1. Clinical Activity of Abemaciclib (LY2835219), a Cell Cycle Inhibitor Selective for CDK4 and CDK6, in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma
- Author
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Richard P. Beckmann, David Xiaohui Wang, Kamal Bouabdallah, Sophie de Guibert, Stephan Stilgenbauer, Florian Zettl, Lawrence M. Gelbert, Edward M. Chan, Ji Lin, Lily Q. Li, Franck Morschhauser, Patrick Brueck, Catherine Thieblemont, Michael Pfreundschuh, Damien M. Cronier, Charles W. Caldwell, Martin Wilhem, Georg Hess, Marjo Hahka-Kemppinen, and Martin Wolf
- Subjects
Oncology ,Bendamustine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Performance status ,business.industry ,Immunology ,Phases of clinical research ,Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events ,Cell Biology ,Hematology ,medicine.disease ,Biochemistry ,Transplantation ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Mantle cell lymphoma ,Rituximab ,business ,Abemaciclib ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background: Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is characterized by a recurrent chromosomal translocation t(11;14) that leads to aberrant expression of Cyclin D1 which, together with cyclin dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6), inhibits the retinoblastoma (Rb) tumor suppressor protein and thereby induces malignant proliferation. Abemaciclib, a cell cycle inhibitor selective for CDK4/6 (Gelbert et al, 2014), has shown single agent clinical activity against multiple human tumors including lung cancer and breast cancer (Shapiro et al, ASCO 2013; Goldman et al, ASCO 2014; Patnaik et al, ASCO 2014). Based on molecular pathogenesis and single agent activity in preclinical models of human MCL, abemaciclib was evaluated in a single arm Phase II study for patients with relapsed or refractory MCL. Methods: The primary objective of this study was to estimate the disease control rate, which includes response (complete + unconfirmed complete + partial) plus stable disease, for patients who received abemaciclib for relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Patients were scheduled to receive abemaciclib (200 mg) orally every 12 hours on Days 1 through 28 of each 28-day cycle. Eligibility criteria permitted an unlimited number of prior systemic therapies including high dose chemotherapy with stem cell transplantation, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status = 1.5 x 109/L, and platelets >= 75 x 109/L. National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v4.0 were used to grade adverse events. Response Criteria for Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas (Cheson et al, 1999) were used to assess clinical activity. Plasma samples for pharmacokinetics were performed both after a single oral dose and after multiple doses at steady state. Flow cytometry was used to isolate circulating MCL cells for evaluation of pharmacodynamic effect on Rb phosphorylation. Results: In this Phase II study, 22 patients with relapsed or refractory MCL received single agent oral treatment with abemaciclib. Among these patients, 91% presented at initial diagnosis with Stage III or IV disease. At the time of study entry, these patients (9 female and 13 male) had a median age of 66 years (range: 53-83), 59% had ECOG performance status of 1 or 2, and all patients had constitutional B symptoms. Eighteen patients received >= 2 prior systemic therapies, and previous treatments for the overall study population included not only high dose chemotherapy with stem cell transplantation but also rituximab (96%), cyclophosphamide-based therapy (86%), cytarabine-based therapy (64%), temsirolimus (55%), and bendamustine (41%). Patients received 1-16 cycles of treatment with abemaciclib and 8 of 22 patients (36%) completed >= 6 cycles. The most common possibly related treatment-emergent adverse events across all grades included diarrhea (55%, including 9% G3/4), nausea (23%, with no G3/4), vomiting (32%, with no G3/4), fatigue (18%, with no G3/4), thrombocytopenia (55%, including 32% G3/4), neutropenia (36%, including 32% G3/4), and anemia (18%, with no G3/4). Plasma concentrations of abemaciclib were comparable to those previously observed and associated with clinical activity in patients with advanced non-hematologic malignancies. For patients with at least one post-treatment radiographic evaluation, preliminary investigator assessment indicates that single agent therapy with abemaciclib was associated with stable disease for 9 patients and partial response for 5 patients, including durable disease control (>= 6 cycles) in 8 of these 14 patients with relapsed or refractory MCL. Conclusions: Abemaciclib, a cell cycle inhibitor, demonstrates evidence of durable disease control as a single agent for patients with relapsed or refractory MCL. Disclosures Hahka-Kemppinen: Eli Lilly and Company: Employment, Equity Ownership. Xiaohui Wang:Eli Lilly and Company: Employment. Brueck:Eli Lilly and Company: Employment. Caldwell:Eli Lilly and Company: Employment. Beckmann:Eli Lilly and Company: Employment, Equity Ownership. Gelbert:Eli Lilly and Company : Consultancy. Cronier:Eli Lilly and Company: Employment. Lin:Eli Lilly and Company: Employment. Li:Eli Lilly and Company: Employment. Chan:Eli Lilly and Company: Employment, Equity Ownership. Pfreundschuh:Amgen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Boerhinger Ingelheim: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Onyx: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Pfizer: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Roche: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Spectrum: Research Funding.
- Published
- 2014