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This paper analyzed the strong motion characteristics based on 86 three-component strong motion records of the MW 6.6 Luding earthquake. Additionally, the factors that influence the variation in ground motion for three earthquakes with similar magnitude in Sichuan Province were investigated. The analysis result indicates a strong correlation between the observed ground motion parameters and the distribution of published Modified Mercalli Intensity. The residual analysis reveals that the spectral accelerations at periods 0.1–10.0 s are amplified to 0.0798–0.3057 times the mean level in the rupture forward direction and weakened to 0.0738–0.2831 times the mean level in the rupture backward direction. The maximum pulse direction recorded by the 51LDJ station is N6°E, aligning with the vertical fault direction. The velocity pulses has distinct bidirectional pulses in the waveforms, with a PGV of 37.0 cm/s. The source effect of the strike-slip MW 6.6 Luding and MW 6.5 Jiuzhaigou earthquakes on ground motion is relatively less significant compared to the average level of mainshocks in southwest China. However, the thrust-fault MW 6.7 Lushan earthquake exhibits a stronger source effect on ground motion during short and medium periods, but a weaker source effect during long periods when compared to the average level. The anelastic attenuation of the Longmenshan, Xianshuihe, and Huya fault zones in Sichuan exhibits significant regional variation and periodic correlation. This phenomenon is closely linked to the regional tectonic background variations and the heterogeneity of crustal structure within the area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]