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Objective:Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are clonal hematopoietic disorders characterized by proliferation in one or more myeloid lineages. The classical Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome-negative MPN includes polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocytosis (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). All of these diseases are associated with an increased risk of thrombo-hemorrhagic complications, progression to myelofibrosis or acute leukemia transformation, which remains the primary source of mortality. Mutations in JAK2(JAK2V617Fand JAK2exon 12), MPL(MPLW515L/K) and CALRhave been identified as the driver of MPN, and thus included as the major diagnostic criteria for MPN in the 2008 WHO diagnostic criteria. It has been reported that patients bearing similar JAK2mutations may present different phenotypes of MPNs. In addition, these gene mutations are involved in heterogeneity in clinical manifestations and different natural histories with progression to post polycythemia vera/essential thrombocytosis myelofibrosis (post-PV/ET MF) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The main purpose of the current study is to investigate the effects of recurrent gene mutations (CALR/JAK2/MPL) on the overall survival (OS) and progression with a cohort of 1353 Chinese patients with different subtypes of MPNs.