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Introducción y objetivos: Nuestros conocimientos sobre la etnobotánica médica Moqoit resultan verdaderamente escasos, por lo cual el objetivo primordial de este trabajo es identificar las plantas medicinales e indicaciones terapéuticas registradas a campo entre los moqoit actuales de la provincia del Chaco. Se comparan estos datos con la escasa información histórica existente y con la etnobotánica médica de criollos del Gran Chaco argentino y zonas aledañas. M&M: Para ello se efectuaron un total de 11 (once) campañas en los asentamientos moqoit de la provincia del Chaco, entre los años 2008 y 2018 donde se efectuaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas a colaboradores clave, con quienes se coleccionaron muestras de herbario de las plantas por ellos referidas. Resultados: Se registra un total de 381 aplicaciones medicinales acerca de 155 taxa botánicos. La mayoría de ellas (28 %) se prescriben contra trastornos del aparato digestivo y, en menor medida, contra afecciones dermatológicas (15 %), como antitérmicos (14 %) y para el aparato reproductor (13 %). Las plantas se emplean mayormente contra el “empacho”, afecciones de etiología mágico-religiosa (rituales terapéuticos), como refrescantes, antitusivos y contra odontalgias. Conclusiones: Los resultados de las comparaciones efectuadas evidencian la existencia de préstamos culturales provenientes de diferentes grupos criollos -por localización y acervo- a la etnobotánica médica de este grupo indígena, mayormente desde el complejo bio-cultural de los criollos de acervo hispanoquichua. Background and aims: Our current knowledge about Moqoit medical ethnobotany is scarce, that is why the aim of this paper seeks to identify the medicinal plants and its therapeutic indications registered in the field among present moqoit people from Chaco province. These data are also compared with the few historical data available, as well as with the medical ethnobotany of Argentinian Gran Chaco criollos people and surrounding areas. M&M: Between 2008 and 2018, a total of 11 (eleven) campaigns were carried out to the Moqoit settlements in Chaco province, where semi-structured interviews were carried out with key collaborators. With these key people, herbarium samples were collected from the plants they have indicated. Results: A total of 381 medicinal applications are registered about 155 botanical taxa. Most of them (28%) are prescribed against digestive disorders and in a lesser extent, against dermatological conditions (15%), as antipyretics (14%) and for the reproductive system (13%). Frequently plants are used against “empacho” (digestive disorder), affections of magical-religious etiology (therapeutic rituals), as refreshing, antitussive and against toothache. Conclusions: The results from the comparisons made show the presence of cultural loans from criollos groups –by location and stock- to Moqoit medical ethnobotany, mostly from the Hispanic-Quichua criollos bio-cultural complex. Fil: Rosso, Cintia Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentina Fil: Scarpa, Gustavo Fabián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentina

Ethnobotany of Synandrospadix vermitoxicus (Araceae) in the Gran Chaco and neighbouring regions. Synandrospadix vermitoxicus is a native species of the Gran Chaco (Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina) and neighbouring regions. An ethnobotanical investigation was conducted with the aim of summarising vernacular knowledge on the plant: common names, uses, its role in social and cultural life, as well as stressing the interest and value attached by human groups of the region. This paper is a summary of original data obtained in situ, in addition to those recorded in bibliographic sources. Oral information and herbarium material was collected during fieldwork carried out with eight ethnic groups, as well as with natives-criollos (local non-indigenous people) from Argentina and Paraguay. In order to contextualise the ethnobotanical information, brief references on the taxonomy, floristics, morphology, ecology, and phytonymy associated with this plant are added. Notes are also included on the plant’srole in different cultural settings: food, medicine, veterinary practice, magic, toxicology, mythology and witchcraft. Attention is drawn to the value of the plant for the ethnic peoples and settlers in the GranChaco and the interest it holds for them. The need to preserve it as natural and cultural heritage is also expressed.