1. The optimization of aminooxadiazoles as orally active inhibitors of Cdc7
- Author
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Alexander J. Pickrell, Tisha San Miguel, Kelvin K. C. Sham, Christopher H. Fotsch, Andreas Reichelt, Leeanne Zalameda, Matthew P. Bourbeau, Aaron C. Siegmund, John G. Allen, Heller Scott Francis, Sonia Escobar, Julie M. Bailis, Paul E. Harrington, Tammy L. Bush, Jessica Orf, Helming Tan, Faye Hsieh, Michael J. Frohn, Minqing Rong, and Dean Hickman
- Subjects
Clinical Biochemistry ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Mice, Nude ,Cell Cycle Proteins ,Pharmacology ,Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases ,Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,Structure-Activity Relationship ,Pharmacokinetics ,Drug Discovery ,Animals ,Isoquinoline ,Molecular Biology ,IC50 ,Cell potency ,Protein Kinase Inhibitors ,Oxadiazoles ,Molecular Structure ,Kinase ,Organic Chemistry ,Glutathione ,Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ,Rats ,Disease Models, Animal ,chemistry ,Pharmacodynamics ,Molecular Medicine ,Female ,Selectivity - Abstract
A series of aminooxadiazoles was optimized for inhibition of Cdc7. Early lead isoquinoline 1 suffered from modest cell potency (cellular IC50=0.71 μM measuring pMCM2), low selectivity against structurally related kinases, and high IV clearance in rats (CL=18 L/h/kg). Extensive optimization resulted in azaindole 26 (Cdc7 IC50=1.1 nM, pMCM2 IC50=32 nM) that demonstrated robust lowering of pMCM2 in a mouse pharmacodynamic (PD) model when dosed orally. Modifications to improve the pharmacokinetic profile of this series were guided by trapping experiments with glutathione in rat hepatocytes.
- Published
- 2013