7 results on '"Jönsson EG"'
Search Results
2. Stability of personality traits over a five-year period in Swedish patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder and non-psychotic individuals: a study using the Swedish universities scales of personality.
- Author
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Fagerberg T, Söderman E, Petter Gustavsson J, Agartz I, and Jönsson EG
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- Adult, Case-Control Studies, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Disorders diagnosis, Personality Disorders epidemiology, Personality Disorders psychology, Sweden epidemiology, Time Factors, Universities, Personality, Personality Inventory standards, Schizophrenia diagnosis, Schizophrenia epidemiology, Schizophrenic Psychology
- Abstract
Background: Personality is considered as an important aspect in persons with psychotic disorders. Several studies have investigated personality in schizophrenia. However, no study has investigated stability of personality traits exceeding three years in patients with schizophrenia. This study aims to investigate the stability of personality traits over a five-year period among patients with schizophrenia and non-psychotic individuals and to evaluate case-control differences., Methods: Patients with psychotic disorders (n = 36) and non-psychotic individuals (n = 76) completed Swedish universities Scales of Personality (SSP) at two occasions five years apart. SSP scores were analysed for effect of time and case-control differences by multiple analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and within-subjects correlation., Results: MANCOVA within-subjects analysis did not show any effect of time. Thus, SSP mean scale scores did not significantly vary during the five-year interval. Within subject correlations (Spearman) ranged 0.30-0.68 and 0.54-0.75 for the different SSP scales in patients and controls, respectively. Patients scored higher than controls in SSP scales Somatic Trait Anxiety, Psychic Trait Anxiety, Stress Susceptibility, Lack of Assertiveness, Detachment, Embitterment, and Mistrust., Conclusion: The stability of the SSP personality trait was reasonably high among patients with psychotic disorder, although lower than among non-psychotic individuals, which is in accordance with previous research.
- Published
- 2018
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3. The quality of severe mental disorder diagnoses in a national health registry as compared to research diagnoses based on structured interview.
- Author
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Nesvåg R, Jönsson EG, Bakken IJ, Knudsen GP, Bjella TD, Reichborn-Kjennerud T, Melle I, and Andreassen OA
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- Adult, Bipolar Disorder psychology, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Female, Humans, International Classification of Diseases, Male, Norway, Psychometrics statistics & numerical data, Psychotic Disorders psychology, Research Design, Bipolar Disorder diagnosis, Psychotic Disorders diagnosis, Registries, Schizophrenia diagnosis
- Abstract
Background: Utilization of diagnostic information from national patient registries rests on the quality of the registered diagnoses. We aimed to investigate the agreement and consistency of diagnoses of psychotic and bipolar disorders in the Norwegian Patient Registry (NPR) compared to structured interview-based diagnoses given as part of a clinical research project., Methods: Diagnostic data from NPR were obtained for the period 01.01.2008-31.12.2013 for all patients who had been included in the Thematically Organized Psychosis (TOP) study between 18.10.2002 and 01.09.2014 with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) diagnosis of schizophrenia (n = 537), delusional disorder (n = 48), schizoaffective disorder (n = 118) or bipolar disorder (n = 408). Diagnostic agreement between the primary DSM-IV diagnosis in TOP and the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) diagnoses in NPR was evaluated using Cohen's unweighted nominal kappa (κ). Diagnostic consistency was calculated as the proportion of all registered severe mental disorder diagnoses in NPR that were equivalent to the primary diagnosis given in the TOP study., Results: The proportion of patients registered with the equivalent ICD-10 diagnosis as the primary DSM-IV diagnosis given in TOP was 84.2% for the schizophrenia group, 68.8% for the delusional disorder group, 76.3% for the schizoaffective disorder group, and 78.4% for the bipolar disorder group. Diagnostic agreement was good for schizophrenia (κ = 0.74) and bipolar disorder (κ = 0.72), fair for schizoaffective disorder (κ = 0.63), and poor for delusional disorder (κ = 0.39). Among patients with DSM-IV schizophrenia, 4.7% were diagnosed with ICD-10 bipolar disorder, and among patients with DSM-IV bipolar disorder, 2.5% were diagnosed with ICD-10 schizophrenia. Diagnostic consistency was 84.9% for schizophrenia, 59.1% for delusional disorder, 65.9% for schizoaffective disorder, and 91.0% for bipolar disorder., Conclusions: When compared to research-based diagnoses, clinical diagnoses of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in the NPR are accurate and consistent, with minimal diagnostic overlap between the two disorders.
- Published
- 2017
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4. Psychiatric and neurological disorders in late adolescence and risk of convictions for violent crime in men.
- Author
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Moberg T, Stenbacka M, Tengström A, Jönsson EG, Nordström P, and Jokinen J
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- Adolescent, Aged, Crime statistics & numerical data, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Intellectual Disability epidemiology, Intellectual Disability psychology, Male, Mental Disorders epidemiology, Middle Aged, Nervous System Diseases epidemiology, Personality Disorders epidemiology, Personality Disorders psychology, Registries, Risk Factors, Substance-Related Disorders epidemiology, Substance-Related Disorders psychology, Sweden epidemiology, Violence statistics & numerical data, Young Adult, Crime psychology, Mental Disorders complications, Nervous System Diseases complications, Violence psychology
- Abstract
Background: The relationship between mental illness and violent crime is complex because of the involvement of many other confounding risk factors. In the present study, we analysed psychiatric and neurological disorders in relation to the risk of convictions for violent crime, taking into account early behavioural and socio-economic risk factors., Methods: The study population consisted of 49,398 Swedish men, who were thoroughly assessed at conscription for compulsory military service during the years 1969-1970 and followed in national crime registers up to 2006. Five diagnostic groups were analysed: anxiety-depression/neuroses, personality disorders, substance-related disorders, mental retardation and neurological conditions. In addition, eight confounders measured at conscription and based on the literature on violence risk assessment, were added to the analyses. The relative risks of convictions for violent crime during 35 years after conscription were examined in relation to psychiatric diagnoses and other risk factors at conscription, as measured by odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) from bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses., Results: In the bivariate analyses there was a significant association between receiving a psychiatric diagnosis at conscription and a future conviction for violent crime (OR = 3.83, 95 % CI = 3.47-4.22), whereas no significant association between neurological conditions and future violent crime (OR = 1.03, 95 % CI = 0.48-2.21) was found. In the fully adjusted multivariate logistic regression model, mental retardation had the strongest association with future violent crime (OR = 3.60, 95 % CI = 2.73-4.75), followed by substance-related disorders (OR = 2.81, 95 % CI = 2.18-3.62), personality disorders (OR = 2.66, 95 % CI = 2.21-3.19) and anxiety-depression (OR = 1.29, 95 % CI = 1.07-1.55). Among the other risk factors, early behavioural problem had the strongest association with convictions for violent crime., Conclusions: Mental retardation, substance-related disorders, personality disorders and early behavioural problems are important predictors of convictions for violent crime in men.
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- 2015
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5. Risk factors for adult interpersonal violence in suicide attempters.
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Moberg T, Stenbacka M, Jönsson EG, Nordström P, Asberg M, and Jokinen J
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- Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Sweden epidemiology, Young Adult, Interpersonal Relations, Suicide, Attempted psychology, Violence statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Background: Suicidal and violent behaviours are interlinked and share common biological underpinnings. In the present study we analysed the association between violent behaviour as a child, childhood trauma, adult psychiatric illness, and substance abuse in relation to interpersonal violence as an adult in suicide attempters with mood disorders., Methods: A total of 161 suicide attempters were diagnosed with Structured Clinical Interviews and assessed with the Karolinska Interpersonal Violence Scale (KIVS) measuring exposure to violence and expressed violent behaviour in childhood (between 6-14 years of age) and during adult life (15 years or older). Ninety five healthy volunteers were used as a comparison group. A logistic regression analysis was conducted with the two KIVS subscales, expressed violent behaviour as a child and exposure to violence in childhood together with substance abuse, personality disorder diagnoses and age as possible predictors of adult interpersonal violence in suicide attempters., Results: Violent behaviour as a child, age and substance abuse were significant predictors of adult interpersonal violence. ROC analysis for the prediction model for adult violence with the KIVS subscale expressed violence as a child gave an AUC of 0.79. Using two predictors: violent behaviour as a child and substance abuse diagnosis gave an AUC of 0.84. The optimal cut-off for the KIVS subscale expressed violence as a child was higher for male suicide attempters., Conclusions: Violent behaviour in childhood and substance abuse are important risk factors for adult interpersonal violent behaviour in suicide attempters.
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- 2014
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6. Morphological correlates to cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia as studied with Bayesian regression.
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Laywer G, Nyman H, Agartz I, Arnborg S, Jönsson EG, Sedvall GC, and Hall H
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- Adult, Awareness, Bayes Theorem, Brain pathology, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Learning, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Psychotic Disorders psychology, Reference Values, Regression Analysis, Schizophrenia pathology, Cognition Disorders psychology, Neuropsychological Tests, Schizophrenic Psychology
- Abstract
Background: Relationships between cognitive deficits and brain morphological changes observed in schizophrenia are alternately explained by less gray matter in the brain cerebral cortex, by alterations in neural circuitry involving the basal ganglia, and by alteration in cerebellar structures and related neural circuitry. This work explored a model encompassing all of these possibilities to identify the strongest morphological relationships to cognitive skill in schizophrenia., Methods: Seventy-one patients with schizophrenia and sixty-five healthy control subjects were characterized by neuropsychological tests covering six functional domains. Measures of sixteen brain morphological structures were taken using semi-automatic and fully manual tracing of MRI images, with the full set of measures completed on thirty of the patients and twenty controls. Group differences were calculated. A Bayesian decision-theoretic method identified those morphological features, which best explained neuropsychological test scores in the context of a multivariate response linear model with interactions., Results: Patients performed significantly worse on all neuropsychological tests except some regarding executive function. The most prominent morphological observations were enlarged ventricles, reduced posterior superior vermis gray matter volumes, and increased putamen gray matter volumes in the patients. The Bayesian method associated putamen volumes with verbal learning, vigilance, and (to a lesser extent) executive function, while caudate volumes were associated with working memory. Vermis regions were associated with vigilance, executive function, and, less strongly, visuo-motor speed. Ventricular volume was strongly associated with visuo-motor speed, vocabulary, and executive function. Those neuropsychological tests, which were strongly associated to ventricular volume, showed only weak association to diagnosis, possibly because ventricular volume was regarded a proxy for diagnosis. Diagnosis was strongly associated with the other neuropsychological tests, implying that the morphological associations for these tasks reflected morphological effects and not merely group volumetric differences. Interaction effects were rarely associated, indicating that volumetric relationships to neuropsychological performance were similar for both patients and controls., Conclusion: The association of subcortical and cerebellar structures to verbal learning, vigilance, and working memory supports the importance of neural connectivity to these functions. The finding that a morphological indicator of diagnosis (ventricular volume) provided more explanatory power than diagnosis itself for visuo-motor speed, vocabulary, and executive function suggests that volumetric abnormalities in the disease are more important for cognition than non-morphological features.
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- 2006
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7. Monoamine related functional gene variants and relationships to monoamine metabolite concentrations in CSF of healthy volunteers.
- Author
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Jönsson EG, Bah J, Melke J, Abou Jamra R, Schumacher J, Westberg L, Ivo R, Cichon S, Propping P, Nöthen MM, Eriksson E, and Sedvall GC
- Subjects
- Adult, Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase genetics, Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase metabolism, Female, Gene Frequency, Genetic Variation, Homovanillic Acid metabolism, Humans, Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid metabolism, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol metabolism, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C genetics, Receptors, Dopamine D2 genetics, Receptors, Dopamine D4, Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3 genetics, Brain metabolism, Dopamine metabolism, Genotype, Homovanillic Acid cerebrospinal fluid, Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid cerebrospinal fluid, Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol cerebrospinal fluid, Polymorphism, Genetic, Serotonin metabolism
- Abstract
Background: Concentrations of monoamine metabolites in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been used extensively as indirect estimates of monoamine turnover in the brain. CSF monoamine metabolite concentrations are partly determined by genetic influences., Methods: We investigated possible relationships between DNA polymorphisms in the serotonin 2C receptor (HTR2C), the serotonin 3A receptor (HTR3A), the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4), and the dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) genes and CSF concentrations of 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA), homovanillic acid (HVA), and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) in healthy volunteers (n = 90)., Results: The HTR3A 178 C/T variant was associated with 5-HIAA levels (p = 0.02). The DBH-1021 heterozygote genotype was associated with 5-HIAA (p = 0.0005) and HVA (p = 0.009) concentrations. Neither the HTR2C Cys23Ser variant, nor the DRD4 -521 C/T variant were significantly associated with any of the monoamine metabolites., Conclusions: The present results suggest that the HTR3A and DBH genes may participate in the regulation of dopamine and serotonin turnover rates in the central nervous system.
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- 2004
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