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Highlights advances in the pharmacological treatment of panic disorder with additional emphasis on dealing with treatment-resistance in older and younger patients. Differential diagnostic approach to reviewing possible causes for treatment failure; Factors specifically related to elderly and to very young; Suggestions for evaluation and treatment.

Studies the use of placebos in investigations of new treatments for panic disorder. Role of placebo in clinical trials; Placebo response rates; Clinical course of panic disorder; Active drug-placebo differences; Pharmacotherapy of panic disorder.

Describes an integrated treatment approach to panic disorder. Cognitive-behavioral approaches for the treatment of panic disorder; Combination of cognitive-behavioral methods with pharmacotherapy; Methods of enhancing the implementation of an integrated approach.

Reviews the pharmacological treatment of panic disorder. Goals of pharmacotherapy; Pharmacological agents used in panic disorders; Efficacy of treatment; Combination treatment.

Focuses on the treatment of anxiety disorders in the primary care setting. Prevalence of anxiety in primary care patients; Presentation of anxiety disorders in primary care; Recognition of anxiety and depression by primary care physicians; Treatment strategies for primary care providers.

Discusses challenges to providing effective integrated treatment for anxiety disorders (AD). Includes the reluctance of people with AD to consult psychiatrists; Inadequacy of diagnostic and treatment procedures in primary care settings; Difference in the prevalence of AD in men and women; Comorbidity of anxiety disorders with depression and addiction; Difficulty of selecting treatment plans for AD.

Proposes biological and behavioral models to elucidate the nature of agoraphobia. Clinical characteristics of panic disorder; Use of antipanic pharmacopoeia to treat panic disorders; Use of cognitive-behavioral therapy; Implications for practice and integrated treatment.

Describes the medical model of panic disorder and reviews psychopharmacological treatment options. Effectiveness of antidepressants and benzodiazepines; Symptoms of panic the disorder syndrome; Efficacy of combination treatments.

Examines integrated treatment of panic disorder and social phobia. Discussion on anxiety; Incidence of anxiety disorders; Pathological manifestations of anxiety; Three main treatment perspectives; Psychodynamic and supportive psychotherapy.

Studies psychopharmacological treatment of panic disorder. Discussion on panic disorder; Diagnosis of panic disorder; Primary goal of treatment; Phases in treatment.

Focuses on cognitive-behavioral treatment to panic disorder and social phobia. Neurobiological basis of anxiety disorders; Integration of psychological and biological advances at the level of psychopathology; Psychological manipulation on biological panic provocation.