecidos, no país, como PRD). Foram identificados 134 PRD, com base na compilação de informações das redes que atuam na área. Por intermédio de uma pesquisa, avaliou-se a cobertura dos programas, o seu financiamento, o controle de insumos, a sua capacidade organizacional e o contexto político local. Os achados, referentes a 45 programas (que, de fato, responderam à pesquisa, após repetidos contatos), foram triangulados com entrevistas com informantes-chave. Foi identificada adesão satisfatória às ações e adequada documentação e registro, mas deficiências de cobertura e monitoramento, além de descontinuidades quanto aos insumos. Os profissionais que atuam nos programas têm, em sua maioria, inserção profissional precária, embora haja coordenação local, na maior parte dos casos. A maioria dos programas é financiada por verbas provenientes do Programa Nacional de DST/AIDS. Uma agenda abrangente nesse campo deve compreender um aprimoramento dos bancos de dados oficiais referentes aos programas, incentivos/sanções e a exigência de que reportem corretamente as suas ações, além de investimento em monitoração e avaliação.
- Published
- 2006
31. 'The first shot': the context of first injection of illicit drugs, ongoing injecting practices, and hepatitis C infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil O contexto da primeira injeção de drogas ilícitas, práticas atuais de injeção e infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Author
-
Maria de Lourdes Aguiar Oliveira, Mariana A. Hacker, Sabrina Alberti Nóbrega de Oliveira, Paulo Roberto Telles, Kycia Maria Rodrigues do Ó, Clara Fumiko Tachibana Yoshida, and Francisco I. Bastos
- Subjects
Hepatitis C Virus ,Drogas Ilícitas ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,lcsh:R ,Street Drugs ,virus diseases ,lcsh:Medicine ,Uso Indevido de Drogas Parenterais ,Needle Sharing ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,Vírus da Hepatite C ,Uso Comum de Agulhas e Seringas ,Intravenous Substance Abuse - Abstract
The context of first drug injection and its association with ongoing injecting practices and HCV (hepatitis C virus) infection were investigated. Injection drug users (IDUs) (N = 606) were recruited in "drug scenes" (public places, bars) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, interviewed, and tested for HCV. Sharing of needles/syringes was more prevalent at the first injection (51.3%) than at the baseline interview (36.8%). Those who shared syringes/needles at first injection were more likely to be currently engaged in direct/indirect sharing practices. Among young injectors (< 30 years), those reporting sharing of needles/ syringes at the first injection were about four times more likely to have been infected by HCV. Hepatitis C virus prevalence among active IDUs (n = 272) was 11%. Prison history and longer duration of drug injection were identified as independent predictors of HCV infection. To effectively curb HCV transmission among IDUs and minimize harms associated with risk behaviors, preventive strategies should target individuals initiating drug injection beginning with their very first injection and discourage the transition from non-injecting use to the self-injection of illicit drugs.O trabalho investiga o contexto da primeira injeção de drogas e sua associação com práticas atuais de injeção e infecção pelo HCV (vírus da hepatite C). Usuários de drogas injetáveis (UDI) (N = 606) foram recrutados em cenas de uso (ruas, bares) do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, entrevistados e testados (anti-HCV). A freqüência de compartilhamento de agulhas e seringas foi superior na primeira injeção (51,3%), se comparada à atualmente referida (36,8%). Usuários que iniciaram o uso injetável compartilhando agulhas/seringas relataram uma freqüência significativamente maior de compartilhamento direto/indireto de agulhas/seringas nos últimos seis meses. A infecção pelo HCV foi quatro vezes mais prevalente entre UDI jovens (< 30 anos) que compartilharam agulhas e seringas na primeira injeção. A prevalência de anti-HCV foi 11% entre UDI ativos (n = 272) e se mostrou independentemente associada à história de prisão e à duração do uso de drogas injetáveis. A prevenção da disseminação do HCV nesta população requer a adoção de medidas de redução de riscos e danos associados à injeção de drogas já desde a primeira injeção ou, antes, um desestímulo à transição do uso não injetável para injetável.
- Published
- 2006
32. Crack in Brazil: a public health emergency
- Author
-
Francisco I, Bastos
- Subjects
Cocaine-Related Disorders ,Crack Cocaine ,Humans ,Public Health ,Brazil - Published
- 2012
33. [Alcohol and illicit drug use and its influence on the sexual behavior of teenagers from Minas Gerais State, Brazil]
- Author
-
Neilane, Bertoni, Francisco I, Bastos, Maeve Brito de, Mello, Maria Yolanda, Makuch, Maria Helena de, Sousa, Maria José, Osis, and Anibal, Faúndes
- Subjects
Male ,Chi-Square Distribution ,Adolescent ,Alcohol Drinking ,Illicit Drugs ,Substance-Related Disorders ,Sexual Behavior ,Sexually Transmitted Diseases ,Condoms ,Young Adult ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Risk-Taking ,Sex Factors ,Sexual Partners ,Adolescent Behavior ,Pregnancy ,Pregnancy in Adolescence ,Humans ,Female ,Child ,Brazil - Abstract
This article summarizes the findings of a survey including 5,981 students from public schools in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The analysis assessed the influence of drug use on sexual practices. Among the boys engaged in relationships with casual partners who stated having used illicit drugs, 55.7% reported consistent condom use, as compared to 65.4% among those not reporting such habits. Among boys engaged in relationships with stable partners who reported illicit drug use, consistent condom use was reported by 42.7%, versus 64.1% among those not reporting such habits. In the subgroup of boys engaged in stable relationships who did not report illicit drug use, consistent condom use was less frequent among those that used alcohol/cigarettes, compared to those who did not drink or smoke (60.7% vs. 71.1%). Girls were less likely than boys to use condoms consistently, regardless of the nature of their relationships, without a noticeable influence of drug use. Policies to prevent drug abuse, sexually transmitted diseases, and unplanned pregnancy should be fully integrated.
- Published
- 2008
34. [Reviews, systematic reviews, and essays in public health]
- Author
-
Francisco I, Bastos
- Subjects
Review Literature as Topic ,Humans ,Public Health - Published
- 2007
35. [Does AIDS have a race or color? Data interpretation and health policymaking in Brazil]
- Author
-
Peter H, Fry, Simone, Monteiro, Marcos Chor, Maio, Francisco I, Bastos, and Ricardo Ventura, Santos
- Subjects
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ,Health Policy ,Black People ,Humans ,Information Storage and Retrieval ,Policy Making ,Disease Notification ,Brazil ,Prejudice ,Information Systems - Abstract
Over the last few years we have observed a growing emphasis on a supposed relationship between the AIDS epidemic and the "black population" in Brazil. After undertaking an analysis of the national data base of HIV/AIDS in Brazil, this study examines the sociopolitical context in which public policy with a focus on "race" has been defined. We argue that questions related to the quality of the data, the structuring of the information system itself and the use and interpretation of this information are all essential elements for understanding the process underway. Specifically we aim to show that the available epidemiological data are not sufficient to warrant the interpretation that there is in fact a relationship between the "black population" and AIDS in the country. We stress that the emphasis on this supposed association is part of a more general process of construction of the field of the "health of the black population" in recent years and that this is related to interrelationships between political activism and the State which go far beyond the field of health.
- Published
- 2006
36. Debate on the paper by David VlahovDavid D. Celentano. The double dimension of care and management of injecting drug users living with HIV/AIDS
- Author
-
Francisco I, Bastos and Marie-Claude, Boily
- Subjects
Anti-HIV Agents ,Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ,Humans ,HIV Infections ,Substance Abuse, Intravenous ,Brazil - Published
- 2006
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