25 results on '"Biomassa"'
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2. Distribution, screening and biochemical characterization of indigenous microalgae for bio-mass and bio-energy production potential from three districts of Pakistan.
- Author
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Najeeb, M. I., Ahmad, M.-D., Anjum, A. A., Maqbool, A., Ali, M. A., Nawaz, M., Ali, T., and Manzoor, R.
- Subjects
STAINS & staining (Microscopy) ,GAS as fuel ,AGRICULTURAL wastes ,PETROLEUM as fuel ,LIPID analysis - Abstract
Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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3. Genetic diversity based on multivariate techniques in elephant grass genotypes for bioenergy.
- Author
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Vidal, A. K. F., Daher, R. F., Freitas, R. S., Santana, J. G. S., Stida, W. F., Ambrósio, M., Silva, V. B., Souza, A. G., Nascimento, M. R., Santos, R. M., Leite, C. L., and Farias, J. E. C.
- Subjects
CENCHRUS purpureus ,BIOMASS energy ,HIERARCHICAL clustering (Cluster analysis) ,BIOMASS production ,GENETIC variation - Abstract
Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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4. Mitigation of the effects of salt stress in cowpea bean through the exogenous aplication of brassinosteroid.
- Author
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Sousa, D. J. P., Nogueira, G. A. S., Teixeira, K. B. S., Monteiro, G. G. T. N., Brito, A. E. A., Nascimento, V. R., Albuquerque, G. D. P., Oliveira, T. J. M., Souza, L. C., Freitas, J. M. N., Oliveira Neto, C. F., and Okumura, R. S.
- Subjects
COWPEA ,NITRATE reductase ,BEANS ,SALTS ,BRASSINOSTEROIDS ,SALT - Abstract
Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
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5. Distribuição, triagem e caracterização bioquímica de microalgas indígenas para a produção de biomassa e bioenergia de três distritos do Paquistão
- Author
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M. I. Najeeb, M.-D. Ahmad, A. A. Anjum, A. Maqbool, M. A. Ali, M. Nawaz, T. Ali, and R. Manzoor
- Subjects
biomass ,biomassa ,microalgae ,biocombustível ,coloração com vermelho do Nilo ,Carbohydrates ,Water ,Nile red staining ,infravermelho com transformada de Fourier ,Lipids ,Fourier transform infrared ,microalgas ,Biofuels ,Microalgae ,biofuel ,Pakistan ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences - Abstract
Trend of biofuel production from microalgal triacylglycerols is enhancing, because this substrate is a good sustainable and advantageous alternative to oil and gas fuel. In the present study, indigenous micro algal isolates were screened from water (n=30) and soil (n=30) samples collected from three districts of Punjab, Pakistan to evaluate their biofuel production potential. The samples were inoculated on BG – 11 agar medium plates by incubating at room temperature of 25°C providing 1000 lux for 16h light cycle followed by 8h of dark cycle for 15 d. Water samples were found to be rich in microalgae and 65.33% microalgae (49 isolates) were isolated from Faisalabad district. On the basis of microscopic morphology microalgal isolates (n=180) were selected and subjected to lipid detection by Nile red staining assay. Nile red positive isolates (n=23) were processed for biochemical (lipid, protein and carbohydrates) characterization. AIN63 isolate showed higher lipids (17.4%) content as detected by micro vanillin assay. Algal isolate AIN128 showed best protein contents (42.91%) detected by Bradford assay and AIN172 isolate showed higher carbohydrate contents (73.83%) as detected by anthrone assay. The selected algal isolates were also analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for confirmation of carbohydrate, protein and lipid analysis. These indigenous algae have the potential for in-vitro biofuel production from agricultural waste. Resumo A tendência de produção de biocombustíveis a partir de triacilgliceróis de microalgas está aumentando, porque esse substrato é uma boa alternativa sustentável e vantajosa ao combustível de petróleo e gás. No presente estudo, isolados de microalgas indígenas foram selecionados de amostras de água (n = 30) e solo (n = 30) coletadas em três distritos de Punjab, Paquistão, para avaliar seu potencial de produção de biocombustíveis. As amostras foram inoculadas em placas de meio BG – 11 agar por incubação em temperatura ambiente de 25°C proporcionando 1000 lux por 16h de ciclo claro seguido de 8h de escuro por 15 dias. As amostras de água foram ricas em microalgas e 65.33% de microalgas (49 isolados) foram isolados do distrito de Faisalabad. Com base na morfologia microscópica, isolados de microalgas (n = 180) foram selecionados e submetidos à detecção de lipídios por ensaio de coloração com vermelho do Nilo. Isolados positivos para vermelho do Nilo (n = 23) foram processados para caracterização bioquímica (lipídica, proteica e de carboidratos). O isolado AIN63 apresentou maior teor de lipídios (17.4%) conforme detectado pelo ensaio de microvanilina. O isolado de alga AIN128 apresentou os melhores teores de proteína (42.91%) detectados pelo ensaio de Bradford, e o isolado AIN172 apresentou maiores teores de carboidratos (73.83%), conforme detectado pelo ensaio de anthrone. Os isolados de algas selecionados também foram analisados por espectroscopia de infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR) para confirmação da análise de carboidratos, proteínas e lipídios. Essas algas nativas têm potencial para a produção de biocombustíveis in vitro a partir de resíduos agrícolas.
- Published
- 2024
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6. Evaluation of the operational conditions in the production and morphology of Chlorella sp.
- Author
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Rendón-Castrillón, L., Ramírez-Carmona, M., Ocampo-López, C., and Giraldo-Aristizabal, R.
- Subjects
DUNALIELLA salina ,CHLORELLA ,DUNALIELLA ,FACTORIAL experiment designs ,SCENEDESMUS ,DRINKING water ,CHLORELLA vulgaris - Abstract
Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
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7. Spatial-temporal variation in litterfall in seasonally dry tropical forests in Northeastern Brazil.
- Author
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Araújo, V. F. P., Barbosa, M. R. V., Araújo, J. P., and Vasconcellos, A.
- Subjects
TROPICAL dry forests ,TROPICAL forests ,ARID regions ,NUTRIENT cycles ,SPECIES diversity ,FACTOR structure - Abstract
Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
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8. Characterization of habitats based on algal periphyton biomass in the upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil Mudanças na biomassa de algas perifíticas na planície de inundação do alto Rio Paraná, Brasil
- Author
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JA. Leandrini, IA. Fonseca, and L. Rodrigues
- Subjects
perifíton ,planície de inundação ,biomassa ,rio Paraná ,periphyton ,floodplain ,biomass ,Paraná river ,Science ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Zoology ,QL1-991 ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Considering the relevant role played by the hydrological regime on the structure and functioning of floodplains, this study aims at characterizing different types of aquatic environments according to periphyton biomass and evaluating the influence of the fluviometric levels of the Paraná River and other forcing functions upon the periphytic community. Periphyton (chlorophyll a) was analyzed in 28 habitats, during the years 2000 and 2001, in high and low water seasons. Both years were characterized by lacking the characteristic high water season. The Principal Components Analysis revealed two groups. The first component was positively associated with hydrometric level, electric conductivity, pH and transparency, and negatively with total nitrogen and total phosphorus, dissolved organic carbon and turbidity. The second component separated the habitats of Paraná River in the period of low waters from other environments, mainly for hydrometric level and high transparency values. Periphytic biomass of the habitats demonstrated that the maintenance of the functional integrity of the Upper Paraná River floodplain is closely related to its hydrologic cycle.Tendo como princípio que o regime hidrológico é a principal função de força em planícies de inundação, este trabalho visa caracterizar diferentes ambientes através da biomassa da comunidade perifítica e relacionar a influência do nível hidrométrico sobre esta comunidade. Para isso, a biomassa perifítica (clorofila a) foi analisada em 28 habitats, sendo amostrados dois anos, 2000 e 2001, em diferentes períodos, águas altas e águas baixas. Na Análise de Componentes Principais, foram evidenciados dois grupos. O primeiro componente associado positivamente com o nível hidrométrico, condutividade elétrica, pH e transparência e, negativamente, com nitrogênio e fósforo total, carbono orgânico dissolvido e turbidez. O segundo componente separou os ambientes pertencentes ao rio Paraná, nos períodos de águas baixas, isto devido principalmente ao nível hidrométrico e à alta transparência. A biomassa perifitica dos habitats demonstra que a manutenção da integridade funcional da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná está relacionada à maior manutenção de seu ciclo hidrológico.
- Published
- 2008
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9. Urbanization effects on the composition and structure of macrophytes communities in a lotic ecosystem of Pernambuco State, Brazil.
- Author
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Xavier, L. R. C. C., Scherner, F., Burgos, D. C., Barreto, R. C., and Pereira, S. M. B.
- Subjects
URBANIZATION ,MACROPHYTES ,LOTIC ecology ,FRESHWATER ecology - Abstract
Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
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10. Capybaras in an anthropogenic habitat in Southeastern Brazil Capivaras em um habitat antrópico no Sudeste do Brasil
- Author
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L. M. Verdade and K. M. P. M. B. Ferraz
- Subjects
agroecossistemas ,biomassa ,capacidade de suporte ,flutuação populacional ,Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris ,agroecosystem ,biomass ,carrying capacity ,population fluctuation ,Science ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Zoology ,QL1-991 ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) are widely distributed in the Neotropics, living in both natural and anthropogenic habitats. In the present study, we monitored the fluctuating capybara population at the Campus "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, in Piracicaba, Southeastern Brazil from 1998 to 2000. To assess population fluctuation and growth rates, we used an abundance index based on direct weekly daylight counts. Population monitoring was carried out in an anthropogenic wetland associated with an agroecosystem. The observers’ bias was established as directly related to their distance from the animals. The capybara population density and biomass in the anthropogenic wetland in question were found to be significantly higher than in pristine habitats. The species seems to present a seasonal pattern of fluctuation, with a peak in late spring (Oct to Dec). Unlike young capybaras, adults and juveniles present similar seasonal fluctuation patterns. In this anthropogenic wetland, the carrying capacity may be as high as 195 individuals/Km². At a conservative exploitation rate (17%) in anthropogenic wetlands of Southeastern Brazil, capybara productivity may reach approximately 630 Kg/Km²/year.Capivaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) distribuem-se amplamente na região neotropical em habitats naturais e antrópicos. No presente estudo, a flutuação populacional de capivaras foi monitorada no Campus "Luiz de Queiroz" da Universidade de São Paulo, em Piracicaba, Região Sudeste do Brasil no período entre 1998 e 2000. Para avaliar a flutuação populacional e suas taxas de crescimento, foi usado um índice de abundância baseado em contagens diurnas semanais. O monitoramento foi conduzido em uma área de várzea antrópica. O viés de observadores foi avaliado, sendo diretamente proporcional à sua distância em relação aos animais. A densidade populacional e biomassa de capivaras na área antrópica estudada foram significativamente maiores do que em habitats naturais. A espécie apresentou um padrão sazonal de flutuação com pico no final da primavera (outubro a dezembro). Adultos e juvenis apresentaram padrões de flutuação sazonal similares, diferindo do apresentado por filhotes. Neste habitat de vázea antrópica, a capacidade de suporte foi de aproximadamente 195 indivíduos/Km². Para uma taxa de extração conservadora (17%) em várzeas antrópicas da Região Sudeste do Brasil, a produtividade de capivaras pode alcançar cerca de 630 Kg/Km²/ano.
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- 2006
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11. Spatial-temporal variation in litterfall in seasonally dry tropical forests in Northeastern Brazil
- Author
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Maria Regina de Vasconcellos Barbosa, V. F. P. Araújo, Joafrâncio Pereira de Araújo, and Alexandre Vasconcellos
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0106 biological sciences ,Nutrient cycle ,biomassa ,QH301-705.5 ,Science ,rainfall ,evapotranspiration ,Biology ,Forests ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Basal area ,Trees ,Caatinga ,vegetação ,vegetation ,Evapotranspiration ,Dry season ,semiárido ,Biology (General) ,Ecosystem ,semiarid ,Biomass (ecology) ,Tropical Climate ,biomass ,pluviosidade ,Botany ,evapotranspiração ,Forestry ,Vegetation ,Plant litter ,QL1-991 ,QK1-989 ,Terrestrial ecosystem ,Seasons ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Zoology ,Brazil ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
The production of litterfall is essential for nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. From November 2009 to October 2011, analyzed the monthly litterfall production in two areas of Caatinga, a type of Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest located in the Cariri Paraibano, in the semiarid region of the Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil. One of the areas, Private Natural Heritage Reserve (RPPN) Fazenda Almas, is legally protected, and the other, Fazenda Moreiras, does not. The aims were to evaluate the effects of precipitation, evapotranspiration and vegetation structure on the temporal and spatial dynamics of litterfall production. Eight sampling points were randomly chosen at each site, and two 1 m2 collectors were installed 50 m apart from each other. The collected material was sorted, dried and weighed. Additionally, the characteristics (density, species richness, height and mean basal area) of the tree-shrub stratum in plots with a 10 m radius surrounding each collector. Total litterfall production was 4,500 kg ha-1 yr-1 for Fazenda Almas and 3,300 kg ha-1 yr-1 for Fazenda Moreiras; these values were within the expected range for Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests. The inter- and intra-annual variation in litterfall production was positively correlated with precipitation and evapotranspiration rates, and four months after the highest precipitation rates, there was a marked decrease in litterfall occurred during the dry season. Furthermore, the contributions of the material fractions were distinct with the leaf fraction representing for more than 60% of the litterfall, and the vegetation structure explained 75% of the variation in litterfall production. Therefore, climatic factors and vegetation structure affect the temporal and spatial dynamics of litterfall production and consequently influence nutrient dynamics in the semiarid region of Brazil. Resumo A produção de serapilheira é essencial para a ciclagem de nutrientes em ecossistemas terrestres. De Novembro de 2009 a Outubro de 2011, foi analisada a produção de serapilheira em duas áreas de Caatinga, um tipo de Floresta Tropical sazonalmente Seca localizada no Cariri Paraibano, na região do semiárido da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil. Uma das áreas, Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural - RPPN - Fazenda Almas, é legalmente protegida, ao contrário da outra, Fazenda Moreiras. Os objetivos foram avaliar o efeito da precipitação, evapotranspiração e estrutura da vegetação sobre a dinâmica temporal e espacial da produção de serapilheira. Oito pontos de amostragem foram escolhidos aleatoriamente em cada localidade, e dois coletores de 1 m2 foram instalados a 50 m um do outro. O material coletado foi triado, secado e pesado. Adicionalmente, foram registradas as características (densidade, riqueza de espécies, altura e área basal média) das espécies arbóreo-arbustivas na parcela com um raio (r) de 10 m ao redor de cada coletor. A produção total de serapilheira foi 4,500 Kg ha-1 yr-1 para a Fazenda Almas e 3,300 kg ha-1 yr-1 para a Fazenda Moreiras; estes valores estão dentro da faixa esperada para as Florestas Tropicais sazonalmente secas. A variação inter e intranual na produção de serapilheira foi positivamente correlacionada com as taxas de precipitação e evapotranspiração, e quatro meses depois das maiores taxas de precipitação, houve uma diminuição acentuada na serapilheira coletada durante a estação seca. Além disso, as contribuições das frações de material foram distintas com a fração de folha representando mais que 60% da serapilheira, e a estrutura da vegetação explicou 75% da variação na produção de serapilheira. Portanto, os fatores climáticos e a estrutura da vegetação afetam a dinâmica temporal e espacial da produção de serapilheira e, consequentemente, influenciam a dinâmica de nutrientes na região semiárida do Brasil.
- Published
- 2019
12. Influence of nitrogen sources on the enzymatic activity and grown by Lentinula edodes in biomass Eucalyptus benthamii.
- Author
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Pedri, Z. C., Lozano, L. M. S., Hermann, K. L., Helm, C. V., Peralta, R. M., and Tavares, L. B. B.
- Subjects
EUCALYPTUS ,NITROGEN ,BIOMASS ,LIGNOCELLULOSE ,FILAMENTOUS fungi ,SOIL microbiology - Abstract
Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
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13. Biomass of macroinvertebrates and physicochemical characteristics of water in an Andean urban wetland of Colombia.
- Author
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Rivera-Usme, J. J., Pinilla, G. A., Rangel-Churio, J. O., Castro, M. I., and Camacho-Pinzón, D. L.
- Subjects
INVERTEBRATES ,BIOMASS ,WETLAND ecology ,PREDATORY animals ,WATER temperature - Abstract
Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
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14. A comparative study of resource allocation in Pteridium in different Brazilian ecosystems and its relationship with European studies.
- Author
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Silva Matos, D. M., Xavier, R. O., Tiberio, F. C. S., and Marrs, R. H.
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PTERIDIUM ,RESOURCE partitioning (Ecology) ,RESOURCE allocation ,COMPARATIVE studies ,ECOSYSTEMS - Abstract
Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
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15. Helminth communities in three sympatric rodents from the Brazilia Atlantic Forest: contrasting biomass and numerical abundance.
- Author
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Simões, R. O., Maldonado-Júnior, A., and Luque, J. L.
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HELMINTHS ,BIOTIC communities ,RODENTS ,BIOMASS energy ,PARASITOLOGY ,NUMERICAL analysis - Abstract
Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
16. Impact of maintenance of Macrobrachium rosenbergii De Man, 1879 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae) broodstock on the water used in culture ponds.
- Author
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Biudes, J. F. V., Camargo, A. F. M., and Henares, M. N. P.
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MACROBRACHIUM rosenbergii ,BROOD stock assessment ,FISH ponds ,WATER quality ,FISH farming ,COMPOSITION of water ,ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis ,BIOMASS ,PARTICULATE matter - Abstract
Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2011
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17. Characterization of habitats based on algal periphyton biomass in the upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil.
- Author
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Leandrini, J. A., Fonseca, I. A., and Rodrigues, L.
- Subjects
HABITATS ,PERIPHYTON ,BIOMASS ,FLOODPLAINS - Abstract
Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2008
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18. CHANGES IN BIOMASS, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND NUTRITIVE VALUE OF Spartina alterniflora DUE TO ORGANIC POLLUTION IN THE ITANHAÉM RIVER BASIN (SP, BRAZIL).
- Author
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Biudes, J. F. V. and Camargo, A. F. M.
- Subjects
SPARTINA alterniflora ,BIOMASS ,RIVERS ,CARBOHYDRATES - Abstract
Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2006
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19. SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION IN DENSITY AND BIOMASS OF TWO Pseudodiaptomus SPECIES (COPEPODA: CALANOIDA) IN THE CAETÉ RIVER ESTUARY (AMAZON REGION - NORTH OF BRAZIL)
- Author
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MAGALHÃES, A., COSTA, R. M., LIANG, T. H., PEREIRA, L. C. C., and RIBEIRO, M. J. S.
- Abstract
Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
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20. Estudo comparativo da alocação de recurso em Pteridium em diferentes ecossistemas brasileiros e sua relação com estudos na europa
- Author
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Rob H. Marrs, DM Silva Matos, Fernanda Cristina dos Santos Tibério, and Rafael de Oliveira Xavier
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Frond ,samambaião ,alocação de recursos ,biomassa ,Range (biology) ,Growing season ,Invasive species ,lcsh:Botany ,Mata Atlântica ,lcsh:Zoology ,Ecosystem ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,lcsh:Science ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,resource partitioning ,Pteridium ,Biomass (ecology) ,biomass ,biology ,Ecology ,Cerrado ,biology.organism_classification ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,Europe ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Atlantic Forest ,Litter ,lcsh:Q ,Seasons ,bracken ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Bracken ,Brazil - Abstract
Pteridium is a cosmopolitan genus that acts as an invasive species in many parts of the world. Most research on this genus has occurred in Europe, and there is a lack of data on it from South America, in spite of causing considerable conservation problems. We compared the biomass allocation of P. esculentum subsp. arachnoideum in two ecosystems in Brazil - Atlantic forest and Brazilian savanna. We measured the biomass of fronds, rhizomes and above-ground litter. We also compared the density, length and biomass of fronds from this Brazilian study with similar data of P. esculentumsubsp. arachnoideum derived from Venezuela and P. aquilinum from Europe. P. esculentum subsp. arachnoideum showed a wide response range. We found a negative relationship between frond and necromass, indicating a negative feedback effect, while a positive relationship was observed between frond and rhizome biomass. The continental comparison of relationships showed that Pteridium responds in a different way in both Brazil and Europe, and that in Brazil fronds tend to be longer and heavier, presumably as a result of the continuous growing season in South America while is shortened in Europe by frost. The paper shows the ability of Pteridium to adapt to different ecosystems. Pteridium é um gênero cosmopolita que inclui espécies invasoras em várias partes do mundo. Os estudos sobre o gênero têm ocorrido principalmente na Europa, e existem poucas informações para as espécies que ocorrem na América do Sul. Nesse estudo comparamos a alocação de biomassa de P. esculentum subsp. arachnoideum em dois ecossistemas brasileiros – Mata Atlântica e Cerrado - em cada um dos quais medimos a biomassa nos rametas, nos rizomas e na serapilheira. Comparamos, também, a densidade, comprimento e biomassa dos rametas com informações obtidas sobre P. esculentum subsp. arachnoideum na Venezuela e P. aquilinumna Europa. P. esculentum subsp. arachnoideumapresentou respostas distintas. Encontramos uma relação negativa entre a biomassa de rametas e da serapilheira, indicando uma retro-alimentação negativa, enquanto houve uma relação positiva entre a biomassa dos rametas e dos rizomas. A comparação das relações entre os continentes indicou que Pteridiumresponde diferentemente no Brazil e na Europa, e também que no Brasil os rametas são maiores e contêm mais biomassa, possivelmente devido à estação de crescimento contínua, enquanto na Europa o crescimento é limitado pelas baixas temperaturas. Esse estudo demonstra o sucesso adaptativo de Pteridium em diferentes ecossistemas.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Germination and initial growth of Campomanesia xanthocarpa O. Berg. (Myrtaceae), in petroleum-contaminated soil and bioremediated soil
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G. O. Santos, A. M. Gogosz, Cleusa Bona, Paulo Cesar Botosso, Alessandra Mara Gogosz, UFPR, Vleusa Bona, UFPR, Gedir de Oliveira Santos, UFPR, and PAULO CESAR BOTOSSO, CNPF.
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Myrtaceae ,Biomass ,Germination ,Biology ,complex mixtures ,seedling growth ,Bioremediation ,lcsh:Botany ,Campomanesia xanthocarpa ,lcsh:Zoology ,Soil Pollutants ,gabiroba ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,hydrocarbon contamination ,lcsh:Science ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Environmental Restoration and Remediation ,Gabiroba ,biomass ,food and beverages ,Crescimento de plântula ,Soil classification ,biology.organism_classification ,Soil contamination ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,Petroleum ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Agronomy ,Biomassa ,Seedling ,Shoot ,Contaminação por hidrocarbonetos ,lcsh:Q ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences - Abstract
Em 2000, ocorreu um vazamento de petróleo na área da Refinaria Getúlio Vargas (REPAR), no Paraná. Após cerca de cinco anos da contaminação e utilização do processo de biorremediação, pretendeu-se identificar os efeitos do solo contaminado e do solo biorremediado na germinação e no crescimento inicial de C. xanthocarpa. O experimento foi montado com solo da REPAR, com três tratamentos - solo contaminado (C), solo biorremediado (B), solo não contaminado (U) - e cinco repetições com 50 sementes cada. Não houve diferença significativa na porcentagem e no índice de velocidade de germinação. A produção de biomassa total (30 - 60 dias) e biomassa da parte aérea (60 dias) foram maiores no tratamento biorremediado em relação aos demais tratamentos. As médias para a biomassa da raiz foram menores no solo contaminado do que no solo biorremediado. O comprimento da parte aérea e o comprimento total da plântula no solo contaminado e no não contaminado foram menores do que no biorremediado. Made available in DSpace on 2011-04-09T16:03:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010APIP.BotossoBJB.pdf: 1881603 bytes, checksum: 306d2b1eeaac36731c70faf037b81bca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-01-18
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Helminth communities in three sympatric rodents from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: contrasting biomass and numerical abundance
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José L. Luque, Simões Ro, and Maldonado-Júnior A
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biomassa ,Rodentia ,sympatric rodents ,Population density ,Host-Parasite Interactions ,Trees ,Rodent Diseases ,Mata Atlântica ,Helminths ,lcsh:Botany ,lcsh:Zoology ,Dominance (ecology) ,Animals ,roedores simpátricos ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,lcsh:Science ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,abundance ,biology ,biomass ,Akodon cursor ,Ecology ,Community structure ,Oligoryzomys nigripes ,biology.organism_classification ,Akodon ,abundância ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Sympatric speciation ,helminth community structure ,Atlantic Forest ,estrutura da comunidade de helmintos ,lcsh:Q ,Species richness ,Helminthiasis, Animal ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences - Abstract
The study of parasite body size is an important approach to understand the different patterns of helminth community structure, once it is usually analysed using only numerical descriptors which do not capture size heterogeneity among parasite species. In the present study, we compared the pattern in the helminth community of three sympatric wild rodent species Akodon cursor, A. montensis and Oligoryzomys nigripes using numerical abundance and biomass approaches. The cestode Rodentolepis akodontis was the worm with highest biomass in the three rodents. The trichostrongylid Stilestrongylus lanfrediae presented highest biomass in O. nigripes and represented 70% of the total numeric abundance of parasites. Interestingly, for Akodon spp. the species with more biomass represented less than 10% of the total numerical abundance. Parasites with the higher numeric abundance do not have the largest body size. Although the biomass pattern is different from numeric abundance, this difference does not influence in the helminth distribution community among the three sympatric hosts. The status change of a helminth species within the community due to its volumetric dominance might justify a new approach since parasites belonging to different taxa obtain resources from the host in different ways. A utilização do tamanho do corpo do parasita é uma importante abordagem para compreender diferentes padrões na estrutura da comunidade helmíntica, uma vez que são utilizados apenas descritores numéricos que não necessariamente detectam a heterogeneidade no tamanho entre as espécies de parasitos. No presente estudo, comparou-se o padrão da comunidade helmíntica de três roedores silvestres simpátricos (Akodon cursor, A. montensise e Oligoryzomys nigripes), usando uma abordagem com abundância numérica e biomassa. O cestoide Rodentolepis akodontis foi o helminto com maior biomassa nos três roedores. O tricostrongilídeo Stilestrongylus lanfrediae apresentou uma alta biomassa em O. nigripes e representou 70% da abundância numérica total dos parasitas. Interessantemente, em Akodon spp., a espécie com maior biomassa, representou menos de 10% da abundância total. Parasitas com maior abundância numérica não foram aqueles com maior tamanho do corpo. Embora o padrão de biomassa determinado tenha sido diferente da abundância numérica, essa diferença não influenciou na distribuição das comunidades de helmintos nos três hospedeiros simpátricos. A mudança do status de uma espécie de helminto dentro da comunidade em função da sua dominância volumétrica pode justificar uma nova abordagem, uma vez que parasitas pertencentes a diferentes táxons podem obter recursos de seu hospedeiro de forma diferente.
23. Influence of nitrogen sources on the enzymatic activity and grown by Lentinula edodes in biomass Eucalyptus benthamii
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L. M. S. Lozano, Z. C. Pedri, Lorena Benathar Ballod Tavares, Kátia Luiza Hermann, Cristiane Vieira Helm, R. M. Peralta, Z. C. Pedri, Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Regional de Blumenau – FURB, L. M. S. Lozano, Universidade Regional de Blumenau – FURB, K. L. Hermann, Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Regional de Blumenau – FURB, CRISTIANE VIEIRA HELM, CNPF, R. M. Peralta, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, and L. B. B. Tavares, Universidade Regional de Blumenau – FURB.
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Ammonium sulfate ,Water activity ,Nitrogen ,Potassium Compounds ,enzymes ,Shiitake Mushrooms ,Enzima ,Biomassa ,Biology ,Lignin ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Manganese peroxidase ,lcsh:Botany ,Botany ,lcsh:Zoology ,Eucalyptus benthamii ,Food science ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,enzimas ,lcsh:Science ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Lentinula Edodes ,Enzymes ,Eucalyptus ,Nitrates ,Planejamento experimental de mistura ,biomass ,Basidiomycota ,food and beverages ,Potassium nitrate ,basidiomycetes ,design of experimental mixture ,biology.organism_classification ,Wood ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,Lentinula ,Design of experimental mixture ,chemistry ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Ammonium Sulfate ,Basidiomicetos ,lcsh:Q ,Soybeans ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Energy source - Abstract
Lignocellulose is the most abundant environmental component and a renewable organic resource in soil. There are some filamentous fungi which developed the ability to break down and use cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin as an energy source. The objective of this research was to analyze the effect of three nitrogen resources (ammonium sulfate, saltpetre, soybean) in the holocellulolitic activity of Lentinula edodes EF 50 using as substrate sawdust E. benthamii. An experimental design mixture was applied with repetition in the central point consisting of seven treatments (T) of equal concentrations of nitrogen in ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate and soybean. The enzymatic activity of avicelase, carboxymetilcellulase, β-glucosidase, xylanases and manganese peroxidase was determined. The humidity, pH, water activity (aw) and qualitative analysis of mycelial growth in 8 times of cultivation were evaluated. The results showed negative effect on enzyme production in treatments with maximum concentration of ammonium sulfate and potassium nitrate. The treatments with cooked soybean flour expressed higher enzymatic activities in times of 3, 6 and 9 days of culture, except in the activity of manganese peroxidase. The highest production was observed in the treatment with ammonium sulfate, and soybean (83.86 UI.L–1) at 20 days of cultivation. Resumo Lignocelulose é o componente mais abundante do meio ambiente e recurso orgânico renovável no solo. Alguns fungos filamentosos têm desenvolvido a habilidade de degradar e utilizar celulose, hemicelulose e lignina como fonte de energia. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o efeito de três fontes de nitrogênio (sulfato de amônio, nitrato de potássio e farelo de soja) na atividade enzimática de Lentinula edodes EF 50 utilizando como substrato serragem de E. benthamii. Foi aplicado um planejamento experimental de mistura com três repetições no ponto central constituído de sete tratamentos (T) de iguais concentrações em nitrogênio de sulfato de amônia, nitrato de potássio e farinha de soja cozida. Foram determinadas a atividade enzimática da avicelase, carboximetilcelulase, β-glicosidase, xilanases e manganês peroxidase. Foram avaliados o teor de umidade, pH, atividade de água (aw) e análise qualitativa do crescimento micelial em 8 tempos de cultivo. Os resultados mostraram efeito negativo na produção das enzimas nos tratamentos com máxima concentração de sulfato de amônia e nitrato de potássio. Os tratamentos com farinha de soja cozida expressaram maiores atividades enzimáticas, nos tempos de 3, 6 e 9 dias de cultivo exceto na atividade do manganês peroxidase. A maior produção foi observada no tratamento com sulfato de amônia e farinha de soja cozida (83.86 UI.L–1) em 20 dias de cultivo.
24. Impacto da manutenção de reprodutores de Macrobrachium rosenbergii De Man, 1879 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae) na água utilizada nos viveiros de cultivo
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Antonio Fernando Monteiro Camargo, Jose Francisco Vicente Biudes, Matheus Nicolino Peixoto Henares, and Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
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biomassa ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Biomass ,Broodstock ,nitrogen ,Animal science ,Aquaculture ,camarão-da-malásia ,lcsh:Botany ,lcsh:Zoology ,fósforo ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,phosphorus ,lcsh:Science ,Effluent ,Kjeldahl method ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,efluente ,biology ,biomass ,Decapoda ,Macrobrachium rosenbergii ,business.industry ,Phosphorus ,giant river prawn ,biology.organism_classification ,nitrogênio ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,Fishery ,chemistry ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,lcsh:Q ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,business ,effluent - Abstract
Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:42:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1519-69842011000500006.pdf: 431662 bytes, checksum: 920f0e7d52bb5db865e80d03b6db5413 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:42:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1519-69842011000500006.pdf: 431662 bytes, checksum: 920f0e7d52bb5db865e80d03b6db5413 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T17:42:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1519-69842011000500006.pdf: 431662 bytes, checksum: 920f0e7d52bb5db865e80d03b6db5413 (MD5) S1519-69842011000500006.pdf.txt: 30503 bytes, checksum: 359e135174f609ef5e618773d05a9f58 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:12:40Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1519-69842011000500006.pdf: 431662 bytes, checksum: 920f0e7d52bb5db865e80d03b6db5413 (MD5) S1519-69842011000500006.pdf.txt: 30503 bytes, checksum: 359e135174f609ef5e618773d05a9f58 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:12:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1519-69842011000500006.pdf: 431662 bytes, checksum: 920f0e7d52bb5db865e80d03b6db5413 (MD5) S1519-69842011000500006.pdf.txt: 30503 bytes, checksum: 359e135174f609ef5e618773d05a9f58 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) A produção aquícola gera benefícios sociais e econômicos, no entanto, também pode proporcionar impactos ambientais. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: a) caracterizar os impactos causados pela manutenção de reprodutores do camarão-da-malásia (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) nas características físicas e químicas da água utilizada nos viveiros de cultivo; e b) avaliar a relação entre a biomassa de camarões e o impacto do cultivo na água utilizada no viveiro. Entre janeiro e dezembro de 2004, foram determinadas, mensalmente, a biomassa de M. rosenbergii, por meio de biometria, e as variáveis físicas e químicas da água de abastecimento e do efluente de um viveiro utilizado para a manutenção de reprodutores. Os resultados mostraram que o efluente possui maiores valores de clorofila a, material particulado em suspensão (MPS), pH, oxigênio dissolvido, nitrogênio Kjeldahl total (NKT) e nitrogênio Kjeldahl dissolvido (NKD), nitrogênio inorgânico (NI), fósforo (PT) e fósforo dissolvido (PD) e P-ortofosfato do que a água de abastecimento do viveiro. A maior biomassa de M. rosenbergii ocorreu em abril (127,0 g.m-2) e a menor em agosto (71,5 g.m-2) e houve correlações lineares positivas entre a biomassa de camarões e a intensidade do aumento de NKT, NKD, NI, PT e PD da água utilizada no viveiro. A manutenção de reprodutores de M. rosenbergii aumentou a clorofila-a, MPS, nitrogênio e fósforo da água utilizada no viveiro. Além disso, o aumento da biomassa de camarões intensifica a exportação de nitrogênio e fósforo do viveiro pelo efluente. Aquaculture production generates social and economic benefits, but can also cause environmental impacts. The objectives of this study were: a) to characterise the impacts caused by the maintenance of broodstock of the giant river prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) on the physical and chemical characteristics of the water used in culture ponds, and b) to evaluate the relationship between the biomass of the prawns and the impact of culture on the water used in the ponds. Between January and December 2004, we determined, monthly, the biomass of M. rosenbergii by means of biometrics, and the physical and chemical variables of the supply and effluent water from a pond used to maintain breeding stock. The results showed that the effluent water had higher contents of chlorophyll-a, suspended particulate matter (SPM), pH, dissolved oxygen, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) and dissolved Kjeldahl nitrogen (DKN), inorganic nitrogen (IN), total (TP) and dissolved phosphorus (DP), and P-orthophosphate than the supply water. The highest biomass of M. rosenbergii occurred in April (127.0 g.m-2) and the lowest in August (71.5 g.m-2), and there were positive linear correlations between the biomass of the prawns and the intensity of the increases in TKN, DKN, IN, TP, and DP of the water used in the pond. The maintenance of broodstock of M. rosenbergii increased the chlorophyll-a, SPM, nitrogen, and phosphorus contents of the water in the pond. Additionally, the increase in the biomass of the prawns intensifies the export of nitrogen and phosphorus from the pond in the effluent. Universidade Estadual Paulista Centro de Aquicultura Universidade Estadual Paulista Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Estadual Paulista Centro de Aquicultura Universidade Estadual Paulista Departamento de Ecologia FAPESP: 04/06962-0 FAPESP: 03/09589-5
25. Urbanization effects on the composition and structure of macrophytes communities in a lotic ecosystem of Pernambuco State, Brazil
- Author
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Sonia Maria Barreto Pereira, R. C. Barreto, D. C. Burgos, Fernando Scherner, and Leonardo Rafael Chaves Coelho Xavier
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0106 biological sciences ,River ecosystem ,aquatic plants ,biomassa ,Biodiversity ,Biology ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Freshwater ecosystem ,Rivers ,Urbanization ,lcsh:Botany ,lcsh:Zoology ,pollution ,Ecosystem ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,lcsh:Science ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Biomass (ecology) ,biomass ,Ecology ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Plants ,poluição ,Macrophyte ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,lcsh:Q ,Seasons ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,plantas aquáticas ,Brazil ,Global biodiversity - Abstract
Population growth in urban areas changes freshwater ecosystems, and this can have consequences for macrophyte communities as can be seen in the municipalities that border the Capibaribe River, Pernambuco, Brazil. This study reports the effects of urbanization on the composition and structure of macrophyte communities in areas along that river. The following urbanized and non-urbanized sampling sites were chosen: Sites 1 and 2 (municipality of Santa Cruz do Capibaribe), Sites 3 and 4 (municipality of Toritama), and Sites 5 and 6 (metropolitan region of Recife). These sites were visited every two months from January to July 2013 to observe seasonal variation (wet and dry seasons). Thirty-one species were identified. Generally, the non-urbanized sites had a higher number of species. Multivariate analyses indicated significant overall differences between urbanized and non-urbanized areas (R = 0.044; p < 0.001) and between seasons (R = 0.018; p < 0.019). Owing to the large variation in physical, chemical, and biological characteristics between urbanized and non-urbanized areas, we found that urbanization significantly influenced the floristic composition and structure of macrophyte communities. Resumo O crescimento populacional em áreas urbanas causa alterações em ecossistemas aquáticos continentais com consequência sobre as comunidades de macrófitas. Este fato vem ocorrendo nos municípios que margeiam o rio Capibaribe, Pernambuco, Brasil. Este trabalho analisa os efeitos da urbanização sobre a composição e estrutura das macrófitas em trechos do referido Rio. Levando em consideração áreas urbanizadas e não urbanizadas, foram escolhidos os seguintes Pontos de Coleta: Pontos 1 e 2 no Município de Santa Cruz do Capibaribe, Pontos 3 e 4 no Município de Toritama, Pontos 5 e 6 na Região Metropolitana do Recife. Estes pontos foram visitados bimestralmente (janeiro – julho/2013), para a observação da variação sazonal (estações seca e chuvosa). Foram identificadas 31 espécies. Geralmente, os pontos das áreas não urbanizadas apresentaram um número maior de espécies. As análises multivariadas indicaram diferenças globais significativas entre áreas urbanizadas e não urbanizadas (R = 0,044, p < 0,001) e também entre as estações (R = 0,018; p < 0,019). Devido à grande variação física, química e biológica entre as áreas urbanizadas e não urbanizadas, observou-se que o fator urbanização influenciou significativamente na composição florística e na estrutura das comunidades de macrófitas.
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