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Aims: To report the histopathology of two specimens of polypoidol choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) obtained from two eyes of Japanese patients. Methods: Specimens were obtained under direct visualisation during macular translocation [...]

Eight patients with cone-rod dystrophy were examined by means of vitreous fluorophotometry. The data in three patients with an early stage of retinitis pigmentosa (rod-cone dystrophy) served for comparison. In contrast with the abnormal findings on vitreous fluorophotometry in patients with an early stage of retinitis pigmentosa the value of vitreous fluorophotometry in cone-rod dystrophy was within the normal range in all patients except the two with advanced stages of this disease. Our results suggest that, although both diseases are based on diffuse dystrophy of photoreceptors, and the final stages of the two diseases may show several similar features, the process of breakdown of the blood retinal barrier differs greatly in the two diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

We examined 15 Japanese patients who had gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina with hyperornithinaemia. Their visual acuities fell to 0.2 or worse in the second or third decade of life. Myopia developed late in the first decade, and the refractions decreased to -10 or -15 dioptres at age 20. Tunnel vision developed at approximately age 20. Our results suggested that the visual functions of Japanese patients were worse in the third decade or later than similarly affected Finnish patients. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Background/aims: To evaluate the electroretinographic (ERG) changes in the early postoperative period following glaucoma filtration surgery, and its relationship with choroidal detachment (CD)., Methods: This retrospective observational single-centre study included 57 consecutive patients with primary open-angle glaucoma who underwent unilateral glaucoma filtration surgery. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of CD. ERG components, including the photopic negative response (PhNR), a-wave and b-wave were compared before and after surgery using skin electrodes., Results: There were 46 patients in the non-CD group and 11 in the CD group. ERG was recorded within 5.1 (2.1 to 8.1) (mean (95% CI)) days after surgery. In the non-CD group, the PhNR amplitude, PhNR/b-wave amplitude ratio and PhNR implicit time improved significantly after surgery (p=0.008, 0.002 and 0.039, respectively). In the CD group, the amplitude of the PhNR, a-wave and b-wave were significantly deteriorated after surgery (p=0.002, 0.001 and 0.001, respectively). Postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) (p=0.031) and postoperative CD (p<0.001) were significantly associated with change in the PhNR amplitude in the univariate models. In the multivariate analysis, severe CD (stage 3) cases tended to be deteriorated more., Conclusion: Even in the early postoperative period within several days, the PhNR amplitude increased with IOP lowering following filtration surgery in the absence of CD. The presence of CD may arrest the improvement of the retinal ganglion cell function. The present results enhance understanding the structural and functional recovery after glaucoma surgery and the role of postoperative CD., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.)

Aims: To assess macular function in patients with macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs) using focal macular electroretinography (FMERG)., Methods: This is a prospective, observational case series of 27 patients diagnosed with a macula-on RRD. Foveal attachment was confirmed on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Eyes with any macular disorder, cataract, vitreous opacity or vitreous haemorrhage were excluded. FMERG was recorded in the affected and fellow eyes using a round stimulus 15° in diameter. The status of four retinal factors in the affected eyes was examined, that is, the number of involved quadrants, number of quadrants with retinal breaks, presence of an RRD invading the vascular arcade, and presence of a giant retinal tear. The implicit time and amplitude of the a-wave, b-wave and oscillatory potentials (OPs) were compared between the affected and fellow eyes using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The influence of the four retinal factors on each FMERG component of the affected eyes was also evaluated using Mann-Whitney U  test and Kruskal-Wallis test., Results: Significant reductions in the amplitudes of the a-waves (p=0.001), b-waves (p<0.001) and OPs (p=0.001) were observed in the affected eyes compared with the fellow eyes. There was no significant difference between the affected and fellow eyes in the implicit times of any components. None of the four retinal factors affected the parameters in the affected eyes., Conclusion: Altered FMERG responses suggested the presence of macular dysfunction in eyes with macula-on RRDs., Competing Interests: Competing interests: KA has received lecture fees from Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Osaka, Japan), Bayer Japan (Osaka, Japan) and Alcon Pharma (Tokyo, Japan). KF is a paid consultant of Astellas Pharma Inc. (Tokyo, Japan) and Kubota Pharmaceutical Holdings Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). KF has received lecture fees from Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Osaka, Japan), Japan Ophthalmological Society (Tokyo, Japan), Japanese Retinitis Pigmentosa Society (Tokyo, Japan). TN has received lecture fees from Alcon Pharma (Tokyo, Japan), HOYA Corporation (Tokyo, Japan), Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Osaka, Japan), Leica Microsystems (Heerbrugg, Switzerland), and Topcon Corporation (Tokyo, Japan), and honoraria from Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. KW, KT and YM reported no competing interests., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)