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Introduction It is estimated that of those who die in high-income countries, 69%–82% would benefit from palliative care with a high prevalence of advanced chronic conditions and limited life prognosis. A positive response to these challenges would consist of integrating the palliative approach into all healthcare settings, for patients with all types of advanced medical conditions, although poor clinician awareness and the difficulty of applying criteria to identify patients in need still pose significant barriers. The aim of this project is to investigate whether the combined use of the NECPAL CCOMS-ICO and Palliative Prognostic (PaP) Score tools offers valuable screening methods to identify patients suffering from advanced chronic disease with limited life prognosis and likely to need palliative care, such as cancer, chronic renal or chronic respiratory failure.Methods and analysis This multicentre prospective observational study includes three patient populations: 100 patients with cancer, 50 patients with chronic renal failure and 50 patients with chronic pulmonary failure. All patients will be treated and monitored according to local clinical practice, with no additional procedures/patient visits compared with routine clinical practice. The following data will be collected for each patient: demographic variables, NECPAL CCOMS-ICO questionnaire, PaP Score evaluation, Palliative Performance Scale, Edmonton Symptom Assessment System, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status and data concerning the underlying disease, in order to verify the correlation of the two tools (PaP and NECPAL CCOMS-ICO) with patient status and statistical analysis.Ethics and dissemination The study was approved by local ethics committees and written informed consent was obtained from the patient. Findings will be disseminated through typical academic routes including poster/paper presentations at national and international conferences and academic institutes, and through publication in peer-reviewed journals.