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Presented is a discussion of the tendency of modern science to repress innovation principally through a complete lack of support or rejection of nonconforming scientists. (SL)

Provided is a summary of the 26th Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs held August 26-31, 1976, in Muhlhausen, East Germany. World problems discussed included: arms limitations, military research and development, nuclear test ban, alternative energy sources, and genetic engineering. (SL)

Argues for the 1979 World Conference on Science and Technology for Development to review "real" issues relating to the internal causes of scientific and technological backwardness of the less developed countries. (SL)

Discusses the potential importance and the major issues of the United Nations (UN) Conference on Science and Technology for Development to be held in 1979. (SL)

Discusses the impact of fellowship programs that send scientists and engineers to work in United States congressional offices. (SL)

Summarizes the findings and conclusions of the 1976 Pugwash Conference. Issues discussed included limits on individual income or consumption, natural resource usage, arms influx into developing nations, nuclear arms control, transfer of peaceful nuclear technology, and rising military expenditures. (GS)

A historian looks back at the classic "science and society" debate in England before World War II and examines its impact on mid-century thought on both sides of the Atlantic. (Author/BT)

Presents the views of a Nobel Prize winner regarding problems in the relationship between scientific enterprise and society. Examples are given from cancer research relating to cost-benefit misunderstandings and the decision-making machinery that chooses priorities in science. Further examples from recombinant DNA research relate to society's distrust of science and scientists. (CS)

Research reveals that many academic members of governmental science advisory committees are also members of boards of directors of large corporations. The apparent conflict of interest places science at the disposal of the military and industrial complex. Scientists involved in policy making should be independent, unbiased advisors. (MR)

Discusses the difficulties associated with maintaining the absolutely essential flow of independent and socially aware minds into science, especially those created by the tendencies to scientism in existing science.'' (Author/AL)

Presents examples which illustrate the importance of space exploration in diverse aspects of scientific knowledge. Indicates that human beings are today not wise enough to anticipate the practical benefits of planetary studies. (CC)

Discusses the influence of tradition in science on selection of scientific problems and methods and on the use of concepts as tools for research work. Indicates that future research studies will be directed toward the change of fundamental concepts in such fields as astrophysics, molecular biology, and environmental science. (CC)

Defines the differences between science and technology and discusses the diverse ways in which they have contributed to human welfare. Future human welfare and the condition of nations will depend upon the degree of commitment by governments and individual scientists, engineers, and technicians to the development of technology. (JR)

Man made great strides in technological development which has subsequently caused environmental and emotional deterioration. Perhaps cultures should be measured by social advancement not by technical advancement. Ultimately responsibility rests with the public (not politicians and corporate managers) to determine quality of life. (MR)

(1979). Mass science in China. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists: Vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 27-30.

Turmoil of the 1930s and 1940s stimulated widespread discussion of the contemporary and historical relationships of science and society; the resulting debate led to greater appreciation on both sides of the Atlantic of the rights and duties of scientists

Planners of the U.N. Conference on Science and Technology should consider why some countries are so backward

When MIT made a biotech deal, David Noble cried foul—and was denied tenure. Other critics question whether the new corporate culture on campus is interfering with traditional academic norms and the public interest.

Congressional science fellows have had a warm welcome; now many of them are part of the power structure

Sacrifice of some cherished ideals of rigor and purity will be necessary if science is to contribute more fully to the solution of society's problems

(1972). The Youth Culture and the Socially Concerned Scientist. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists: Vol. 28, No. 9, pp. 16-21.

How can science and technology best be employed for the benefit of all mankind? A national science policy is needed to “provide the goals, priorities and needed direction for the nation's scientific enterprise in the last quarter of this century,” suggests former Congressman Emilio Q. Daddario. He proposes also a new type of cooperative mechanism, an International Science Policy Committee.The author is the former chairman of the Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Development of the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Science and Astronautics. This statement was presented to the House Committee at its 12th meeting with the Panel on Science and Technology, Jan. 26–28, 1971.

“The exploration of space permits us to see our planet and ourselves in a new light. We are like linguists on an isolated island where only one language is spoken. We can construct general theories of language, but we have only one example to examine.” Carl Sagan is director of the Laboratory for Planetary Studies and professor of astronomy at Cornell University. This excerpt Is from his book The Cosmic Connection: An Extraterrestrial Perspective, which is to be published by Doubleday & Company, Inc., in November 1973 (Copyright © 1973 by Carl Sagan and Jerome Agel).