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The article presents information about advance in cancer genetics research. According to one study conducted by researcher S. Hedau and colleagues, published a 2004 issue of the journal "Breast Cancer Research and Treatment," mutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 account for more than 80% of hereditary breast and ovarian cancers. The p53 tumor suppressor gene that controls cellular growth and differentiation is also known to be mutated in more than 50% of human cancers including breast cancer," according to background information in the researchers' report.

Discusses U.S. findings that describe advances in osteoporosis. "Estrogen prevents bone loss through transforming growth factor beta signaling in T cells," study conducted by Y.H. Gao and coauthors and published in "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA"; "Basic fibroblast growth factor has rapid bone anabolic effects in ovariectomized rats," study conducted by A. Power and colleagues and published in "Osteoporosis International"; "Estrogen prevents the reduction in fractional calcium absorption due to energy restriction in mature rats," study conducted by M. Cifuentes and coauthors and published in the "Journal of Nutrition".

Discusses data on cancer genetics outlined in reports from Iceland, the North Ireland and Australia as of March 2005. BRCA2 gene mutations in familial ovarian cancer; Identification of a single founder mutation in each of the BRCA genes; Calculation of the frequency of the BRCA1 G5193A and BRCA2 999del5 mutations in all ovarian cancer patients diagnosed over the period 1991-2000; Correlation of mutation status with family history, tumor morphology, and age at diagnosis.

Reports on research related to osteoporosis. Genetic changes in exons 1 and 2 of estrogen receptor alpha TNFRSF1B gene and its possible role in osteoporosis susceptibility.

Reports on several research on cervical cancer. Loss of heterozygosity in the histidine triad gene intron 5; Hhuman papillomavirus (HPV) integration near translocation breakpoints in cervical cancer cells.

Discusses research studies from Scotland, Canada and Sweden concerning ovarian cancer. Chromosomal imbalances as predictor of survival in women with ovarian cancer; Implication of the research on the field of biotechnology; Basis for the conclusion; Authors of the study; Periodical that published the research.

Discusses a research study in the United States about the evaluation of the OvaRex MAb for ovarian cancer. Implication of the research on the field of biotechnology; Basis for the conclusion; Authors of the study; Periodical that published the research.

Discusses a research study in the United States and Taiwan about the field of gynecology. Implication of the research on the field of biotechnology; Basis for the conclusion; Authors of the study; Periodical that published the research.

The article cites several studies on cervical cancer. Researcher M. Moberg and colleagues studied the amount of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA for some of the most frequent high-risk HPV types as determinants of progression to cervical carcinoma in situ. They published the results of their research in the "International Journal of Cancer." Researcher R.E. Zuna and colleagues reported that HPV genotyping of high grade squamous intraepithelial cervical lesions may help determine risk of progression to invasive carcinoma. Their report was published in the journal "Modern Pathology."

The article cites several studies on ovarian cancer. Researcher G.X. Xu and colleagues investigated the Nodal gene's mechanism of action in ovarian cancer. They published their study in the "Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism." Researcher G.H. Nguyen and colleagues at Georgia Institute of Technology reported that lysophosphatidic acid is a lipid growth factor that stimulates the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. The researchers published their study in the journal "Cellular Signalling."

Reports on findings of studies of advances in obstetrics research in the United States and Japan. "Regulation of placental vascular endothelial growth/permeability factor expression and angiogenesis by estrogen during early baboon pregnancy," by E.D. Albrecht and colleagues, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, and published in the "Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"; "Greater vascularity, lowered HIF-1/DNA binding, and elevated GSH as markers of adaptation to in vivo chronic hypoxia," by M.C.T. van patot and colleagues, and published in the "American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology".

Discusses studies in Thailand, Israel and Switzerland on insulin resistance and metformin in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in Asian women with PCOS; Mean body mass index; Effect of the insulin sensitizer pioglitazone on insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism and ovulatory dysfunction in women with PCOS.

Reports that findings from Netherlands and Australia describe advances in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Differences in gene expression profiles in human ovaries when comparing PCOS patients versus healthy normo-ovulatory individuals; Indication that assisted reproductive techniques can help overcome subfertility in women with PCOS.

Discusses research studies from Scotland, Brazil and Italy concerning polycystic ovary syndrome. Implication of the research studies on the field of biotechnology; Major stumbling block in efforts to conduct a study on the effects of discontinuing metformin therapy by women with polycystic ovary syndrome; Authors of the studies; Periodicals that published the research works.

Reports on the research focusing on reproductive medicine in the Netherlands, France and Italy. Lack of involvement of protein C inhibitor gene mutations in male subfertility; Performance of mutation screen of the PCI gene in subfertile men with severe teratozoospermia or idiopathic azoospermia; Presence of several nucleotide variants in patients.

Presents several studies related to endocrinology. Investigation of the movement of luteinizing hormone pulse frequency in ovariectomized rhesus monkey model; Examination on the applicability of the increased pulsatile gonadotropin releasing hormone levels on menopausal symptoms; Analysis of the tendency of skin temperature to reflect changes brought on by hormones.

Cites a study conducted by researchers in the U.S., which found that body size and ethnicity are associated with changes in the menstrual cycle of perimenopausal women. Hormones used in algorithms to evaluate menstrual cycles for features of folliculogenesis, ovulation and corpus luteum function; Only factor associated with total cycle length when multivariate analysis was applied to the data; Significance of ethnicity in the size of the body.

Reports on advances in hormone replacement therapy research from Iran and the U.S. Comparison of a study made between lower doses of conjugated equine estrogen and medroxyprogesterone acetate; Decrease of skeletal muscle insulin signaling; Detection of cardioprotective effects of hormone replacement therapy in post menopausal women.

Reports on various research in the area of gynecology. Identification of VEGF as a prognostic marker for radiation therapy-treated cervical cancer; Failure of HIF-1 alpha protein to denote the oxygenation status of cervical cancer; Examination of the predictive value of tumor angiogenesis for epithelial ovarian cancer.

Presents researchers in urinary incontinence from investigators in South Korea, France and Japan. Factors potentially predicting the outcome of the tension-free vaginal tape procedures; Evaluation on the parameters of preoperative pressure-flow in women with stress urinary incontinence; Details on the approaches taken for the treatment of urinary stress incontinence.

Presents research advancements on oncology. Determination on the antitumor effects of RASSF1A genes; Assessment on the response of the immune system from the disulfiram drugs; Way of treating the patients with metastatic melanoma.

Reports on findings of studies on advances in encephalomyelitis research in Sweden and the United States. "Dendritic cells exposed to estrogen in vitro exhibit therapeutic effects in ongoing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis," by Asa Pettersson and colleagues at the Karolinska Institute, published in a 2004 issue of "Journal of Neuroimmunology"; "The therapeutic effects of PJ34 [N-(6-oxo-5,6dihydrophenanthridin-2-yl)-N,N-dimethylacetamide HCl], a selective inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis are associated with immunomodulation," by Gwen S. Scott and collaborators at Thomas Jefferson University and Inotek Pharmaceuticals Corporation, published in a 2004 issue of "Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics".

Discusses an abstract of the study "Surgical approach to hysterectomy for benign gynaecological disease," by Neil Johnson of the University of Auckland in New Zealand and his colleagues, and published in the January 2005 issue of "The Cochrane Library". Fewer infections and high temperatures after surgery of women who had vaginal hysterectomies; Evidence comparing laparoscopic and abdominal hysterectomy.

Reports on findings of studies of ovarian cancer in Scotland, Canada and Sweden. "Anti-inflammatory an proliferative responses in human and ovine ovarian surface epithelial cells," by O. Gubbay and colleagues, University of Edinburgh, and published in the journal "Reproduction"; "Progressive changes in Met-dependent signaling in a human ovarian surface epithelial model of malignant transformation," by A.S.T. Wong, at he University's Women's Hospital, and colleagues and published in the "Experimental Cell Research".

Discusses an abstract of the study "Comparison of human papillomavirus genotypes in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and invasive cervical carcinoma: Evidence for differences in biologic potential of precursor lesions," by R.E. Zuna and colleagues at the University of Oklahoma, and published in the "Modern Pathology". Study design and methods; Objectives and findings of the study.

Reports on findings of studies of atherosclerosis in Japan, Norway and the South Korea. "Inhibitory effect of low-dose estrogen on neointimal formation after balloon injury of rat carotid artery," by T. Watanabe, University of Tokyo and colleagues, and published in the "European Journal of Pharmacology"; "Low bone mineral density is related to echogenic carotid artery plaques: A population-based study," by L. Jorgensen and colleagues, University of Tromso, and published in the "American Journal of Epidemiology".

Reports on findings of studies of gynecology research advances in the United States and Italy. "Vascular endothelial growth factor transcriptional activation is mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha, HDM2, and p70S6K1 in response to phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT signaling," by H.D. Skinner and colleagues at West Virginia University, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, and published in the "Journal of Biological Chemistry"; "Prognostic significance of microvessel density and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in advanced ovarian serous carcinoma," by M.R. Raspollini and colleagues at the University of Florence, Department of Human Pathology and Oncology, and published in the "International Journal of Gynecological Cancer".

Discusses an abstract of the study "Protein kinase A inhibits lysophosphatidic acid induction of serum response factor via alterations in the actin cytoskeleton," by G.X. Xu and colleagues, and published in the "Journal of Clinical endocrinology and Metabolism". Study methods; Effects of Nodal and ALK7-ca in chemosensitive A2780-s cells.

Discusses new findings in contraception from Australia and the U.S. Development of mouse-specific contraceptive vaccines by researchers; Sequence of a circular DNA encoding for a protein specifically expressed in human testis, ovary and placenta; Review of passive immunization for immunocontraception in a recent issue of "Frontiers in Bioscience."

Presents the new ovarian cancer data form investigators in Italy, Japan and Sweden. Feasibility of cytoreductive surgery combined with intraperitoneal chemohyperthermia to treat recurrent peritoneal carcinomatosis from ovarian cancer; Presentation of the results of a feasibility study of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval cytoreductive surgery for stage III/IV ovarian, tubal and peritoneal cancers; Presence of more treatment side effects of radiotherapy in patients with ovarian carcinoma.

Cites studies conducted by researchers in France and the U.S., which highlight recent research on gynecology. Ability of nonviral PTEN gene transfer halts endometrical cancer cell proliferation; Potential of suicide gene therapy makes ovarian cancer susceptible to chemotherapy; Correlation of THY 1 with tumor suppression in human ovarian cancer.

Presents several research on obstetrics. Capability of estrogen to mediate angiogenic induction during primate pregnancies; Determination of vascularity in placenta from uncomplicated high-altitude pregnancies; Identification of increased maternal adenosine in serum as a primary factor for hyperuricemia in twin pregnancies.

Focuses on findings of the Women In Government's report on state's progress to eliminate cervical cancer in the U.S. Investigation on coverage of routine screening tests in public insurance programs; Evaluation on state legislation regarding cervical cancer elimination; Assessment on state funding on cervical cancer tests.

Describes findings in cervical cancer research. Proportion of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions encountered in surgical pathology practice; Details on the histologic appearance of eosinophilic dysplasia (ED); Detection of the area of benign squamous metaplasia in all ED cases.

Presents several research advances on cervical cancer from China and the U.S. Implementation of a study looking at risk factors for invasive ovarian cancer among women at the U.S. National Cancer Institute; Usefulness of human papillomavirus DNA in plasma of women for monitoring response to therapy and disease progression; Challenges in the identification of women at highest risk for cancer prior to neoplastic progression.

Announces the publication of new data on cervical cancer. Examination of the amount of human papillomavirus (HPV)DNA for some of the most frequent high-risk HPV types as determinants of progression to cervical carcinoma in situ; Use of real-time polymerase chain reaction to estimate the normalized viral load of different types of HPV; Number of Pap smear results examined for the study.

The article focuses on the study that women like the idea of menstrual suppression, skipping or eliminating monthly periods, but want their healthcare providers to tell them more about it published in the journal "Contraception." The study describes the attitudes of women and clinicians towards menstrual suppression. Even though the women and clinicians surveyed said they believe menstruation is a natural event and should not be treated like a disease, the researchers found that women were intrigued with the notion of not menstruating every month for various reasons, including not enjoying getting their period every month and feeling that men have a real advantage by not having the monthly interruption. Two-thirds of them reported they wouldn't miss their period if it disappeared and would be interested in stopping their period if it were safe and free.

The article cites a study by Olmsted Medical Center and Mayo Clinic published in the journal "Mayo Clinic Proceedings." that reports on ovarian cancer symptoms. The results analyzing symptoms recorded in the medical records of ovarian cancer patients suggest ovarian cancer, long considered asymptomatic until late-stage cancer develops, does in fact have early symptoms, including urinary incontinence and abdominal pain. The most common symptom found in the records of the 107 ovarian cancer patients studied was crampy abdominal pain. Abdominal pain and urinary urgency, frequency, or incontinence were the most commonly documented symptoms in women who had Stage I and II, the early stages, of ovarian cancer.

Cites a study from the U.S. which found that anorexia nervosa (AN) is characterized by low weight and self-imposed caloric restriction and leads to severe bone loss. Prevalence of amenorrhea due to acquired gonadatropin releasing hormone deficiency in AN; Quantity of the body fat and nutritionally dependent hormones in women with eating disorders; Importance of fat mass for preservation of normal menstrual function in malnourished women.

The article states that according to new findings from a sub-study of the Women's Health Initiative, postmenopausal women who take combination estrogen-plus-progestin hormone replacement therapy for 1 year experience a two-fold increase in breast density, a known risk factor for breast cancer, and a quadrupled risk of having an abnormal mammogram. Lead investigator Anne Mclieman, MD, PhD, of Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, Washington, presented these findings on October 18, 2004, at the third annual International Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research hosted by the American Association for Cancer Research.

Discusses the results of a study on abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) in the U.S. Identification of men as the most usual victims of the disease; Inhibition of the development of AAA through increased estrogen; Effect of estrogen on the production of MMP-9.

Discusses the research on a blood test procedure designed to detect ovarian cancer using three proteins found commonly in blood of women with the disease by Daniel W. Chan and colleagues published in the August 15, 2004 issue of the "Cancer Research" journal.

Presents the results of the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study which examines the effects of estrogen therapy on the risk of dementia in older women. Information on the women participants in the study; Recommendation of Wyeth Pharmaceuticals in prescribing hormone therapy to menopause women; Primary reason of menopause women for using hormone therapy.

Discusses research being done on the effect of a diet high in soy isoflavones on markers for breast and uterine cancer risk in postmenopausal monkeys. Reference to a study by Charles E. Wood et al., which appeared in a 2004 issue of the "Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism"; Information on estrogen-like compounds called isoflavones or phytoestrogens; Levels of the estrogen produced by the body in monkeys with soy isoflavones in their diet.

Reports on research from Denmark on the potential of frozen ovarian tissue technology for women with cancer. Case study of a woman who was diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma and was about to receive chemotherapy and radiotherapy; Transplantation of strips from the frozen ovary of the woman back to the remaining ovary; Unsuccessful attempts in making the woman pregnant using established reproductive technology.

Reports on the efficacy of common diabetes medication on treating symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), according to a study in Stanford University School of Medicine in the U.S. Characterization of PCOS; Effect of too much insulin in the ovary; Usage of insulin sensitizers for the treatment of PCOS.

Presents a study on the inability of estrogen therapy to decrease the risk for dementia in older and postmenopausal women, according to research from the U.S. Association between lower risk of dementia and postmenopausal estrogen use; Presentation of clinical trials; Incidence of probable dementia in the estrogen-alone trial.

Reports on the identification of a monoclonal antibody that prompts the immune system to target wayward ovarian cancer cells roaming the body may help forestall recurrence. Removal of tumor followed by chemotherapy to help improve survival rates and quality of life; Monitoring of immune responses; Provision of longer disease-free intervals for theose with advanced disease.

Reveals that valproic acid and the industrial solvent ethylene glycol methyl ether potently boost estrogen and progestin activity inside cells.

Examines the therapeutic effects of estrogen-like drugs on postmenopausal women with weight gain.