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Poplar leaves, poplar bark and poplar wood were deoxy-liquefied directly in an air-proof stainless steel reactor at different temperatures. The oils from leaves at 350°C, from bark at 400°C and from wood at 450°C, at which the liquid product yields were the maximum, were analyzed by GC–MS. The oils obtained from three parts of poplar tree were quite different from each other in the relative contents of their compositions. The oil from leaves was rich in hydrocarbons (alkanes: C7–C29; aromatics) and poor in phenolics, while oil from wood was rich in phenolics and poor in hydrocarbons. The oil from bark was moderate. Relative contents of hydrocarbons in the leaves oil were as high as 60.01% but decreased to 29.71% in bark oil and 11.43% in wood oil. GC analysis of gases and FT-IR, GC–MS and elemental analysis of oils were performed in this study. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]