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The article discusses the European Union (EU) emissions trading system, which has been applied to non-EU airlines and was upheld by judge Juliane Kokott of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) after a challenge by the U.S. Air Transport Association (ATA). Kokott found that the EU was not violating international law, in part because the EU was not a signatory to the Chicago Convention on civil aviation. Retaliation, emissions standards for aircraft, and airline competition are examined.

The article presents information related to the impact of the airline industry on the environment. According to the environmental lobby group Friends of the Earth, aviation emissions are one of the leading causes of climate change, which is a result of the environmental pollution. About 2% of global CO2 emissions are contributed by the air transport sector. According to airline industry representatives, air transport should be commended for what it has accomplished over the years in cleaning up its pollution contribution. Also, there is a difference between Europe and the U.S. on the matter of including aviation in emissions trading.

The article examines the emissions trading system of European Union (EU) countries. A compromise created by Eu countries extending the period in which the system applies to airline industry flights only within the EU until the end of 2016 is discussed, particularly objections by airlines in EU countries that the proposal unfairly penalizes them.

Aerospace industry-related news briefs are presented. The Turkish National Police have entered negotiations with Bell Helicopter for the sale of the 429 helicopter. The aerospace company Elbit Systems has announced that a government in the Americas has purchased the Hermes 900 unmanned aircraft. Chinese airlines are refusing to pay charges for carbon dioxide emissions to the European Union (EU), according to the China Air Transport Association.

The article discusses Arab countries which are protesting the inclusion of airlines in the emissions trading system (ETS) of the European Union (EU). The Arab Air Carriers Organization (AACO) has called on the Arab Civil Aviation Commission (ACAC) to take a common position on the topic, while some countries are negotiating equivalent measures with the European Commission (EC).

The article looks at the use of vegetable oil, cellulosic, and algal biofuels to fuel airplanes and argues that it may be better for airlines to purchase carbon credits. The author examines trials of biodiesel, concerns about the future supply of biofuel, and the carbon footprint of biofuels. The participation of airlines in the European Union (EU) emissions trading system (ETS) and debate in the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is discussed.

News briefs on aeronautics are presented. The Air Transport Association of America's civil action against the European Union (EU) inclusion of U.S. airline emissions in its emissions trading system will be heard by the European Court of Justice. The BAA, operator of Heathrow Airport in London, England, announced it was halting its plan to construct a third runway. Sweden has awarded Saab a contract to develop avionics for the Gripen jet fighter plane.

The article reports on the challenges being faced by European airlines that operate within the European Union (EU) for complying with the region's Emissions Trading Scheme. Officials of the airline industry have raised concerns about whether governments are ready to do their part to meet the aggressive compliance schedule. Among the problems faced by airlines is the fact that some foreign carriers have not yet been told which national authority within the EU will regulate their compliance.

This article discusses the impact of the European Union Emissions Trading System (ETS) on the business jet community. It highlights the opinion of the community that the ETS is an unfair emissions trading scheme for the industry in Europe. It notes that about 2,700 operators will be affected by the rules from the European Commission (EC). The concern of the administration of U.S. President Barack Obama over the ETS is also noted.

The article reports on imminent decisions being faced by Europe on aviation and the environment as of 2008. It says that the continent will finalize how airlines will participate in emissions-trading scheme (ETS). It says that Europe will also decide in December whether to endorse a plan to move forward on the long-promised Single European Sky.

The article reports that the European Parliament is expected to approve a compromise that includes aviation in emissions trading. The parliament is expected to pass the legislative proposal, with the European Council likely to take the matter up in December 2008. One industry official estimated that the cost to the airline industry will be huge reaching around €2.8 billion. Meanwhile, the Association of European Airlines (AEA) argues in a letter to European parliamentarians that the cost could be higher.

The article reports that the European Parliament and European Council are attempting to address differences over airline emissions trading, with big implications for financially struggling airlines. Several carriers within the European Union have embraced the idea of an emissions trading scheme (ETS) to help curb the growth of carbon dioxide output. According to Peter Hartman, chief executive officer (CEO) of KLM and chairman of the Association of European Airlines, ETS could be a potentially effective tool to address CO2 emissions.

The article focuses on the exploration of alternative-energy options by aircraft manufacturers in Europe due to their eventual inclusion in an emissions trading scheme or ETS. One example is Bombardier's Belfast production site, which has to balance its carbon dioxide output with the cap-and-trade plan covering industrial activities that Europe has been using since 2005. Airbus has installed solar cells at its Spanish facilities that reduce carbon dioxide output by about 100 metric tons per year.

The article reports that although Europe is moving ahead to develop an environmentally friendly air traffic system for business aviation, bizav leaders worry that the continent's strong environmental consciousness could still end up putting them at a competitive disadvantage. The implementation of a Single European Sky (SES) air traffic management (ATM) system, will allow business aviation operators and other airspace users to benefit from the lower emissions and noise that increased ATM efficiencies are expected to bring.

This section presents updates on commercial and military aeronautics as of November 19, 2007. The vote by the European Parliament to include aviation in the European Union's Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) was criticized by the International Air Transport Association and the Civil Air Navigation Services Organization. A group of investors around Spanish billionaire Alicia Koplowitz plans to submit a formal bid for Iberia. The British Royal Air Force (RAF) has begun live laser-guided weapon drop trials from the Eurofighter Typhoon.

The article focuses on the controversy over inclusion of aviation in emissions trading. Europe has been driving the agenda to incorporate aviation into the emissions trading scheme (ETS), with plans to start including the sector in 2011, but airlines and the U.S. have been urging that a global approach be negotiated at the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) level, rather than having Europe go it alone.

This section offers news briefs related to aeronautics in Europe. European aerospace industry officials say the proposed European Union Emissions Trading Scheme will cost €4 billion ($5.4 billion) per year. Systems are facing renewed pressure over alleged payments related to the Al Yamamah weapons deals with Saudi Arabia. Rolls-Royce has shipped the first set of Trent 1000s to Boeing for use on the first-flight 787 aircraft.

The article presents information on the lack of constructive discussions between states on how to handle aviation's impact on climate change. Discussions on expanding emissions trading to aviation appear to be stalled. The stakes for the airline industry are high. Europe wants to include air transport in its emissions-trading scheme, which some argue could add several billion dollars to operating costs as airlines are forced to purchase credits to offset their carbon dioxide production. European governments are generally in favor of charges to force airlines to reduce emissions. In contrast, the U.S., Japan, Canada and the developing world are looking for other approaches.

The article discusses the need for effective dispute settlement process for air transport. Topics include the European Commission's emissions trading system (ETS); an anti-Gulf carrier campaign launched by European and U.S. airlines claiming airlines such as Emirates as government-subsidized; shortcomings of the International Civil Aviation Organization; and open-skies agreement signed between the U.S. and Qatar.

The article reports on the price of carbon dioxide allowances (EUAs) under the European Union (EU) Emissions Trading System (ETS) for April 2014, noting a rebound after falling to a nine-month low in late March. It believes that speculators quit long positions taken ahead of the European Commission's backloading measure which started mid-March. It talks about the backloading law and the application of EU ETS to intra-European flights, and presents a chart on daily emissions price assessments.

The article reports on the decline in the price of carbon dioxide allowances (EUA) under the European Union's Emissions Trading System in March 2014, and mentions the factors contributed to this decline and its implications for the market.

The article reports on a 14-month increase in the price of carbon dioxide allowances (EUAs) under the European Union's Emissions Trading System in February 2014 as the European Commission's short-term market intervention proposal became law. It mentions the price of EUAs for delivery in December 2014 and the reasons behind the price decline on February 25, 2014 that marked the end of the 14-month increase.

The article reports on a four-month high in the price of carbon dioxide allowances (EUAs) in the European Union (EU) Emissions Trading System (ETS) in January 2014 as a European Commission (EC) proposal of reforms to the system is worked out.

The article discusses the prices of European Union carbon dioxide allowances (EUAs) under the European Union Emissions Trading System during December 2013. Topics include supply and demand and a planned backloading initiative that may delay some EUAs from auction in an attempt to boost market prices.

The article discusses proposed legislation to admit the European aviation industry into the European Union's Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) for the regulation of carbon emissions. Topics include the proposal by the European Commission (EC) for the regulation of emissions in the airline industry; the views of representatives from France, Germany, and Great Britain; and regulation of airports and airspace in the European Economic Area (EEA).

The article offers information on the three-month price decline of European Union carbon-dioxide allowances (EUAs) under the EU Emissions Trading System in November 2013 following European Investment Bank's (EIB) sale of surplus permits. Topics discussed include the approval of European Commission (EC) plan to backload or delay 900 million EUAs from auctions, New Entrants' Reserve (NER) 300 program, and an extra supply emergence.

The article reports on the prices of European Union (EU) carbon dioxide allowances (EUA) under the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) in October 2013. It highlights the price volatility caused by positioning by market participants before the coming sales by the European Investment Bank. It says that speculation on the regulator's intervention in the market has proved unfounded.

The article discusses the significance of the September 22, 2013 German election results to the price of European Union carbon dioxide allowances (EUA) under the EU Emissions Trading System. According to the article, the result means that Chancellor Angela Merkel must find a new partner to form a coalition government. Before the election, Merkel hinted that the carbon price has been too low to promote a shift from coal-fired power to gas-fired generation.

The article discusses emissions trading issues that may be addressed during the September 2013 meeting of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) in Montreal, Quebec. According to the article, a solution is being developed that would task ICAO to create a method for monitoring carbon emissions from the aviation industry and decide its details by 2016. The article notes that until a global system is implemented in 2020, Europe would restrict emissions trading to its own airspace.

The article reports on the performance of European Union carbon dioxide allowance (EUA) market trading as of September 2, 2013. It is stated that EUA prices under the EU Emissions Trading System was increased moderately in August 2013 with low volume trading. The small gains in August 2013 shows the increased bidding interest in primary auctions. The European Commission (EC) had proposed to backload up to 900 million EUA from auctions in 2013 to 2015.

The article reports on the fluctuation of European Union (EU) carbon dioxide allowance (EUA) prices under the EU Emissions Trading System, which have been volatile in July 2013 as the market responded to the vote of the European Parliament supporting the regulatory measure to curb supply. It says that the proposal by the European Commission to backload 900 million EUAs from auctions from 2013 to 2015 requires support from the EU Council of ministers.

The article reports that European Union (EU) carbon dioxide allowance (EUA) prices under the EU Emissions Trading System were slightly higher in June 2013 as investors expect the European Parliament to approve a plan to reduce the amount of EUAs offered at auctions.

The article considers a proposal by the airline industry trade association International Air Transport Association (IATA) to create a unified carbon-dioxide emissions offsetting program for international airline operations by 2020. The proposal is considered as an alternative to the total implementation of the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU-ETS) on foreign airline industry companies' operations.

The article reports that the price of carbon dioxide allowances (EUAs) under the European Union (EU) emissions trading system increased in May 2013 after comments by Chancellor Angela Merkel of Germany that Germany may support a plan to delay 2013-2014 auctions of EUAs.

The article examines the Emissions Trading System (ETS) of the European Union (EU) and its impact on the airline and aircraft industry. Complaints by both industries that the ETS's requirement that airlines and business airplanes must account for their carbon dioxide emissions in airspace outside EU countries are considered. Complaints by the aircraft industry and operators of business airplanes that ETS gives airlines more favorable treatment are discussed.

The article discusses the status of the aviation relations between the European Union and Russia as of April 2013, focusing on a reportedly long-running feud between the two over Siberian overflight charges for European air carriers. Russia's plan to implement additional rules on Passenger Name Record (PNR) data is addressed, along with the EU Emissions Trading System and a bilateral meeting between officials such as Russian Transport Minister Maxim Sokolov and the European Commission.

The discusses the outlook for EU (European Union) Allowances (EUAs) under the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS). The article mentions the price of EUAs rallied in March 2013 after support increased for the European Commission's (EC's) proposal to curb or backload the supply of EUAs. It also notes the countries in the European Parliament (EP) that support the EC's backloading proposal.

The article reports that the price of European Union Allowances (EUA) under the EU Emissions Trading System declined in the second half of February 2013 over concerns that the European Commission may not be able to delay EUA auctions in 2013-2015.

The article discusses a potential temporary exemption of non-European flights from the European Union's Emissions Trading System (ETS), focusing on requirements that apply to airline operations. Topics include the European Parliament, carbon dioxide emissions, and a February 15, 2013 deadline for airlines reporting their intention to take advantage of the exemption.

The article reports that the price of European Union carbon allowances (EUA) in the European Union (EU) Emissions trading system reached a record low for the December 2013 contract following a refusal of the European Parliament to alter the schedule of allowance auctions.

The article reports that European Union (EU) carbon dioxide allowances (EUA) set a new low in December 2012 before increasing in price at the end of the month in the EU emissions trading system.

The author argues that the aviation industry in Great Britain is overly constrained by regulations and taxation as of December, 2012. Topics include the impact of the British aviation industry on British trade and job creation, the European Union emissions trading system, air passenger duties, and the Airport Operators Association.

The article focuses on the European Commission's shelving of parts of the European Union's (EU) Emissions Trading System (ETS) for international flights outside the EU. It states over 20 nations convened in a coalition opposing ETS, claiming it was an extraterritorial tax. It mentions the EU suspended ETS until the next International Civil Aviation Organization general assembly late in 2013. It comments the European Regions Airline Association called for ETS to be suspended for all flights.

The article reports that the price of European Union (EU) carbon dioxide allowances declined in September 2012 in the EU emissions trading market. The decline is attributed to concern among investors that enough EU countries are opposed to a proposal by the European Commission to delay carbon auction volumes in 2013-2015 that the measure will be blocked.

The article reports that European Union emission allowance (EUA) prices increased in August in the EU Emissions Trading System due to increases in prices of power resources. It is also reported that the EU and Australia have reached an agreement linking their emissions trading systems allowing business enterprises to use both.

The article focuses on a drop in European Union (EU) emission allowance prices in July 2012. It states that the prices fell due to concerns that the European Commission wouldn't reveal information on proposals to withdraw future supply to keep prices up. It mentions that the U.S. Senate's Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee passed a bill on July 31 allowing the Transportation Department to block U.S. airlines from complying with the EU emissions trading system.

The article examines an effort by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) to develop a plan to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases by airline industry flights. The plan is discussed in terms of its impact on a European Union (EU) emissions trading system which requires airlines not based in EU countries to participate if they are to conduct operations within the EU.

The article reports that prices of European Union (EU) emissions allowances in the EU emissions trading system declined in May 2012 as part of an overall decline in financial assets due to concerns among investors over the European Sovereign Debt Crisis. It is also reported that two Chinese companies have proposed an emissions trading program for that country's airline industry which would allow it to be exempt from EU regulation.

The article reports that U.S. Representative Bill Shuster, a Republican from Pennsylvania who serves on the Armed Services and Transportation and Infrastructure committees, has criticized the administration of U.S. President Barack Obama for how it has imposed budget cuts in defense and failed to end the European Union's (EU) inclusion of U.S. airlines in the emissions-trading system (ETS). Shuster has also discussed the aircraft company Boeing, small businesses, and sequestration.

The article discusses a decline in European Union emission allowance (EUA) prices in March 2012 due to the unlikely expectation that a regulator will withdraw any of the supply from the market. The European Union (EU) parliament's environment and energy & industry committees have twice backed a proposal to set aside EUAs. The price of EUAs for December 2012 delivery under the EU emissions trading system (ETS) have reportedly dropped by nearly one-quarter since February 2012.