1. Older age at initiation of antiretroviral therapy predicts low bone mineral density in children with perinatally-infected HIV in Zimbabwe
- Author
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April Hartley, Nicola Crabtree, Ruramayi Rukuni, Edith D. Majonga, Kate A Ward, Grace McHugh, Cynthia Mukwasi-Kahari, Celia L Gregson, Hilda Mujuru, Rashida A. Ferrand, and Tsitsi Bandason
- Subjects
Male ,Zimbabwe ,Apparent density ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bone density ,Adolescent ,Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,HIV Infections ,medicine.disease_cause ,Muscle mass ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Grip strength ,0302 clinical medicine ,Absorptiometry, Photon ,Bone Density ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Tenofovir ,Child ,Children ,Bone mineral ,DXA ,Stunting ,business.industry ,Age Factors ,Antiretroviral therapy ,3. Good health ,Bone Diseases, Metabolic ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Anti-Retroviral Agents ,Lean body mass ,Female ,business ,ART ,Forecasting - Abstract
Background Perinatally-acquired HIV infection commonly causes stunting in children; how this affects bone and muscle development is unclear. We investigated differences in bone and muscle mass and muscle function between children with HIV (CWH) and uninfected children. Setting Cross-sectional study of CWH (6–16 years) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) for >6 months and similar aged children testing HIV-negative at primary health clinics in Zimbabwe. Methods From Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) we calculated total-body less-head (TBLH) Bone Mineral Content (BMC) for lean mass adjusted-for-height (TBLH-BMCLBM) Z-scores, and lumbar spine (LS) Bone Mineral Apparent Density (BMAD) Z-scores. Results The 97 CWH were older (mean age 12.7 vs. 10.0 years) and taller (mean height 142 cm vs. 134 cm) than 77 uninfected. However, stunting (height-for-age Z-score ≤ −2) was more prevalent in CWH (35% vs. 5%, p, Highlights • We studied 97 children living with HIV and 77 uninfected peers aged 6 to 16 and living in Harare, Zimbabwe • A high proportion of children with HIV were stunted (height-for-age Z-score
- Published
- 2019
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