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Soil salinization and nutrient deficiency limit agricultural production in the Yellow River Delta region. This study investigates the green manure-forage grass rotation on soil quality and productivity. A two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different varieties of Sesbania cannabina and ᵡTriticosecale Wittm rotations on soil properties, biological characteristics, and adaptability in coastal saline-alkali land. Four cropping rotation systems were set: Gaoyuan 2 - Lujing 2 (G2L2), Gaoyuan 2 - Lujing 5 (G2L5), Gaoyuan 1640 - Lujing 2 (G1640L2), and Gaoyuan 1640 - Lujing 5 (G1640L5). The G2L5 rotation demonstrated superior enhancement of soil quality. The soil organic matter increased by 35.8%, and the soil electric conductivity (CEC) increased by 20.2%. Compared with T. Wittm, S. cannabina had a significant positive effect on soil physical and chemical properties. S. cannabina L5 showed improved performance in mass density, fresh weight of stem, leaf and aboveground part, etc. After S. cannabina returned to the field, T. Wittm G2 had greater plant height, thousand-grain weight, and stem weight, and the yield reached 322 kg per 667 m2. In conclusion, G2L5 is the recommended planting model in saline-alkali soil. This research offers valuable insight for the efficient planting and sustainable development of coastal saline-alkali land.

Stabilized fertilizers that contain nitrification inhibitors and/or urease inhibitors are widely used in China. A pot experiment was conducted to analyze soil enzymatic characteristics related to carbon and nitrogen turnover and metabolism under the use of rice straw and stabilized fertilizer. Results showed that stabilized fertilizer exhibited the highest yield production, panicle numbers, and above-ground biomass. Compared with urea treatment with straw, adding inhibitors reduced soil organic carbon and the enzyme activity related to acquisition of carbon, but increased soil organic carbon accumulation, rice yield, and above-ground biomass. Stabilized fertilizer increased protease activity; however, it decreased N-acetyl-β-glucosaminide. Addition of straw significantly increased dissolved organic and microbial biomass carbon or nitrogen, as well as the enzyme activities of α-D-glucosidase, β-D-glucosidase, β-Nacetyl-glucosidase, and cellulase at the seedling and tillering stages. The principal components analysis showed that the synthesis of extracellular enzyme related to carbon and nitrogen acquiring act as a proxy for straw decomposing under nitrogen conditions. The combination delayed the release of ammonia, which affected the carbon and nitrogen coupling by microbial organisms. These results demonstrated a relationship between soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics and soil enzymes in different fertilization management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]