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Start Over Author "Ashtiani M" Journal british journal of biomedical science
7 results on '"Ashtiani M"'

5. Genotypic characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosastrains circulating in the tertiary referral Children's Medical Hospital in Tehran, Iran

Author

Pourakbari, B., Movahedi, Z., Mahmoudi, S., Sabouni, F., Ashtiani, M. T. H., Sadeghi, R. H., and Mamishi, S.

Abstract

ABSTRACTPseudomonas aeruginosais an important pathogen with the ability to cause infection in all departments of the hospital, especially in intensive care units (ICUs). The aim of this study is to analyse the epidemiological relationships among clinical P. aeruginosastrains isolated from different wards of the Children's Medical Center Hospital (Tehran, Iran). These isolates were identified by standard laboratory procedures and tested for antimicrobial resistance to several antibiotic agents. The genetic similarity of the strains was investigated by amplification of the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence (ERIC-PCR). During the study period, 87 non-duplicate patients were colonised or infected with P. aeruginosa. Among the isolates, resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam was low (27%), followed by amikacin (31%), gentamicin (33%), imipenem (33%), ciprofloxacin (36%) and meropenem (39%). Thirty-five patients (40.2%) were either colonised or infected with a multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosastrain (MDRP) over a one-year period, and 17 isolates were non-susceptible to all the tested antibiotics. One predominant profile (D) was identified in 59 strains. This profile first appeared in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and infection ward in June 2010, and circulated around all wards up to the end of the study period. Of the 35 MDRP 22 (62.8%) were found to be profile D. Molecular typing of the isolates suggests considerable cross-transmission of P. aeruginosanot only between patients in one ward but also between patients from different wards. This can be explained partly by the high number of patients transferred between different wards of the hospital.

Published
2012
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7. Investigation of ERG11 gene expression among fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans: first report from an Iranian referral paediatric hospital.

Author

Teymuri M, Mamishi S, Pourakbari B, Mahmoudi S, Ashtiani MT, Sadeghi RH, and Yadegari MH

Subjects
Female, Hospitals, Pediatric statistics & numerical data, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Iran, Male, Antifungal Agents, Candida albicans genetics, Drug Resistance, Fungal genetics, Fluconazole, Fungal Proteins genetics
Abstract

The multiplicity of mechanisms of resistance to azole antifungal agents has been described. As fluconazole-resistant clinical Candida albicans isolates that constitutively over-express ERG11 have been identified in previous studies, the aim of this study is to investigate this molecular mechanism involved in fluconazole resistance of C. albicans clinical isolates. Fluconazole susceptibility testing was carried out on clinical isolates of Candida spp. obtained from hospitalised children in an Iranian referral children's hospital. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) technique was used to differentiate Candida spp. The resistant C. albicans isolates were subjected to RT-qPCR using primers that identify ERG11 gene expression. Of the 142 Candida spp. isolates studied, C. albicans was the most predominant isolate, occurring in 68.3% (97/142) of the patients. According to the CLSI method, the majority of the C. albicans isolates (91.7%, 89/97), categorised as susceptible (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] ≤8 μg/mL), five isolates were considered resistant (MIC ≤64 μg/mL) and three had dose-dependent susceptibility (MIC = 8.16-32 μg/mL). The ERG11 gene in the five fluconazole-resistant C. albicans isolates was upregulated 4.15-5.84-fold relative to the ATCC 10231 control strain. In this study, the expression of ERG11 was upregulated in all the fluconazole-resistant C. albicans isolates. There are limited data on the antifungal susceptibility of Candida spp. as well as the molecular mechanism of azole resistance in Iran, especially for isolates causing infections in children. Therefore, the surveillance of antifungal resistance patterns and investigation of other mechanisms of azole resistance in all Candida spp. isolates is recommended.

Published
2015
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