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Purposes: To explore the association of anaemia with risk of outcomes of in-hospital patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and atrial fibrillation (AF)., Methods: Patients with AF and AMI at their first hospitalizations in three hospitals (Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University and China-Japan Friendship Hospital) were retrospectively reviewed and divided into two groups (with vs. without anaemia) according to haemoglobin within one day before or after admission., Results: 864 patients with AF and AMI (mean age:74.22 years; 39.9% female) were included in the current study. Patients with anaemia had increased risk of any bleeding (adjusted OR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.43-3.68, p  = 0.001), minor bleeding (adjusted OR: 2.37, 95% CI:1.40-4.01, p  = 0.001), gastrointestinal bleeding (adjusted OR: 2.53, 95% CI:1.51-4.25, p  < 0.001) and other death causes (adjusted OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.07-2.72, p  = 0.02) compared to those without anaemia according to logistic regression. However, there was no difference in the risk of stroke or/and systematic embolism (SE) between patients with and without anaemia., Conclusions: In the Chinese in-hospital AMI and AF cohort, anaemia was shown to be associated with increased risk of any bleeding, minor bleeding, gastrointestinal bleeding and other death causes, but not the risk of stroke or/and SE.

Objective: To explore the association between the levels of troponin (Tn) and incident atrial fibrillation (AF) occurrence, AF recurrence after radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and the risk trend of AF related prognosis (stroke, major bleeding and mortality)., Methods: Twenty-seven studies were included after a systematic search in PubMed from 2005 to 2017, including 13 associated with incident AF occurrence, 8 associated with AF recurrence after RFA and 6 studies evaluating the risk trend of AF-related prognosis with increased Tn levels., Results: Compared with 'no incident AF occurrence' patients, the incident AF occurrence group had similar baseline troponin I (TnI) levels (standardized mean differences [SMD] = 0.42, 95% CI: -0.02-0.86, p = 0.06; I 2  = 87.0%, N = 6), but higher troponin T (TnT) levels (SMD = 3.77, 2.13-5.42, p <0.001; I 2 =99.7%, N = 8). AF recurrence patients had similar peri-ablation TnI levels, but higher peri-ablation TnT levels compared to the 'no AF recurrence' group with pooled SMD. (TnI: SMD: -0.61, -1.22to 0, p = 0.049; I 2  = 87.1%; TnT: 0.38, 0.14-0.62, p = 0.002; I 2  = 64.7%). On meta-regression, there was an increased risk trend for stroke/systemic embolism (SE) (r 2  = 0.93, p = 0.04) or major bleeding (r 2  = 0.99, p < .0001) with the increasing TnT levels. Mortality was not significantly related to TnI (r 2  = 0.09, p = 0.25) or TnT (r 2  = 0.20, p = 0.31), and stroke/SE (r 2  = 0.02, p = 0.74) or major bleeding (r 2  = 0.002, p = 0.92) was non-significantly related to increasing TnI levels., Conclusions: In our systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression, TnT was associated with both incident AF occurrence and AF recurrence after RFA, as well as stroke/SE and major bleeding. In contrast, TnI was not associated with incident AF occurrence, AF recurrence after RFA or prognosis (stroke/SE, major bleeding).