6 results on '"Rønnestad, I."'
Search Results
2. Pre-digestion of dietary lipids has only minor effects on absorption, retention and metabolism in larval stages of Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua)
- Author
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Hamre, K, Lukram, I M, Rønnestad, I, Nordgreen, A, and Sæle, O
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. First feed affects the expressions of microRNA and their targets in Atlantic cod - CORRIGENDUM.
- Author
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Bizuayehu TT, Furmanek T, Karlsen Ø, van der Meeren T, Edvardsen RB, Rønnestad I, Hamre K, Johansen SD, and Babiak I
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Methionine deficiency does not increase polyamine turnover through depletion of hepatic S-adenosylmethionine in juvenile Atlantic salmon.
- Author
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Espe M, Andersen SM, Holen E, Rønnestad I, Veiseth-Kent E, Zerrahn JE, and Aksnes A
- Subjects
- Acetyltransferases genetics, Acetyltransferases metabolism, Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase genetics, Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase metabolism, Animals, Aquaculture, Deficiency Diseases metabolism, Deficiency Diseases prevention & control, Diet adverse effects, Energy Intake, Fish Proteins genetics, Fish Proteins metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Lipid Metabolism, Liver growth & development, Liver pathology, Methionine metabolism, Methionine therapeutic use, Muscle, Skeletal metabolism, Muscle, Skeletal pathology, Norway, Ornithine Decarboxylase genetics, Ornithine Decarboxylase metabolism, Plant Proteins adverse effects, Putrescine metabolism, Salmo salar metabolism, Spermine metabolism, Weight Gain, Deficiency Diseases veterinary, Diet veterinary, Liver metabolism, Methionine deficiency, Polyamines metabolism, S-Adenosylmethionine metabolism, Salmo salar growth & development
- Abstract
During the last few decades, plant protein ingredients such as soya proteins have replaced fishmeal in the diets of aquacultured species. This may affect the requirement and metabolism of methionine as soya contains less methionine compared with fishmeal. To assess whether methionine limitation affects decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine availability and polyamine status, in the present study, juvenile Atlantic salmon were fed a methionine-deficient plant protein-based diet or the same diet supplemented with dl-methionine for 8 weeks. The test diets were compared with a fishmeal-based control diet to assess their effects on the growth performance of fish. Methionine limitation reduced growth and protein accretion, but when fish were fed the dl-methionine-supplemented diet their growth and protein accretion equalled those of fish fed the fishmeal-based control diet. Methionine limitation reduced free methionine concentrations in the plasma and muscle, while those in the liver were not affected. S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) concentrations were higher in the liver of fish fed the methionine-deficient diet, while S-adenosylhomocysteine concentrations were not affected. Putrescine concentrations were higher and spermine concentrations were lower in the liver of fish fed the methionine-deficient diet, while the gene expression of SAM decarboxylase (SAMdc) and the rate-limiting enzyme of polyamine synthesis ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) was not affected. Polyamine turnover, as assessed by spermine/spermidine acetyltransferase (SSAT) abundance, activity and gene expression, was not affected by treatment. However, the gene expression of the cytokine TNF-α increased in fish fed the methionine-deficient diet, indicative of stressful conditions in the liver. Even though taurine concentrations in the liver were not affected by treatment, methionine and taurine concentrations in muscle decreased due to methionine deficiency. Concomitantly, liver phospholipid and cholesterol concentrations were reduced, while NEFA concentrations were elevated. In conclusion, methionine deficiency did not increase polyamine turnover through depletion of hepatic SAM, as assessed by SSAT activity and abundance.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Dietary arginine affects energy metabolism through polyamine turnover in juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).
- Author
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Andersen SM, Holen E, Aksnes A, Rønnestad I, Zerrahn JE, and Espe M
- Subjects
- Acetyltransferases biosynthesis, Acetyltransferases genetics, Acetyltransferases metabolism, Adipose Tissue, White enzymology, Adipose Tissue, White growth & development, Adipose Tissue, White metabolism, Animals, Aquaculture, Arginine administration & dosage, Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase biosynthesis, Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase genetics, Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase metabolism, Diet adverse effects, Dietary Proteins adverse effects, Dietary Proteins metabolism, Enzyme Induction, Fish Proteins biosynthesis, Fish Proteins genetics, Fish Proteins metabolism, Isoenzymes biosynthesis, Isoenzymes genetics, Isoenzymes metabolism, Lipid Metabolism, Liver enzymology, Liver growth & development, Liver metabolism, Muscle, Skeletal growth & development, Muscle, Skeletal metabolism, Ornithine blood, Ornithine metabolism, Ornithine Decarboxylase biosynthesis, Ornithine Decarboxylase genetics, Ornithine Decarboxylase metabolism, Plant Proteins adverse effects, Plant Proteins metabolism, Putrescine metabolism, Salmo salar blood, Salmo salar growth & development, Arginine metabolism, Diet veterinary, Dietary Supplements, Energy Metabolism, Polyamines metabolism, Salmo salar metabolism
- Abstract
In the present study, quadruplicate groups of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were fed plant protein-based diets with increasing arginine inclusions (range 28·8-37·4 g/kg DM) to investigate whether arginine supplementation affects growth and lipid accumulation through an elevated polyamine turnover. Dietary lysine was held at a constant concentration, just below the requirement. All other amino acids were balanced and equal in the diets. Arginine supplementation increased protein and fat accretion, without affecting the hepatosomatic or visceralsomatic indices. Dietary arginine correlated with putrescine in the liver (R 0·78, P= 0·01) and with ornithine in the muscle, liver and plasma (P= 0·0002, 0·003 and 0·0002, respectively). The mRNA of ornithine decarboxylase, the enzyme producing putrescine, was up-regulated in the white adipose tissue of fish fed the high-arginine inclusion compared with those fed the low-arginine diet. Concomitantly, spermidine/spermine-(N1)-acetyltransferase, the rate-limiting enzyme for polyamine turnover that consumes acetyl-CoA, showed an increased activity in the liver of fish fed the arginine-supplemented diets. In addition, lower acetyl-CoA concentrations were observed in the liver of fish fed the high-arginine diet, while ATP, which is used in the process of synthesising spermidine and spermine, did not show a similar trend. Gene expression of the rate-limiting enzyme for β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids, carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1, was up-regulated in the liver of fish fed the high-arginine diet. Taken together, the data support that increased dietary arginine activates polyamine turnover and β-oxidation in the liver of juvenile Atlantic salmon and may act to improve the metabolic status of the fish.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Dietary protein:lipid ratio and lipid nature affects fatty acid absorption and metabolism in a teleost larva.
- Author
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Morais S, Koven W, Rønnestad I, Dinis MT, and Conceição LE
- Subjects
- Absorption, Animals, Artemia metabolism, Docosahexaenoic Acids metabolism, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified metabolism, Flatfishes growth & development, Lipid Peroxides metabolism, Liver metabolism, Oleic Acid metabolism, Phosphatidylcholines metabolism, Stearic Acids metabolism, Triolein metabolism, Dietary Proteins metabolism, Fatty Acids metabolism, Flatfishes metabolism, Lipid Metabolism
- Abstract
Studies with teleost larvae have reported poor performance associated with quantitative lipid imbalances in the diet. The present study examined the effect of dietary protein:neutral lipid ratio on fatty acid (FA) absorption efficiency and metabolism in larval Senegalese sole. In addition, the effect of lipid class (triolein (TRI) and l-3-phosphatidylcholine-1,2-di-oleoyl (PC)), carbon number and degree of saturation of the labelled NEFA, stearic acid (SA), oleic acid (OA) and DHA) was tested. FA absorption was determined by tube feeding [1-14C]-labelled lipids and NEFA after a single meal of either non-enriched Artemia (NEA) or Artemia enriched on a soyabean oil emulsion (EA), or after feeding these diets over an extended period of time (18 d). The tested dietary protein:lipid ratios had no short-term influence but long-term feeding of a diet higher in neutral lipid (EA) increased lipid accumulation within the gut epithelium and resulted in lower FA absorption (higher label evacuation and lower retention of dietary FA), which may partially explain the trend for lower growth observed with this diet. The lipids and NEFA, showed different digestive and metabolic properties, independent of feeding regime. FA absorption increased with unsaturation, being lowest for SA, followed by OA, and highest for DHA. In addition, sole larvae had a lower capacity to digest and absorb FA esterified to TRI, compared with PC, with the order of decreasing absorption being NEFA>PC>>TRI. Moreover, larvae appeared to discriminate between the source of OA, as this FA in the free form or esterified to PC was catabolised less than TRI.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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