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Two strains (ORS 18692 S7 and ORS 18692 S5) of the nematophagous fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora have been isolated for the first time in Senegal. In vitro, both strains trapped 98% of groups of 7-day-old Meloidogyne mayaguensis juveniles within 48 h. Their optimal growth occurred at 25-30 C and at a pH of 5.6, but salinity inhibited their development. In order to test the fungi on M. mayaguensis in pots and in mixed populations of Meloidogyne spp. on tomato in the field, the fungus was incorporated into compost blocks before sowing and subsequent transplanting. In pot experiments during the cool season (28 C), both strains reduced nematode populations and stimulated seedling growth. In field trials during the hot season (35 C), both strains were efficient in reducing Meloidogyne populations. The feasibility of combining the use of compost blocks with the introduction of A. oligospora is discussed. Pour la premie re fois, deux souches du champignon ne matophage Arthrobotrys oligospora (souches ORS 18692 S5...