1. The treatment of pulp and paper mill effluent: a review
- Author
-
G Thompson, J Swain, M Kay, and C.F. Forster
- Subjects
Paper ,Engineering ,Time Factors ,Environmental Engineering ,Industrial Waste ,Bioengineering ,Waste Disposal, Fluid ,Industrial waste ,Waste Management ,Industry ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Effluent ,Waste management ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,business.industry ,Paper mill ,General Medicine ,Europe ,Anaerobic digestion ,Biodegradation, Environmental ,Activated sludge ,Wastewater ,Sewage treatment ,Water Microbiology ,business ,Waste disposal - Abstract
The manufacture of paper generates significant quantities of wastewater; as high as 60 m3/tonne of paper produced. The raw wastewaters from paper and board mills can be potentially very polluting. Indeed, a recent survey within the UK industry has found that their chemical oxygen demands can be as high as 11000 mg/l. This paper reviews the processes involved in paper making and examines the effects which they could have on the environment. It also evaluates the treatment processes which are used to minimise these effects. In line with the majority of UK practice, it focuses mainly on aerobic biological treatment and, in particular, on the activated sludge process. This means that there is an in-depth discussion about the problems associated with filamentous bacteria and sludge "bulking". The paper also discusses the way in which anaerobic digestion can be applied to the treatment of liquid wastes from the manufacture of paper.
- Published
- 2001