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The CO 2 concentration of a Tianjin primary school classroom is measured in winter. The average values reach 1904 ppm and 2415 ppm near the end of the first and second lessons, respectively. Hence, to meet the primary standard of 1000 ppm from "Specification of indoor air quality for classroom of elementary and secondary school" (T/CAQI27-2017), a new energy saving ventilation system assisted by transpired solar air collectors is proposed. The energy saving ventilation system is comprehensively analyzed not only in term of ventilation effect but also in terms of energy savings, environmental protection and economic effects. The conclusions demonstrate that the indoor average values of CO 2 concentration for the new system are all reduced to below 1000 ppm in November, December, January, February and March, according to the data provided by Tianjin Eco-Environmental Monitoring Center from 2011 to 2013. The average value of hourly solar fractions can be as high as 34.3% over a heating season. Although the economic effect of the new system is not the best, both its energy saving effect and environmental protection effect are significant. • An energy saving ventilation system using solar air heating technology is proposed. • Indoor average CO 2 concentrations in whole winter are all reduced to below 1000 ppm. • Average value of hourly solar fraction can be as high as 34.3% over a heating season. • A comprehensive analysis of the new system is made compared to three other systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]