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Disponible desde www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. -- Autores: Muiños-Gimeno, Margarita ... [et al.], [Background] The involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in neuronal differentiation and synaptic plasticity suggests a role for miRNAs in psychiatric disorders; association analyses and functional approaches were used to evaluate the implication of miRNAs in the susceptibility for panic disorder., [Methods] Case-control studies for 712 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) tagging 325 human miRNA regions were performed in 203 Spanish patients with panic disorder and 341 control subjects. A sample of 321 anxiety patients and 642 control subjects from Finland and 102 panic disorder patients and 829 control subjects from Estonia was used as a replica. Reporter-gene assays and miRNA overexpression experiments in neuroblastoma cells were used to functionally evaluate the spectrum of genes regulated by the associated miRNAs., [Results] Two SNPs associated with panic disorder: rs6502892 tagging miR-22 (p < .0002), and rs11763020 tagging miR-339 (p < .00008). Other SNPs tagging miR-138-2, miR-488, miR-491, and miR-148a regions associated with different panic disorder phenotypes. Replication in the north-European sample supported several of these associations, although they did not pass correction for multiple testing. Functional studies revealed that miR-138-2, miR-148a, and miR-488 repress (30%–60%) several candidate genes for panic disorder—GABRA6, CCKBR and POMC, respectively—and that miR-22 regulates four other candidate genes: BDNF, HTR2C, MAOA, and RGS2. Transcriptome analysis of neuroblastoma cells transfected with miR-22 and miR-488 showed altered expression of a subset of predicted target genes for these miRNAs and of genes that might be affecting physiological pathways related to anxiety., [Conclusions] This work represents the first report of a possible implication of miRNAs in the etiology of panic disorder., Este trabajo fue financiado por el "Instituto Carlos III y el Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias" (nº CIBER-CB06/02/0058, CIBER-SAM, FIS/ISCIII: P1052565, ISCIII: GO3/184, FI05/0006 para Margarita Muiños-Gimeno), la "Fundación Marató-TV3" (nº 014 331), el "Departament d'Universitats Innovació i Empresa, Generalitat de Catalunya" (nº 2005SGR00008 y 2009SGR1435), el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (nº SAF2008-00357), Sexto Programa Marco de la Unión Europea Proyecto Integrado SIROCCO (nº LSHG-CT-2006-037900). Andres Metspalu fue apoyado por el Séptimo Programa Marco Unión de la Europea (nº ENGAGE 201413, ECOGENE # 205419 EBC, y OPENGENE # 245536), la Unión Europea a través del Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (Centro de Excelencia en Genómica) y el Gobierno de Estonia (nº SF0180142s08). El Centro Español Nacional de Genotipado (CeGen) fue apoyado por "Genoma España". Academia de Finlandia, Yrjö and Tuulikki Ilvonen Foundation y la Fundación Sigrid Juselius. Fundación Científica de Estonia (nº 7034).