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A novel single-stage partial nitritation–anammox process equipped with porous functional suspended carriers was developed at 25 °C in a CSTR by controlling dissolved oxygen <0.3 mg/L. The nitrogen removal performance was almost unchanged over a nitrogen loading rate ranging from 0.5 to 2.5 kg NH 4 + -N/m 3 /d with a high nitrogen removal efficiency of 81.1%. The specific activity of AOB and anammox bacteria was of 3.00 g-N/g-MLVSS/d (the suspended sludge), 3.56 g-N/g-MLVSS/d (the biofilm sludge), respectively. The results of pyrosequencing revealed that Nitrosomonas (5.66%) and Candidatus_Kuenenia (4.95%) were symbiotic in carriers while Nitrosomonas (40.70%) was predominant in the suspended flocs. Besides, two specific types of heterotrophic filamentous bacteria in the suspended flocs ( Haliscomenobacter ) and the functional carrier biofilm ( Longilinea ) were shown to confer structural integrity to the aggregates. The novel single-stage partial nitritation–anammox process equipped with functional suspended carriers was shown to have good potential for the nitrogen-rich wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]