1. Immunotherapy and patients treated for cancer with microsatellite instability
- Author
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Daniel Lopez-Trabada, Isabelle Trouilloud, Yann Parc, Olivier Lascols, Thierry André, Jean-François Fléjou, Magali Svrcek, Alex Duval, Romain Cohen, Delphine Cochereau, Jérémie H. Lefevre, Raphael Colle, and Pauline Afchain
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Oncology ,congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Colorectal cancer ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Biology ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary ,Stomach Neoplasms ,Neoplasms ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,neoplasms ,Brain Neoplasms ,Endometrial cancer ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,Cancer ,Microsatellite instability ,Cell Cycle Checkpoints ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,Hematology ,General Medicine ,Immunotherapy ,medicine.disease ,Immunohistochemistry ,digestive system diseases ,Lynch syndrome ,Immune checkpoint ,Endometrial Neoplasms ,3. Good health ,Phenotype ,030104 developmental biology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Female ,Microsatellite Instability ,DNA mismatch repair ,Colorectal Neoplasms - Abstract
Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a tumor phenotype linked to somatic or germline (Lynch syndrome) inactivating alterations of DNA mismatch repair genes. A broad spectrum of neoplasms exhibits MSI phenotype, mainly colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, and gastric cancer. MSI tumors are characterized by dense immune infiltration and high load of tumor neo-antigens. Growing evidence is accumulating on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibition for patients treated for MSI solid tumors. We present a comprehensive overview of MSI phenotype, its biological landscape and current diagnostic methods. Then we focus on MSI as a predictive biomarker of response to immune checkpoint inhibition in the context of colorectal cancer and non-colorectal tumors.
- Published
- 2017