Search

Abstract Background Air pollution is a major environmental risk factor. Hypertension is one of the most important modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. However, few studies have evaluated the impact of exposure to ambient air pollution on hypertension hospitalizations. Objective This study aims to explore the correlation between exposure to air pollution and hospital admissions for hypertension, to evaluate the short-term effects of air pollution on hypertension hospitalizations and its lag effects. Methods We collected air pollution concentration and hypertension hospitalization data from 2013 to 2020. Distributed lag non-linear models were employed to assess the impact of air pollution on hypertension hospitalizations in Lanzhou City. We also performed subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses. Results A total of 47,884 cases of hypertension hospitalizations were included. Short-term exposure to NO2 and CO increased the risk of hypertension hospitalization. For each 10 µg/m3 increase in NO2 and each 1 mg/m3 increase in CO, the relative risk (RR) for hypertension hospitalization were highest at lag0-3 (RR: 1.0427; 95% CI: 1.0196, 1.0663) and lag3 (RR: 1.0986; 95% CI: 1.0350, 1.1661), respectively. SO2 at different lag structures showed opposite effects on hypertension hospitalization. O3 was significantly negatively associated with hypertension hospitalization. No correlation was observed between PM2.5 and PM10 and hypertension hospitalization. Females and individuals aged ≥ 65 were more susceptible to air pollution. The harmful effects of air pollution are greater in the cold season. Conclusion Short-term exposure to ambient air pollution increases risk of hypertension hospitalization.

Abstract Background With the backdrop of global climate change, the impact of climate change on respiratory diseases like asthma is receiving increasing attention. However, the effects of temperature and diurnal temperature range (DTR) on asthma are complex, and understanding these effects across different seasons, age groups, and sex is of utmost importance. Methods This study utilized asthma hospitalization data from Lanzhou, China, and implemented a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) to investigate the relationship between temperature and DTR and asthma hospitalizations. It considered differences in the effects across various seasons and population subgroups. Results The study revealed that low temperatures immediately increase the risk of asthma hospitalization (RR = 1.2010, 95% CI: 1.1464, 1.2580), and this risk persists for a period of time. Meanwhile, both high and low DTR were associated with an increased risk of asthma hospitalization. Lower temperatures (RR = 2.9798, 95% CI: 1.1154, 7.9606) were associated with higher asthma risk in the warm season, while in the cold season, the risk significantly rose for the general population (RR = 3.6867, 95% CI: 1.7494, 7.7696), females (RR = 7.2417, 95% CI: 2.7171, 19.3003), and older individuals (RR = 18.5425, 95% CI: 5.1436, 66.8458). In the warm season, low DTR conditions exhibited a significant association with asthma hospitalization risk in males (RR = 7.2547, 95% CI: 1.2612, 41.7295) and adults aged 15–64 (RR = 9.9494, 95% CI: 2.2723, 43.5643). Children also exhibited noticeable risk within specific DTR ranges. In the cold season, lower DTR increases the risk of asthma hospitalization for the general population (RR = 3.1257, 95% CI: 1.4004, 6.9767). High DTR significantly increases the risk of asthma hospitalization in adults (RR = 5.2563, 95% CI: 2.4131, 11.4498). Conclusion This study provides crucial insights into the complex relationship between temperature, DTR, and asthma hospitalization, highlighting the variations in asthma risk across different seasons and population subgroups.

Abstract Background Angina is a crucial risk signal for cardiovascular disease. However, few studies have evaluated the effects of ambient air pollution exposure on angina. Objective We aimed to explore the short-term effects of air pollution on hospitalization for angina and its lag effects. Methods We collected data on air pollutant concentrations and angina hospitalizations from 2013 to 2020. Distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was used to evaluate the short-term effects of air pollutants on angina hospitalization under different lag structures. Stratified analysis by sex, age and season was obtained. Results A total of 39,110 cases of angina hospitalization were included in the study. The results showed a significant positive correlation between PM2.5, SO2, NO2, and CO and angina hospitalization. Their maximum harmful effects were observed at lag0-7 (RR = 1.042; 95% CI: 1.017, 1.068), lag0-3 (RR = 1.067; 95% CI: 1.005, 1.133), lag0-6 (RR = 1.078; 95% CI: 1.041, 1.117), and lag0-6 (RR = 1.244; 95% CI: 1.109, 1.397), respectively. PM10 did not have an overall risk effect on angina hospitalization, but it did have a risk effect on women and the elderly. O3 was significantly negatively correlated with angina hospitalization, with the most pronounced effect observed at lag0-6 (RR = 0.960; 95% CI: 0.940, 0.982). Stratified analysis results showed that women and the elderly were more susceptible to pollutants, and the adverse effects of pollutants were stronger in the cold season. Conclusion Short-term exposure to PM2.5, SO2, NO2, and CO increases the risk of hospitalization for angina.