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Rinossinusite Nosocomial é uma complicação frequente de pacientes tratados em UTI. É importante o diagnóstico e tratamento precoce para prevenir complicações graves como pneumonia, sepse, meningite e abscesso intracraniano. OBJETIVO: Identificar os agentes causadores de sinusite em UTI através do swab nasal e da punção de seio maxilar, correlacionando seus resultados. MÉTODO: Pacientes atendidos nas unidades de terapia intensiva com diagnóstico tomográfico de sinusopatia maxilar uni ou bilateral foram submetidos ao swab nasal e punção do seio acometido com material enviado para cultura e antibiograma. RESULTADOS: O presente estudo avaliou 22 pacientes. Houve concordância entre o agente microbiano isolado no swab e na punção em 14 dos 22 casos (63%). A flora aeróbia gram negativa foi a mais encontrada com predomínio da Pseudomonas aeruginosa (29% nas punções), seguido de Proteus mirabillis (26%) e Acinetobacter baumanni (14%). Houve alto índice de resistência aos antibióticos usados. CONCLUSÃO: A punção direta do seio maxilar acometido em pacientes em UTI com sinusite parece ser o melhor método para identificar os agentes bacterianos e, através do seu antibiograma, direcionar a conduta terapêutica antimicrobiana. O swab mostrou ter pouco valor diagnóstico, com concordância de 63%, podendo ser reservado para casos onde a punção está contraindicada.Nosocomial sinusitis is a common complication of patients in ICUs. Its diagnosis is important, and early treatment is required to avoid serious complications such as pneumonia, sepsis, meningitis, and intracranial abscesses. AIM: To identify the germs causing sinusitis in ICUs by nasal swabs and maxillary sinus puncture, and to correlate these results. METHODS: ICU patients with a diagnosis (CT confirmed) of maxillary sinusitis underwent nasal swab and puncture of the sinus to collect material for culture and antibiogram. RESULTS: This study evaluated 22 patients. The microbial agent isolated in the swab correlated with the agent in the puncture in 14 of 22 cases (63%). Gram-negative bacteria were the most frequent, as follows: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (29% of punctures), following by Proteus mirabillis (26%) and Acinetobacter baumanni (14%). The resistance index in the antibiogram was high to antibiotics. CONCLUSION: Maxillary sinus puncture of ICU patients with sinusitis appears to be the best method for identifying bacteria; antibiograms demonstrate resistance to therapy. The swab has little diagnostic value; the correlation was 63%. It may be used when sinus puncture is contraindicated.

Abstract Introduction: Inflammatory conditions of the nose and paranasal sinuses are very prevalent in the general population, resulting in marked loss of quality of life in affected patients, as well as significant work, leisure, and social activity losses. These patients require specific and specialized treatment. A wide range of oral medications are available. Objective: The present document is aimed to clarify, for professionals treating patients with inflammatory sinonasal diseases, both specialists and general practitioners, specific oral therapies in noninfectious nasal inflammatory conditions. Methods: The methodology used to create this article included the search for the key words: oral corticosteroids, antihistamines, antileukotrienes, rhinitis, rhinosinusitis in the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases in the last 5 years. Since no relevant article was found for the text on the subject of interest in the last 5 years, the search was extended for another 5 years, and so on, according to the authors’ needs. Results: Relevant literature was found regarding the use of antihistamines, antileukotrienes and oral corticosteroids in these conditions. The Brazilian Academy of Rhinology emphasizes, after extensive discussion by the collegiate, key points in the treatment with these drugs. Conclusion: There is support in the literature for the use of these drugs; however, final considerations about the role of each of them have been made.

Unlabelled: Nosocomial sinusitis is a common complication of patients in ICUs. Its diagnosis is important, and early treatment is required to avoid serious complications such as pneumonia, sepsis, meningitis, and intracranial abscesses., Aim: To identify the germs causing sinusitis in ICUs by nasal swabs and maxillary sinus puncture, and to correlate these results., Methods: ICU patients with a diagnosis (CT confirmed) of maxillary sinusitis underwent nasal swab and puncture of the sinus to collect material for culture and antibiogram., Results: This study evaluated 22 patients. The microbial agent isolated in the swab correlated with the agent in the puncture in 14 of 22 cases (63%). Gram-negative bacteria were the most frequent, as follows: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (29% of punctures), following by Proteus mirabillis (26%) and Acinetobacter baumanni (14%). The resistance index in the antibiogram was high to antibiotics., Conclusion: Maxillary sinus puncture of ICU patients with sinusitis appears to be the best method for identifying bacteria; antibiograms demonstrate resistance to therapy. The swab has little diagnostic value; the correlation was 63%. It may be used when sinus puncture is contraindicated.