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BackgroundMethodsResultsConclusionsBrain Injury Case management involves coordinating and organizing services and systems around people with acquired brain injuries’ and their families. This review aimed to answer the question: What is the current available evidence for the use of case management in supporting survivors of ABI?Searches were conducted in seven databases (Medline (all), CINAHL, Embase, PsychInfo, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed), using a search strategy based on key terms: ‘case management’ and ‘brain injury.’ Quality of studies was assessed by the Mixed Methods Assessment Tool (MMAT), and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklists. Findings were presented narratively.A narrative synthesis of 35 included studies highlighted the challenges of measuring and evaluating the impact of case management for brain injury, vital aspects of case management, such as good communication and relationships, supporting the wider family, and case management across the continuum of care.Case managers play a pivotal role in the support and rehabilitation of people with ABI. The rapid evolution of case management has resulted in some challenges, such as lack of regulatory oversight and governance, and lack of standardization in treatment approaches. Future progression requires collaboration to produce better outcomes for clients and their families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paediatric acquired brain injury is a life-long condition which impacts on all facets of the individual's lived experience. The existing evidence base continues to expand and new fields of enquiry are established as clinicians and researchers uncover the extent of these impacts. To add to recommendations described in the International Paediatric Brain Injury Society's 2016 paper on post-acute care for children with acquired brain injury and highlight new areas of enquiry. Recommendations were made based on the opinions of a group of experienced international clinicians and researchers who are current or past members of the board of directors of the International Paediatric Brain Injury Society. The importance of each recommendation was agreed upon by means of group consensus. This update gives new consideration to areas of study including injuries which occur in pre-school children, young people in the military, medical referral, young offenders and the use of technology in rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To examine the prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and past abuse experienced by adult female offenders. Methods: Twenty-nine female offenders from a UK women's prison and twenty-nine age and gender matched university controls were recruited. In addition to demographic data, the Brain Injury Screening Index was utilized alongside the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and the Abusive Behaviour Inventory. Results: Approximately 79% (n = 21) of female offenders reported a history of TBI, with 38% (n = 8) reporting six or more injuries. However, only 28.5% of female offenders reporting injury (n = 6) believed they had sustained a brain injury. Prevalence of both childhood (n = 15, 51.7%), and partner (n = 19, 65.5%) abuse was also high among offenders. TBI Index scores correlated with past childhood and past partner physical abuse. Past mental illness, partner physical abuse, and number of convictions were predictive of greater TBI severity. Conclusion: This is the first European study to examine combined TBI and abuse among an exclusively female offender population. It suggests that TBI is as prevalent among incarcerated females as it is among males. The unique presentation of female offenders must be acknowledged if effective rehabilitation programs are to be implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A growing body of epidemiological research suggests high rates of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in prisoners. The aim of this review is to systematically explore the literature surrounding the rates of TBI and their co-occurrences in a prison population. Methods: Six electronic databases were systematically searched for articles published between 1980–2014. Studies were screened for inclusion based on pre-determined criteria by two researchers who independently performed data extraction. Study quality was appraised based on a modified quality assessment tool. Results: Twenty-six studies were included in this review. Quality assessment ranged from 20% (poor) to 80% (good), with an overall average of 60%. Twenty-four papers included TBI prevalence rates, which ranged from 5.69–88%. Seventeen studies explored co-occurring factors including rates of aggression (n= 7), substance abuse (n= 9), anxiety and depression (n= 5), neurocognitive deficits (n= 4) and psychiatric conditions (n= 3). Conclusions: The high degree of variation in TBI rates may be attributed to the inconsistent way in which TBI was measured, with only seven studies using valid and reliable screening tools. Additionally, gaps in the literature surrounding personality outcomes in prisoners with TBI, female prisoners with TBI and qualitative outcomes were found. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Primary objectives: To determine the understanding of educational professionals around the topic of childhood brain injury and explore the factor structure of the Common Misconceptions about Traumatic Brain Injury Questionnaire (CM-TBI). Research design: Cross-sectional postal survey. Methods and procedures: The CM-TBI was posted to all educational establishments in one region of the UK. One representative from each school was asked to complete and return the questionnaire ( n = 388). Main outcomes and results: Differences were demonstrated between those participants who knew someone with a brain injury and those who did not, with a similar pattern being shown for those educators who had taught a child with brain injury. Participants who had taught a child with brain injury demonstrated greater knowledge in areas such as seatbelts/prevention, brain damage, brain injury sequelae, amnesia, recovery and rehabilitation. Principal components analysis suggested the existence of four factors and the discarding of half the original items of the questionnaire. Conclusions: In the first European study to explore this issue, it is highlighted that teachers are ill-prepared to cope with children who have sustained a brain injury. Given the importance of a supportive school environment in return to life following hospitalization, the lack of understanding demonstrated by teachers in this research may significantly impact on a successful return to school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]