6 results on '"Oh, Goo Taeg"'
Search Results
2. Impaired TFEB activation and mitophagy as a cause of PPP3/calcineurin inhibitor-induced pancreatic β-cell dysfunction.
- Author
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Park, Kihyoun, Sonn, Seong Keun, Seo, Seungwoon, Kim, Jinyoung, Hur, Kyu Yeon, Oh, Goo Taeg, and Lee, Myung-Shik
- Subjects
INSULIN ,GLUCOSE intolerance ,TACROLIMUS ,GRAFT rejection ,ISLANDS of Langerhans ,IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE agents - Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy or mitophagy plays crucial roles in the maintenance of pancreatic β-cell function. PPP3/calcineurin can modulate the activity of TFEB, a master regulator of lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy gene expression, through dephosphorylation. We studied whether PPP3/calcineurin inhibitors can affect the mitophagy of pancreatic β-cells and pancreatic β-cell function employing FK506, an immunosuppressive drug against graft rejection. FK506 suppressed rotenone- or oligomycin+antimycin-A-induced mitophagy measured by Mito-Keima localization in acidic lysosomes or RFP-LC3 puncta colocalized with TOMM20 in INS-1 insulinoma cells. FK506 diminished nuclear translocation of TFEB after treatment with rotenone or oligomycin+antimycin A. Forced TFEB nuclear translocation by a constitutively active TFEB mutant transfection restored impaired mitophagy by FK506, suggesting the role of decreased TFEB nuclear translocation in FK506-mediated mitophagy impairment. Probably due to reduced mitophagy, recovery of mitochondrial potential or quenching of mitochondrial ROS after removal of rotenone or oligomycin+antimycin A was delayed by FK506. Mitochondrial oxygen consumption was reduced by FK506, indicating reduced mitochondrial function by FK506. Likely due to mitochondrial dysfunction, insulin release from INS-1 cells was reduced by FK506 in vitro. FK506 treatment also reduced insulin release and impaired glucose tolerance in vivo, which was associated with decreased mitophagy and mitochondrial COX activity in pancreatic islets. FK506-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and glucose intolerance were ameliorated by an autophagy enhancer activating TFEB. These results suggest that diminished mitophagy and consequent mitochondrial dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells contribute to FK506-induced β-cell dysfunction or glucose intolerance, and autophagy enhancement could be a therapeutic modality against post-transplantation diabetes mellitus caused by PPP3/calcineurin inhibitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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3. Ciliogenesis is reciprocally regulated by PPARA and NR1H4/FXR through controlling autophagy in vitro and in vivo
- Author
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Liu, Zhi-qiang, primary, Lee, Joon No, additional, Son, Myeongjoo, additional, Lim, Jae-Young, additional, Dutta, Raghbendra Kumar, additional, Maharjan, Yunash, additional, Kwak, SeongAe, additional, Oh, Goo Taeg, additional, Byun, Kyunghee, additional, Choe, Seong-Kyu, additional, and Park, Raekil, additional
- Published
- 2018
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4. Prdx1 (peroxiredoxin 1) deficiency reduces cholesterol efflux via impaired macrophage lipophagic flux
- Author
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Jeong, Se-Jin, primary, Kim, Sinai, additional, Park, Jong-Gil, additional, Jung, In-hyuk, additional, Lee, Mi-Ni, additional, Jeon, Sejin, additional, Kweon, Hyae Yon, additional, Yu, Dae-Yeul, additional, Lee, Sang-Hak, additional, Jang, Yangsoo, additional, Kang, Sang Won, additional, Han, Ki-Hwan, additional, Miller, Yury I., additional, Park, Young Mi, additional, Cheong, Cheolho, additional, Choi, Jae-Hoon, additional, and Oh, Goo Taeg, additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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5. Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)1
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Klionsky, Daniel J., Abdel-Aziz, Amal Kamal, Abdelfatah, Sara, Abdellatif, Mahmoud, Abdoli, Asghar, Abel, Steffen, Abeliovich, Hagai, Abildgaard, Marie H., Abudu, Yakubu Princely, Acevedo-Arozena, Abraham, Adamopoulos, Iannis E., Adeli, Khosrow, Adolph, Timon E., Adornetto, Annagrazia, Aflaki, Elma, Agam, Galila, Agarwal, Anupam, Aggarwal, Bharat B., Agnello, Maria, Agostinis, Patrizia, Agrewala, Javed N., Agrotis, Alexander, Aguilar, Patricia V., Ahmad, S. Tariq, Ahmed, Zubair M., Ahumada-Castro, Ulises, Aits, Sonja, Aizawa, Shu, Akkoc, Yunus, Akoumianaki, Tonia, Akpinar, Hafize Aysin, Al-Abd, Ahmed M., Al-Akra, Lina, Al-Gharaibeh, Abeer, Alaoui-Jamali, Moulay A., Alberti, Simon, Alcocer-Gómez, Elísabet, Alessandri, Cristiano, Ali, Muhammad, Alim Al-Bari, M. Abdul, Aliwaini, Saeb, Alizadeh, Javad, Almacellas, Eugènia, Almasan, Alexandru, Alonso, Alicia, Alonso, Guillermo D., Altan-Bonnet, Nihal, Altieri, Dario C., Álvarez, Élida M. C., Alves, Sara, Alves da Costa, Cristine, Alzaharna, Mazen M., Amadio, Marialaura, Amantini, Consuelo, Amaral, Cristina, Ambrosio, Susanna, Amer, Amal O., Ammanathan, Veena, An, Zhenyi, Andersen, Stig U., Andrabi, Shaida A., Andrade-Silva, Magaiver, Andres, Allen M., Angelini, Sabrina, Ann, David, Anozie, Uche C., Ansari, Mohammad Y., Antas, Pedro, Antebi, Adam, Antón, Zuriñe, Anwar, Tahira, Apetoh, Lionel, Apostolova, Nadezda, Araki, Toshiyuki, Araki, Yasuhiro, Arasaki, Kohei, Araújo, Wagner L., Araya, Jun, Arden, Catherine, Arévalo, Maria-Angeles, Arguelles, Sandro, Arias, Esperanza, Arikkath, Jyothi, Arimoto, Hirokazu, Ariosa, Aileen R., Armstrong-James, Darius, Arnauné-Pelloquin, Laetitia, Aroca, Angeles, Arroyo, Daniela S., Arsov, Ivica, Artero, Rubén, Asaro, Dalia Maria Lucia, Aschner, Michael, Ashrafizadeh, Milad, Ashur-Fabian, Osnat, Atanasov, Atanas G., Au, Alicia K., Auberger, Patrick, Auner, Holger W., Aurelian, Laure, Autelli, Riccardo, Avagliano, Laura, Ávalos, Yenniffer, Aveic, Sanja, Aveleira, Célia Alexandra, Avin-Wittenberg, Tamar, Aydin, Yucel, Ayton, Scott, Ayyadevara, Srinivas, Azzopardi, Maria, Baba, Misuzu, Backer, Jonathan M., Backues, Steven K., Bae, Dong-Hun, Bae, Ok-Nam, Bae, Soo Han, Baehrecke, Eric H., Baek, Ahruem, Baek, Seung-Hoon, Baek, Sung Hee, Bagetta, Giacinto, Bagniewska-Zadworna, Agnieszka, Bai, Hua, Bai, Jie, Bai, Xiyuan, Bai, Yidong, Bairagi, Nandadulal, Baksi, Shounak, Balbi, Teresa, Baldari, Cosima T., Balduini, Walter, Ballabio, Andrea, Ballester, Maria, Balazadeh, Salma, Balzan, Rena, Bandopadhyay, Rina, Banerjee, Sreeparna, Banerjee, Sulagna, Bánréti, Ágnes, Bao, Yan, Baptista, Mauricio S., Baracca, Alessandra, Barbati, Cristiana, Bargiela, Ariadna, Barilà, Daniela, Barlow, Peter G., Barmada, Sami J., Barreiro, Esther, Barreto, George E., Bartek, Jiri, Bartel, Bonnie, Bartolome, Alberto, Barve, Gaurav R., Basagoudanavar, Suresh H., Bassham, Diane C., Bast, Robert C., Basu, Alakananda, Batoko, Henri, Batten, Isabella, Baulieu, Etienne E., Baumgarner, Bradley L., Bayry, Jagadeesh, Beale, Rupert, Beau, Isabelle, Beaumatin, Florian, Bechara, Luiz R.G., Beck, George R., Beers, Michael F., Begun, Jakob, Behrends, Christian, Behrens, Georg M.N., Bei, Roberto, Bejarano, Eloy, Bel, Shai, Behl, Christian, Belaid, Amine, Belgareh-Touzé, Naïma, Bellarosa, Cristina, Belleudi, Francesca, Belló Pérez, Melissa, Bello-Morales, Raquel, Beltran, Jackeline Soares de Oliveira, Beltran, Sebastián, Benbrook, Doris Mangiaracina, Bendorius, Mykolas, Benitez, Bruno A., Benito-Cuesta, Irene, Bensalem, Julien, Berchtold, Martin W., Berezowska, Sabina, Bergamaschi, Daniele, Bergami, Matteo, Bergmann, Andreas, Berliocchi, Laura, Berlioz-Torrent, Clarisse, Bernard, Amélie, Berthoux, Lionel, Besirli, Cagri G., Besteiro, Sebastien, Betin, Virginie M., Beyaert, Rudi, Bezbradica, Jelena S., Bhaskar, Kiran, Bhatia-Kissova, Ingrid, Bhattacharya, Resham, Bhattacharya, Sujoy, Bhattacharyya, Shalmoli, Bhuiyan, Md. Shenuarin, Bhutia, Sujit Kumar, Bi, Lanrong, Bi, Xiaolin, Biden, Trevor J., Bijian, Krikor, Billes, Viktor A., Binart, Nadine, Bincoletto, Claudia, Birgisdottir, Asa B., Bjorkoy, Geir, Blanco, Gonzalo, Blas-Garcia, Ana, Blasiak, Janusz, Blomgran, Robert, Blomgren, Klas, Blum, Janice S., Boada-Romero, Emilio, Boban, Mirta, Boesze-Battaglia, Kathleen, Boeuf, Philippe, Boland, Barry, Bomont, Pascale, Bonaldo, Paolo, Bonam, Srinivasa Reddy, Bonfili, Laura, Bonifacino, Juan S., Boone, Brian A., Bootman, Martin D., Bordi, Matteo, Borner, Christoph, Bornhauser, Beat C., Borthakur, Gautam, Bosch, Jürgen, Bose, Santanu, Botana, Luis M., Botas, Juan, Boulanger, Chantal M., Boulton, Michael E., Bourdenx, Mathieu, Bourgeois, Benjamin, Bourke, Nollaig M., Bousquet, Guilhem, Boya, Patricia, Bozhkov, Peter V., Bozi, Luiz H. M., Bozkurt, Tolga O., Brackney, Doug E., Brandts, Christian H., Braun, Ralf J., Braus, Gerhard H., Bravo-Sagua, Roberto, Bravo-San Pedro, José M., Brest, Patrick, Bringer, Marie-Agnès, Briones-Herrera, Alfredo, Broaddus, V. Courtney, Brodersen, Peter, Brodsky, Jeffrey L., Brody, Steven L., Bronson, Paola G., Bronstein, Jeff M., Brown, Carolyn N., Brown, Rhoderick E., Brum, Patricia C., Brumell, John H., Brunetti-Pierri, Nicola, Bruno, Daniele, Bryson-Richardson, Robert J., Bucci, Cecilia, Buchrieser, Carmen, Bueno, Marta, Buitrago-Molina, Laura Elisa, Buraschi, Simone, Buch, Shilpa, Buchan, J. Ross, Buckingham, Erin M., Budak, Hikmet, Budini, Mauricio, Bultynck, Geert, Burada, Florin, Burgoyne, Joseph R., Burón, M. Isabel, Bustos, Victor, Büttner, Sabrina, Butturini, Elena, Byrd, Aaron, Cabas, Isabel, Cabrera-Benitez, Sandra, Cadwell, Ken, Cai, Jingjing, Cai, Lu, Cai, Qian, Cairó, Montserrat, Calbet, Jose A., Caldwell, Guy A., Caldwell, Kim A., Call, Jarrod A., Calvani, Riccardo, Calvo, Ana C., Calvo-Rubio Barrera, Miguel, Camara, Niels OS, Camonis, Jacques H., Camougrand, Nadine, Campanella, Michelangelo, Campbell, Edward M., Campbell-Valois, François-Xavier, Campello, Silvia, Campesi, Ilaria, Campos, Juliane C., Camuzard, Olivier, Cancino, Jorge, Candido de Almeida, Danilo, Canesi, Laura, Caniggia, Isabella, Canonico, Barbara, Cantí, Carles, Cao, Bin, Caraglia, Michele, Caramés, Beatriz, Carchman, Evie H., Cardenal-Muñoz, Elena, Cardenas, Cesar, Cardenas, Luis, Cardoso, Sandra M., Carew, Jennifer S., Carle, Georges F., Carleton, Gillian, Carloni, Silvia, Carmona-Gutierrez, Didac, Carneiro, Leticia A., Carnevali, Oliana, Carosi, Julian M., Carra, Serena, Carrier, Alice, Carrier, Lucie, Carroll, Bernadette, Carter, A. Brent, Carvalho, Andreia Neves, Casanova, Magali, Casas, Caty, Casas, Josefina, Cassioli, Chiara, Castillo, Eliseo F., Castillo, Karen, Castillo-Lluva, Sonia, Castoldi, Francesca, Castori, Marco, Castro, Ariel F., Castro-Caldas, Margarida, Castro-Hernandez, Javier, Castro-Obregon, Susana, Catz, Sergio D., Cavadas, Claudia, Cavaliere, Federica, Cavallini, Gabriella, Cavinato, Maria, Cayuela, Maria L., Cebollada Rica, Paula, Cecarini, Valentina, Cecconi, Francesco, Cechowska-Pasko, Marzanna, Cenci, Simone, Ceperuelo-Mallafré, Victòria, Cerqueira, João J., Cerutti, Janete M., Cervia, Davide, Cetintas, Vildan Bozok, Cetrullo, Silvia, Chae, Han-Jung, Chagin, Andrei S., Chai, Chee-Yin, Chakrabarti, Gopal, Chakrabarti, Oishee, Chakraborty, Tapas, Chakraborty, Trinad, Chami, Mounia, Chamilos, Georgios, Chan, David W., Chan, Edmond Y. W., Chan, Edward D., Chan, H.Y. Edwin, Chan, Helen H., Chan, Hung, Chan, Matthew T.V., Chan, Yau Sang, Chandra, Partha K., Chang, Chih-Peng, Chang, Chunmei, Chang, Hao-Chun, Chang, Kai, Chao, Jie, Chapman, Tracey, Charlet-Berguerand, Nicolas, Chatterjee, Samrat, Chaube, Shail K., Chaudhary, Anu, Chauhan, Santosh, Chaum, Edward, Checler, Frédéric, Cheetham, Michael E., Chen, Chang-Shi, Chen, Guang-Chao, Chen, Jian-Fu, Chen, Liam L., Chen, Leilei, Chen, Lin, Chen, Mingliang, Chen, Mu-Kuan, Chen, Ning, Chen, Quan, Chen, Ruey-Hwa, Chen, Shi, Chen, Wei, Chen, Weiqiang, Chen, Xin-Ming, Chen, Xiong-Wen, Chen, Xu, Chen, Yan, Chen, Ye-Guang, Chen, Yingyu, Chen, Yongqiang, Chen, Yu-Jen, Chen, Yue-Qin, Chen, Zhefan Stephen, Chen, Zhi, Chen, Zhi-Hua, Chen, Zhijian J., Chen, Zhixiang, Cheng, Hanhua, Cheng, Jun, Cheng, Shi-Yuan, Cheng, Wei, Cheng, Xiaodong, Cheng, Xiu-Tang, Cheng, Yiyun, Cheng, Zhiyong, Chen, Zhong, Cheong, Heesun, Cheong, Jit Kong, Chernyak, Boris V., Cherry, Sara, Cheung, Chi Fai Randy, Cheung, Chun Hei Antonio, Cheung, King-Ho, Chevet, Eric, Chi, Richard J., Chiang, Alan Kwok Shing, Chiaradonna, Ferdinando, Chiarelli, Roberto, Chiariello, Mario, Chica, Nathalia, Chiocca, Susanna, Chiong, Mario, Chiou, Shih-Hwa, Chiramel, Abhilash I., Chiurchiù, Valerio, Cho, Dong-Hyung, Choe, Seong-Kyu, Choi, Augustine M.K., Choi, Mary E., Choudhury, Kamalika Roy, Chow, Norman S., Chu, Charleen T., Chua, Jason P., Chua, John Jia En, Chung, Hyewon, Chung, Kin Pan, Chung, Seockhoon, Chung, So-Hyang, Chung, Yuen-Li, Cianfanelli, Valentina, Ciechomska, Iwona A., Cifuentes, Mariana, Cinque, Laura, Cirak, Sebahattin, Cirone, Mara, Clague, Michael J., Clarke, Robert, Clementi, Emilio, Coccia, Eliana M., Codogno, Patrice, Cohen, Ehud, Cohen, Mickael M., Colasanti, Tania, Colasuonno, Fiorella, Colbert, Robert A., Colell, Anna, Čolić, Miodrag, Coll, Nuria S., Collins, Mark O., Colombo, María I., Colón-Ramos, Daniel A., Combaret, Lydie, Comincini, Sergio, Cominetti, Márcia R., Consiglio, Antonella, Conte, Andrea, Conti, Fabrizio, Contu, Viorica Raluca, Cookson, Mark R., Coombs, Kevin M., Coppens, Isabelle, Corasaniti, Maria Tiziana, Corkery, Dale P., Cordes, Nils, Cortese, Katia, Costa, Maria do Carmo, Costantino, Sarah, Costelli, Paola, Coto-Montes, Ana, Crack, Peter J., Crespo, Jose L., Criollo, Alfredo, Crippa, Valeria, Cristofani, Riccardo, Csizmadia, Tamas, Cuadrado, Antonio, Cui, Bing, Cui, Jun, Cui, Yixian, Cui, Yong, Culetto, Emmanuel, Cumino, Andrea C., Cybulsky, Andrey V., Czaja, Mark J., Czuczwar, Stanislaw J., D’Adamo, Stefania, D’Amelio, Marcello, D’Arcangelo, Daniela, D’Lugos, Andrew C., D’Orazi, Gabriella, da Silva, James A., Dafsari, Hormos Salimi, Dagda, Ruben K., Dagdas, Yasin, Daglia, Maria, Dai, Xiaoxia, Dai, Yun, Dai, Yuyuan, Dal Col, Jessica, Dalhaimer, Paul, Dalla Valle, Luisa, Dallenga, Tobias, Dalmasso, Guillaume, Damme, Markus, Dando, Ilaria, Dantuma, Nico P., Darling, April L., Das, Hiranmoy, Dasarathy, Srinivasan, Dasari, Santosh K., Dash, Srikanta, Daumke, Oliver, Dauphinee, Adrian N., Davies, Jeffrey S., Dávila, Valeria A., Davis, Roger J., Davis, Tanja, Dayalan Naidu, Sharadha, De Amicis, Francesca, De Bosscher, Karolien, De Felice, Francesca, De Franceschi, Lucia, De Leonibus, Chiara, de Mattos Barbosa, Mayara G., De Meyer, Guido R.Y., De Milito, Angelo, De Nunzio, Cosimo, De Palma, Clara, De Santi, Mauro, De Virgilio, Claudio, De Zio, Daniela, Debnath, Jayanta, DeBosch, Brian J., Decuypere, Jean-Paul, Deehan, Mark A., Deflorian, Gianluca, DeGregori, James, Dehay, Benjamin, Del Rio, Gabriel, Delaney, Joe R., Delbridge, Lea M. D., Delorme-Axford, Elizabeth, Delpino, M. Victoria, Demarchi, Francesca, Dembitz, Vilma, Demers, Nicholas D., Deng, Hongbin, Deng, Zhiqiang, Dengjel, Joern, Dent, Paul, Denton, Donna, DePamphilis, Melvin L., Der, Channing J., Deretic, Vojo, Descoteaux, Albert, Devis, Laura, Devkota, Sushil, Devuyst, Olivier, Dewson, Grant, Dharmasivam, Mahendiran, Dhiman, Rohan, di Bernardo, Diego, Di Cristina, Manlio, Di Domenico, Fabio, Di Fazio, Pietro, Di Fonzo, Alessio, Di Guardo, Giovanni, Di Guglielmo, Gianni M., Di Leo, Luca, Di Malta, Chiara, Di Nardo, Alessia, Di Rienzo, Martina, Di Sano, Federica, Diallinas, George, Diao, Jiajie, Diaz-Araya, Guillermo, Díaz-Laviada, Inés, Dickinson, Jared M., Diederich, Marc, Dieudé, Mélanie, Dikic, Ivan, Ding, Shiping, Ding, Wen-Xing, Dini, Luciana, Dinić, Jelena, Dinic, Miroslav, Dinkova-Kostova, Albena T., Dionne, Marc S., Distler, Jörg H.W., Diwan, Abhinav, Dixon, Ian M.C., Djavaheri-Mergny, Mojgan, Dobrinski, Ina, Dobrovinskaya, Oxana, Dobrowolski, Radek, Dobson, Renwick C.J., Đokić, Jelena, Dokmeci Emre, Serap, Donadelli, Massimo, Dong, Bo, Dong, Xiaonan, Dong, Zhiwu, 2nd Dorn, Gerald W., Dotsch, Volker, Dou, Huan, Dou, Juan, Dowaidar, Moataz, Dridi, Sami, Drucker, Liat, Du, Ailian, Du, Caigan, Du, Guangwei, Du, Hai-Ning, Du, Li-Lin, du Toit, André, Duan, Shao-Bin, Duan, Xiaoqiong, Duarte, Sónia P., Dubrovska, Anna, Dunlop, Elaine A., Dupont, Nicolas, Durán, Raúl V., Dwarakanath, Bilikere S., Dyshlovoy, Sergey A., Ebrahimi-Fakhari, Darius, Eckhart, Leopold, Edelstein, Charles L., Efferth, Thomas, Eftekharpour, Eftekhar, Eichinger, Ludwig, Eid, Nabil, Eisenberg, Tobias, Eissa, N. Tony, Eissa, Sanaa, Ejarque, Miriam, El Andaloussi, Abdeljabar, El-Hage, Nazira, El-Naggar, Shahenda, Eleuteri, Anna Maria, El-Shafey, Eman S., Elgendy, Mohamed, Eliopoulos, Aristides G., Elizalde, María M., Elks, Philip M., Elsasser, Hans-Peter, Elsherbiny, Eslam S., Emerling, Brooke M., Emre, N. C. Tolga, Eng, Christina H., Engedal, Nikolai, Engelbrecht, Anna-Mart, Engelsen, Agnete S.T., Enserink, Jorrit M., Escalante, Ricardo, Esclatine, Audrey, Escobar-Henriques, Mafalda, Eskelinen, Eeva-Liisa, Espert, Lucile, Eusebio, Makandjou-Ola, Fabrias, Gemma, Fabrizi, Cinzia, Facchiano, Antonio, Facchiano, Francesco, Fadeel, Bengt, Fader, Claudio, Faesen, Alex C., Fairlie, W. Douglas, Falcó, Alberto, Falkenburger, Bjorn H., Fan, Daping, Fan, Jie, Fan, Yanbo, Fang, Evandro F., Fang, Yanshan, Fang, Yognqi, Fanto, Manolis, Farfel-Becker, Tamar, Faure, Mathias, Fazeli, Gholamreza, Fedele, Anthony O., Feldman, Arthur M., Feng, Du, Feng, Jiachun, Feng, Lifeng, Feng, Yibin, Feng, Yuchen, Feng, Wei, Fenz Araujo, Thais, Ferguson, Thomas A., Fernández, Álvaro F., Fernandez-Checa, Jose C., Fernández-Veledo, Sonia, Fernie, Alisdair R., Ferrante, Anthony W., Ferraresi, Alessandra, Ferrari, Merari F., Ferreira, Julio C.B., Ferro-Novick, Susan, Figueras, Antonio, Filadi, Riccardo, Filigheddu, Nicoletta, Filippi-Chiela, Eduardo, Filomeni, Giuseppe, Fimia, Gian Maria, Fineschi, Vittorio, Finetti, Francesca, Finkbeiner, Steven, Fisher, Edward A., Fisher, Paul B., Flamigni, Flavio, Fliesler, Steven J., Flo, Trude H., Florance, Ida, Florey, Oliver, Florio, Tullio, Fodor, Erika, Follo, Carlo, Fon, Edward A., Forlino, Antonella, Fornai, Francesco, Fortini, Paola, Fracassi, Anna, Fraldi, Alessandro, Franco, Brunella, Franco, Rodrigo, Franconi, Flavia, Frankel, Lisa B., Friedman, Scott L., Fröhlich, Leopold F., Frühbeck, Gema, Fuentes, Jose M., Fujiki, Yukio, Fujita, Naonobu, Fujiwara, Yuuki, Fukuda, Mitsunori, Fulda, Simone, Furic, Luc, Furuya, Norihiko, Fusco, Carmela, Gack, Michaela U., Gaffke, Lidia, Galadari, Sehamuddin, Galasso, Alessia, Galindo, Maria F., Gallolu Kankanamalage, Sachith, Galluzzi, Lorenzo, Galy, Vincent, Gammoh, Noor, Gan, Boyi, Ganley, Ian G., Gao, Feng, Gao, Hui, Gao, Minghui, Gao, Ping, Gao, Shou-Jiang, Gao, Wentao, Gao, Xiaobo, Garcera, Ana, Garcia, Maria Noé, Garcia, Verónica E., García-Del Portillo, Francisco, Garcia-Escudero, Vega, Garcia-Garcia, Aracely, Garcia-Macia, Marina, García-Moreno, Diana, Garcia-Ruiz, Carmen, García-Sanz, Patricia, Garg, Abhishek D., Gargini, Ricardo, Garofalo, Tina, Garry, Robert F., Gassen, Nils C., Gatica, Damian, Ge, Liang, Ge, Wanzhong, Geiss-Friedlander, Ruth, Gelfi, Cecilia, Genschik, Pascal, Gentle, Ian E., Gerbino, Valeria, Gerhardt, Christoph, Germain, Kyla, Germain, Marc, Gewirtz, David A., Ghasemipour Afshar, Elham, Ghavami, Saeid, Ghigo, Alessandra, Ghosh, Manosij, Giamas, Georgios, Giampietri, Claudia, Giatromanolaki, Alexandra, Gibson, Gary E., Gibson, Spencer B., Ginet, Vanessa, Giniger, Edward, Giorgi, Carlotta, Girao, Henrique, Girardin, Stephen E., Giridharan, Mridhula, Giuliano, Sandy, Giulivi, Cecilia, Giuriato, Sylvie, Giustiniani, Julien, Gluschko, Alexander, Goder, Veit, Goginashvili, Alexander, Golab, Jakub, Goldstone, David C., Golebiewska, Anna, Gomes, Luciana R., Gomez, Rodrigo, Gómez-Sánchez, Rubén, Gomez-Puerto, Maria Catalina, Gomez-Sintes, Raquel, Gong, Qingqiu, Goni, Felix M., González-Gallego, Javier, Gonzalez-Hernandez, Tomas, Gonzalez-Polo, Rosa A., Gonzalez-Reyes, Jose A., González-Rodríguez, Patricia, Goping, Ing Swie, Gorbatyuk, Marina S., Gorbunov, Nikolai V., Görgülü, Kıvanç, Gorojod, Roxana M., Gorski, Sharon M., Goruppi, Sandro, Gotor, Cecilia, Gottlieb, Roberta A., Gozes, Illana, Gozuacik, Devrim, Graef, Martin, Gräler, Markus H., Granatiero, Veronica, Grasso, Daniel, Gray, Joshua P., Green, Douglas R., Greenhough, Alexander, Gregory, Stephen L., Griffin, Edward F., Grinstaff, Mark W., Gros, Frederic, Grose, Charles, Gross, Angelina S., Gruber, Florian, Grumati, Paolo, Grune, Tilman, Gu, Xueyan, Guan, Jun-Lin, Guardia, Carlos M., Guda, Kishore, Guerra, Flora, Guerri, Consuelo, Guha, Prasun, Guillén, Carlos, Gujar, Shashi, Gukovskaya, Anna, Gukovsky, Ilya, Gunst, Jan, Günther, Andreas, Guntur, Anyonya R., Guo, Chuanyong, Guo, Chun, Guo, Hongqing, Guo, Lian-Wang, Guo, Ming, Gupta, Pawan, Gupta, Shashi Kumar, Gupta, Swapnil, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek, Gustafsson, Asa B., Gutterman, David D., H.B., Ranjitha, Haapasalo, Annakaisa, Haber, James E., Hać, Aleksandra, Hadano, Shinji, Hafrén, Anders J., Haidar, Mansour, Hall, Belinda S., Halldén, Gunnel, Hamacher-Brady, Anne, Hamann, Andrea, Hamasaki, Maho, Han, Weidong, Hansen, Malene, Hanson, Phyllis I., Hao, Zijian, Harada, Masaru, Harhaji-Trajkovic, Ljubica, Hariharan, Nirmala, Haroon, Nigil, Harris, James, Hasegawa, Takafumi, Hasima Nagoor, Noor, Haspel, Jeffrey A., Haucke, Volker, Hawkins, Wayne D., Hay, Bruce A., Haynes, Cole M., Hayrabedyan, Soren B., Hays, Thomas S., He, Congcong, He, Qin, He, Rong-Rong, He, You-Wen, He, Yu-Ying, Heakal, Yasser, Heberle, Alexander M., Hejtmancik, J. Fielding, Helgason, Gudmundur Vignir, Henkel, Vanessa, Herb, Marc, Hergovich, Alexander, Herman-Antosiewicz, Anna, Hernández, Agustín, Hernandez, Carlos, Hernandez-Diaz, Sergio, Hernandez-Gea, Virginia, Herpin, Amaury, Herreros, Judit, Hervás, Javier H., Hesselson, Daniel, Hetz, Claudio, Heussler, Volker T., Higuchi, Yujiro, Hilfiker, Sabine, Hill, Joseph A., Hlavacek, William S., Ho, Emmanuel A., Ho, Idy H.T., Ho, Philip Wing-Lok, Ho, Shu-Leong, Ho, Wan Yun, Hobbs, G. 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Razaul, Karmakar, Parimal, Katare, Rajesh G., Kato, Masaru, Kaufmann, Stefan H.E., Kauppinen, Anu, Kaushal, Gur P., Kaushik, Susmita, Kawasaki, Kiyoshi, Kazan, Kemal, Ke, Po-Yuan, Keating, Damien J., Keber, Ursula, Kehrl, John H., Keller, Kate E., Keller, Christian W., Kemper, Jongsook Kim, Kenific, Candia M., Kepp, Oliver, Kermorgant, Stephanie, Kern, Andreas, Ketteler, Robin, Keulers, Tom G., Khalfin, Boris, Khalil, Hany, Khambu, Bilon, Khan, Shahid Y., Khandelwal, Vinoth Kumar Megraj, Khandia, Rekha, Kho, Widuri, Khobrekar, Noopur V., Khuansuwan, Sataree, Khundadze, Mukhran, Killackey, Samuel A., Kim, Dasol, Kim, Deok Ryong, Kim, Do-Hyung, Kim, Dong-Eun, Kim, Eun Young, Kim, Eun-Kyoung, Kim, Hak-Rim, Kim, Hee-Sik, Kim, Hyung-Ryong, Kim, Jeong Hun, Kim, Jin Kyung, Kim, Jin-Hoi, Kim, Joungmok, Kim, Ju Hwan, Kim, Keun Il, Kim, Peter K., Kim, Seong-Jun, Kimball, Scot R., Kimchi, Adi, Kimmelman, Alec C., Kimura, Tomonori, King, Matthew A., Kinghorn, Kerri J., Kinsey, Conan G., Kirkin, Vladimir, Kirshenbaum, Lorrie A., Kiselev, Sergey L., Kishi, Shuji, Kitamoto, Katsuhiko, Kitaoka, Yasushi, Kitazato, Kaio, Kitsis, Richard N., Kittler, Josef T., Kjaerulff, Ole, Klein, Peter S., Klopstock, Thomas, Klucken, Jochen, Knævelsrud, Helene, Knorr, Roland L., Ko, Ben C.B., Ko, Fred, Ko, Jiunn-Liang, Kobayashi, Hotaka, Kobayashi, Satoru, Koch, Ina, Koch, Jan C., Koenig, Ulrich, Kögel, Donat, Koh, Young Ho, Koike, Masato, Kohlwein, Sepp D., Kocaturk, Nur M., Komatsu, Masaaki, König, Jeannette, Kono, Toru, Kopp, Benjamin T., Korcsmaros, Tamas, Korkmaz, Gözde, Korolchuk, Viktor I., Korsnes, Mónica Suárez, Koskela, Ali, Kota, Janaiah, Kotake, Yaichiro, Kotler, Monica L., Kou, Yanjun, Koukourakis, Michael I., Koustas, Evangelos, Kovacs, Attila L., Kovács, Tibor, Koya, Daisuke, Kozako, Tomohiro, Kraft, Claudine, Krainc, Dimitri, Krämer, Helmut, Krasnodembskaya, Anna D., Kretz-Remy, Carole, Kroemer, Guido, Ktistakis, Nicholas T., Kuchitsu, Kazuyuki, Kuenen, Sabine, Kuerschner, Lars, Kukar, Thomas, Kumar, Ajay, Kumar, Ashok, Kumar, Deepak, Kumar, Dhiraj, Kumar, Sharad, Kume, Shinji, Kumsta, Caroline, Kundu, Chanakya N., Kundu, Mondira, Kunnumakkara, Ajaikumar B., Kurgan, Lukasz, Kutateladze, Tatiana G., Kutlu, Ozlem, Kwak, SeongAe, Kwon, Ho Jeong, Kwon, Taeg Kyu, Kwon, Yong Tae, Kyrmizi, Irene, La Spada, Albert, Labonté, Patrick, Ladoire, Sylvain, Laface, Ilaria, Lafont, Frank, Lagace, Diane C., Lahiri, Vikramjit, Lai, Zhibing, Laird, Angela S., Lakkaraju, Aparna, Lamark, Trond, Lan, Sheng-Hui, Landajuela, Ane, Lane, Darius J. R., Lane, Jon D., Lang, Charles H., Lange, Carsten, Langel, Ülo, Langer, Rupert, Lapaquette, Pierre, Laporte, Jocelyn, LaRusso, Nicholas F., Lastres-Becker, Isabel, Lau, Wilson Chun Yu, Laurie, Gordon W., Lavandero, Sergio, Law, Betty Yuen Kwan, Law, Helen Ka-wai, Layfield, Rob, Le, Weidong, Le Stunff, Herve, Leary, Alexandre Y., Lebrun, Jean-Jacques, Leck, Lionel Y.W., Leduc-Gaudet, Jean-Philippe, Lee, Changwook, Lee, Chung-Pei, Lee, Da-Hye, Lee, Edward B., Lee, Erinna F., Lee, Gyun Min, Lee, He-Jin, Lee, Heung Kyu, Lee, Jae Man, Lee, Jason S., Lee, Jin-A, Lee, Joo-Yong, Lee, Jun Hee, Lee, Michael, Lee, Min Goo, Lee, Min Jae, Lee, Myung-Shik, Lee, Sang Yoon, Lee, Seung-Jae, Lee, Stella Y., Lee, Sung Bae, Lee, Won Hee, Lee, Ying-Ray, Lee, Yong-ho, Lee, Youngil, Lefebvre, Christophe, Legouis, Renaud, Lei, Yu L., Lei, Yuchen, Leikin, Sergey, Leitinger, Gerd, Lemus, Leticia, Leng, Shuilong, Lenoir, Olivia, Lenz, Guido, Lenz, Heinz Josef, Lenzi, Paola, León, Yolanda, Leopoldino, Andréia M., Leschczyk, Christoph, Leskelä, Stina, Letellier, Elisabeth, Leung, Chi-Ting, Leung, Po Sing, Leventhal, Jeremy S., Levine, Beth, Lewis, Patrick A., Ley, Klaus, Li, Bin, Li, Da-Qiang, Li, Jianming, Li, Jing, Li, Jiong, Li, Ke, Li, Liwu, Li, Mei, Li, Min, Li, Min, Li, Ming, Li, Mingchuan, Li, Pin-Lan, Li, Ming-Qing, Li, Qing, Li, Sheng, Li, Tiangang, Li, Wei, Li, Wenming, Li, Xue, Li, Yi-Ping, Li, Yuan, Li, Zhiqiang, Li, Zhiyong, Li, Zhiyuan, Lian, Jiqin, Liang, Chengyu, Liang, Qiangrong, Liang, Weicheng, Liang, Yongheng, Liang, YongTian, Liao, Guanghong, Liao, Lujian, Liao, Mingzhi, Liao, Yung-Feng, Librizzi, Mariangela, Lie, Pearl P. Y., Lilly, Mary A., Lim, Hyunjung J., Lima, Thania R.R., Limana, Federica, Lin, Chao, Lin, Chih-Wen, Lin, Dar-Shong, Lin, Fu-Cheng, Lin, Jiandie D., Lin, Kurt M., Lin, Kwang-Huei, Lin, Liang-Tzung, Lin, Pei-Hui, Lin, Qiong, Lin, Shaofeng, Lin, Su-Ju, Lin, Wenyu, Lin, Xueying, Lin, Yao-Xin, Lin, Yee-Shin, Linden, Rafael, Lindner, Paula, Ling, Shuo-Chien, Lingor, Paul, Linnemann, Amelia K., Liou, Yih-Cherng, Lipinski, Marta M., Lipovšek, Saška, Lira, Vitor A., Lisiak, Natalia, Liton, Paloma B., Liu, Chao, Liu, Ching-Hsuan, Liu, Chun-Feng, Liu, Cui Hua, Liu, Fang, Liu, Hao, Liu, Hsiao-Sheng, Liu, Hua-feng, Liu, Huifang, Liu, Jia, Liu, Jing, Liu, Julia, Liu, Leyuan, Liu, Longhua, Liu, Meilian, Liu, Qin, Liu, Wei, Liu, Wende, Liu, Xiao-Hong, Liu, Xiaodong, Liu, Xingguo, Liu, Xu, Liu, Xuedong, Liu, Yanfen, Liu, Yang, Liu, Yang, Liu, Yueyang, Liu, Yule, Livingston, J. Andrew, Lizard, Gerard, Lizcano, Jose M., Ljubojevic-Holzer, Senka, LLeonart, Matilde E., Llobet-Navàs, David, Llorente, Alicia, Lo, Chih Hung, Lobato-Márquez, Damián, Long, Qi, Long, Yun Chau, Loos, Ben, Loos, Julia A., López, Manuela G., López-Doménech, Guillermo, López-Guerrero, José Antonio, López-Jiménez, Ana T., López-Pérez, Óscar, López-Valero, Israel, Lorenowicz, Magdalena J., Lorente, Mar, Lorincz, Peter, Lossi, Laura, Lotersztajn, Sophie, Lovat, Penny E., Lovell, Jonathan F., Lovy, Alenka, Lőw, Péter, Lu, Guang, Lu, Haocheng, Lu, Jia-Hong, Lu, Jin-Jian, Lu, Mengji, Lu, Shuyan, Luciani, Alessandro, Lucocq, John M., Ludovico, Paula, Luftig, Micah A., Luhr, Morten, Luis-Ravelo, Diego, Lum, Julian J., Luna-Dulcey, Liany, Lund, Anders H., Lund, Viktor K., Lünemann, Jan D., Lüningschrör, Patrick, Luo, Honglin, Luo, Rongcan, Luo, Shouqing, Luo, Zhi, Luparello, Claudio, Lüscher, Bernhard, Luu, Luan, Lyakhovich, Alex, Lyamzaev, Konstantin G., Lystad, Alf Håkon, Lytvynchuk, Lyubomyr, Ma, Alvin C., Ma, Changle, Ma, Mengxiao, Ma, Ning-Fang, Ma, Quan-Hong, Ma, Xinliang, Ma, Yueyun, Ma, Zhenyi, MacDougald, Ormond A., Macian, Fernando, MacIntosh, Gustavo C., MacKeigan, Jeffrey P., Macleod, Kay F., Maday, Sandra, Madeo, Frank, Madesh, Muniswamy, Madl, Tobias, Madrigal-Matute, Julio, Maeda, Akiko, Maejima, Yasuhiro, Magarinos, Marta, Mahavadi, Poornima, Maiani, Emiliano, Maiese, Kenneth, Maiti, Panchanan, Maiuri, Maria Chiara, Majello, Barbara, Major, Michael B., Makareeva, Elena, Malik, Fayaz, Mallilankaraman, Karthik, Malorni, Walter, Maloyan, Alina, Mammadova, Najiba, Man, Gene Chi Wai, Manai, Federico, Mancias, Joseph D., Mandelkow, Eva-Maria, Mandell, Michael A., Manfredi, Angelo A., Manjili, Masoud H., Manjithaya, Ravi, Manque, Patricio, Manshian, Bella B., Manzano, Raquel, Manzoni, Claudia, Mao, Kai, Marchese, Cinzia, Marchetti, Sandrine, Marconi, Anna Maria, Marcucci, Fabrizio, Mardente, Stefania, Mareninova, Olga A., Margeta, Marta, Mari, Muriel, Marinelli, Sara, Marinelli, Oliviero, Mariño, Guillermo, Mariotto, Sofia, Marshall, Richard S., Marten, Mark R., Martens, Sascha, Martin, Alexandre P.J., Martin, Katie R., Martin, Sara, Martin, Shaun, Martín-Segura, Adrián, Martín-Acebes, Miguel A., Martin-Burriel, Inmaculada, Martin-Rincon, Marcos, Martin-Sanz, Paloma, Martina, José A., Martinet, Wim, Martinez, Aitor, Martinez, Ana, Martinez, Jennifer, Martinez Velazquez, Moises, Martinez-Lopez, Nuria, Martinez-Vicente, Marta, Martins, Daniel O., Martins, Joilson O., Martins, Waleska K., Martins-Marques, Tania, Marzetti, Emanuele, Masaldan, Shashank, Masclaux-Daubresse, Celine, Mashek, Douglas G., Massa, Valentina, Massieu, Lourdes, Masson, Glenn R., Masuelli, Laura, Masyuk, Anatoliy I., Masyuk, Tetyana V., Matarrese, Paola, Matheu, Ander, Matoba, Satoaki, Matsuzaki, Sachiko, Mattar, Pamela, Matte, Alessandro, Mattoscio, Domenico, Mauriz, José L., Mauthe, Mario, Mauvezin, Caroline, Maverakis, Emanual, Maycotte, Paola, Mayer, Johanna, Mazzoccoli, Gianluigi, Mazzoni, Cristina, Mazzulli, Joseph R., McCarty, Nami, McDonald, Christine, McGill, Mitchell R., McKenna, Sharon L., McLaughlin, BethAnn, McLoughlin, Fionn, McNiven, Mark A., McWilliams, Thomas G., Mechta-Grigoriou, Fatima, Medeiros, Tania Catarina, Medina, Diego L., Megeney, Lynn A., Megyeri, Klara, Mehrpour, Maryam, Mehta, Jawahar L., Meijer, Alfred J., Meijer, Annemarie H., Mejlvang, Jakob, Meléndez, Alicia, Melk, Annette, Memisoglu, Gonen, Mendes, Alexandrina F., Meng, Delong, Meng, Fei, Meng, Tian, Menna-Barreto, Rubem, Menon, Manoj B., Mercer, Carol, Mercier, Anne E., Mergny, Jean-Louis, Merighi, Adalberto, Merkley, Seth D., Merla, Giuseppe, Meske, Volker, Mestre, Ana Cecilia, Metur, Shree Padma, Meyer, Christian, Meyer, Hemmo, Mi, Wenyi, Mialet-Perez, Jeanne, Miao, Junying, Micale, Lucia, Miki, Yasuo, Milan, Enrico, Milczarek, Małgorzata, Miller, Dana L., Miller, Samuel I., Miller, Silke, Millward, Steven W., Milosevic, Ira, Minina, Elena A., Mirzaei, Hamed, Mirzaei, Hamid Reza, Mirzaei, Mehdi, Mishra, Amit, Mishra, Nandita, Mishra, Paras Kumar, Misirkic Marjanovic, Maja, Misasi, Roberta, Misra, Amit, Misso, Gabriella, Mitchell, Claire, Mitou, Geraldine, Miura, Tetsuji, Miyamoto, Shigeki, Miyazaki, Makoto, Miyazaki, Mitsunori, Miyazaki, Taiga, Miyazawa, Keisuke, Mizushima, Noboru, Mogensen, Trine H., Mograbi, Baharia, Mohammadinejad, Reza, Mohamud, Yasir, Mohanty, Abhishek, Mohapatra, Sipra, Möhlmann, Torsten, Mohmmed, Asif, Moles, Anna, Moley, Kelle H., Molinari, Maurizio, Mollace, Vincenzo, Møller, Andreas Buch, Mollereau, Bertrand, Mollinedo, Faustino, Montagna, Costanza, Monteiro, Mervyn J., Montella, Andrea, Montes, L. 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Patrick, Murthy, Aditya, Myöhänen, Timo T., Mysorekar, Indira U., Mytych, Jennifer, Nabavi, Seyed Mohammad, Nabissi, Massimo, Nagy, Péter, Nah, Jihoon, Nahimana, Aimable, Nakagawa, Ichiro, Nakamura, Ken, Nakatogawa, Hitoshi, Nandi, Shyam S., Nanjundan, Meera, Nanni, Monica, Napolitano, Gennaro, Nardacci, Roberta, Narita, Masashi, Nassif, Melissa, Nathan, Ilana, Natsumeda, Manabu, Naude, Ryno J., Naumann, Christin, Naveiras, Olaia, Navid, Fatemeh, Nawrocki, Steffan T., Nazarko, Taras Y., Nazio, Francesca, Negoita, Florentina, Neill, Thomas, Neisch, Amanda L., Neri, Luca M., Netea, Mihai G., Neubert, Patrick, Neufeld, Thomas P., Neumann, Dietbert, Neutzner, Albert, Newton, Phillip T., Ney, Paul A., Nezis, Ioannis P., Ng, Charlene C.W., Ng, Tzi Bun, Nguyen, Hang T. T., Nguyen, Long T., Ni, Hong-Min, Ní Cheallaigh, Clíona, Ni, Zhenhong, Nicolao, M. Celeste, Nicoli, Francesco, Nieto-Diaz, Manuel, Nilsson, Per, Ning, Shunbin, Niranjan, Rituraj, Nishimune, Hiroshi, Niso-Santano, Mireia, Nixon, Ralph A., Nobili, Annalisa, Nobrega, Clevio, Noda, Takeshi, Nogueira-Recalde, Uxía, Nolan, Trevor M., Nombela, Ivan, Novak, Ivana, Novoa, Beatriz, Nozawa, Takashi, Nukina, Nobuyuki, Nussbaum-Krammer, Carmen, Nylandsted, Jesper, O’Donovan, Tracey R., O’Leary, Seónadh M., O’Rourke, Eyleen J., O’Sullivan, Mary P., O’Sullivan, Timothy E., Oddo, Salvatore, Oehme, Ina, Ogawa, Michinaga, Ogier-Denis, Eric, Ogmundsdottir, Margret H., Ogretmen, Besim, Oh, Goo Taeg, Oh, Seon-Hee, Oh, Young J., Ohama, Takashi, Ohashi, Yohei, Ohmuraya, Masaki, Oikonomou, Vasileios, Ojha, Rani, Okamoto, Koji, Okazawa, Hitoshi, Oku, Masahide, Oliván, Sara, Oliveira, Jorge M. A., Ollmann, Michael, Olzmann, James A., Omari, Shakib, Omary, M. Bishr, Önal, Gizem, Ondrej, Martin, Ong, Sang-Bing, Ong, Sang-Ging, Onnis, Anna, Orellana, Juan A., Orellana-Muñoz, Sara, Ortega-Villaizan, Maria Del Mar, Ortiz-Gonzalez, Xilma R., Ortona, Elena, Osiewacz, Heinz D., Osman, Abdel-Hamid K., Osta, Rosario, Otegui, Marisa S., Otsu, Kinya, Ott, Christiane, Ottobrini, Luisa, Ou, Jing-hsiung James, Outeiro, Tiago F., Oynebraten, Inger, Ozturk, Melek, Pagès, Gilles, Pahari, Susanta, Pajares, Marta, Pajvani, Utpal B., Pal, Rituraj, Paladino, Simona, Pallet, Nicolas, Palmieri, Michela, Palmisano, Giuseppe, Palumbo, Camilla, Pampaloni, Francesco, Pan, Lifeng, Pan, Qingjun, Pan, Wenliang, Pan, Xin, Panasyuk, Ganna, Pandey, Rahul, Pandey, Udai B., Pandya, Vrajesh, Paneni, Francesco, Pang, Shirley Y., Panzarini, Elisa, Papademetrio, Daniela L., Papaleo, Elena, Papinski, Daniel, Papp, Diana, Park, Eun Chan, Park, Hwan Tae, Park, Ji-Man, Park, Jong-In, Park, Joon Tae, Park, Junsoo, Park, Sang Chul, Park, Sang-Youel, Parola, Abraham H., Parys, Jan B., Pasquier, Adrien, Pasquier, Benoit, Passos, João F., Pastore, Nunzia, Patel, Hemal H., Patschan, Daniel, Pattingre, Sophie, Pedraza-Alva, Gustavo, Pedraza-Chaverri, Jose, Pedrozo, Zully, Pei, Gang, Pei, Jianming, Peled-Zehavi, Hadas, Pellegrini, Joaquín M., Pelletier, Joffrey, Peñalva, Miguel A., Peng, Di, Peng, Ying, Penna, Fabio, Pennuto, Maria, Pentimalli, Francesca, Pereira, Cláudia MF, Pereira, Gustavo J.S., Pereira, Lilian C., Pereira de Almeida, Luis, Perera, Nirma D., Pérez-Lara, Ángel, Perez-Oliva, Ana B., Pérez-Pérez, María Esther, Periyasamy, Palsamy, Perl, Andras, Perrotta, Cristiana, Perrotta, Ida, Pestell, Richard G., Petersen, Morten, Petrache, Irina, Petrovski, Goran, Pfirrmann, Thorsten, Pfister, Astrid S., Philips, Jennifer A., Pi, Huifeng, Picca, Anna, Pickrell, Alicia M., Picot, Sandy, Pierantoni, Giovanna M., Pierdominici, Marina, Pierre, Philippe, Pierrefite-Carle, Valérie, Pierzynowska, Karolina, Pietrocola, Federico, Pietruczuk, Miroslawa, Pignata, Claudio, Pimentel-Muiños, Felipe X., Pinar, Mario, Pinheiro, Roberta O., Pinkas-Kramarski, Ronit, Pinton, Paolo, Pircs, Karolina, Piya, Sujan, Pizzo, Paola, Plantinga, Theo S., Platta, Harald W., Plaza-Zabala, Ainhoa, Plomann, Markus, Plotnikov, Egor Y., Plun-Favreau, Helene, Pluta, Ryszard, Pocock, Roger, Pöggeler, Stefanie, Pohl, Christian, Poirot, Marc, Poletti, Angelo, Ponpuak, Marisa, Popelka, Hana, Popova, Blagovesta, Porta, Helena, Porte Alcon, Soledad, Portilla-Fernandez, Eliana, Post, Martin, Potts, Malia B., Poulton, Joanna, Powers, Ted, Prahlad, Veena, Prajsnar, Tomasz K., Praticò, Domenico, Prencipe, Rosaria, Priault, Muriel, Proikas-Cezanne, Tassula, Promponas, Vasilis J., Proud, Christopher G., Puertollano, Rosa, Puglielli, Luigi, Pulinilkunnil, Thomas, Puri, Deepika, Puri, Rajat, Puyal, Julien, Qi, Xiaopeng, Qi, Yongmei, Qian, Wenbin, Qiang, Lei, Qiu, Yu, Quadrilatero, Joe, Quarleri, Jorge, Raben, Nina, Rabinowich, Hannah, Ragona, Debora, Ragusa, Michael J., Rahimi, Nader, Rahmati, Marveh, Raia, Valeria, Raimundo, Nuno, Rajasekaran, Namakkal-Soorappan, Ramachandra Rao, Sriganesh, Rami, Abdelhaq, Ramírez-Pardo, Ignacio, Ramsden, David B., Randow, Felix, Rangarajan, Pundi N., Ranieri, Danilo, Rao, Hai, Rao, Lang, Rao, Rekha, Rathore, Sumit, Ratnayaka, J. Arjuna, Ratovitski, Edward A., Ravanan, Palaniyandi, Ravegnini, Gloria, Ray, Swapan K., Razani, Babak, Rebecca, Vito, Reggiori, Fulvio, Régnier-Vigouroux, Anne, Reichert, Andreas S., Reigada, David, Reiling, Jan H., Rein, Theo, Reipert, Siegfried, Rekha, Rokeya Sultana, Ren, Hongmei, Ren, Jun, Ren, Weichao, Renault, Tristan, Renga, Giorgia, Reue, Karen, Rewitz, Kim, Ribeiro de Andrade Ramos, Bruna, Riazuddin, S. Amer, Ribeiro-Rodrigues, Teresa M., Ricci, Jean-Ehrland, Ricci, Romeo, Riccio, Victoria, Richardson, Des R., Rikihisa, Yasuko, Risbud, Makarand V., Risueño, Ruth M., Ritis, Konstantinos, Rizza, Salvatore, Rizzuto, Rosario, Roberts, Helen C., Roberts, Luke D., Robinson, Katherine J., Roccheri, Maria Carmela, Rocchi, Stephane, Rodney, George G., Rodrigues, Tiago, Rodrigues Silva, Vagner Ramon, Rodriguez, Amaia, Rodriguez-Barrueco, Ruth, Rodriguez-Henche, Nieves, Rodriguez-Rocha, Humberto, Roelofs, Jeroen, Rogers, Robert S., Rogov, Vladimir V., Rojo, Ana I., Rolka, Krzysztof, Romanello, Vanina, Romani, Luigina, Romano, Alessandra, Romano, Patricia S., Romeo-Guitart, David, Romero, Luis C., Romero, Montserrat, Roney, Joseph C., Rongo, Christopher, Roperto, Sante, Rosenfeldt, Mathias T., Rosenstiel, Philip, Rosenwald, Anne G., Roth, Kevin A., Roth, Lynn, Roth, Steven, Rouschop, Kasper M.A., Roussel, Benoit D., Roux, Sophie, Rovere-Querini, Patrizia, Roy, Ajit, Rozieres, Aurore, Ruano, Diego, Rubinsztein, David C., Rubtsova, Maria P., Ruckdeschel, Klaus, Ruckenstuhl, Christoph, Rudolf, Emil, Rudolf, Rüdiger, Ruggieri, Alessandra, Ruparelia, Avnika Ashok, Rusmini, Paola, Russell, Ryan R., Russo, Gian Luigi, Russo, Maria, Russo, Rossella, Ryabaya, Oxana O., Ryan, Kevin M., Ryu, Kwon-Yul, Sabater-Arcis, Maria, Sachdev, Ulka, Sacher, Michael, Sachse, Carsten, Sadhu, Abhishek, Sadoshima, Junichi, Safren, Nathaniel, Saftig, Paul, Sagona, Antonia P., Sahay, Gaurav, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahin, Mustafa, Sahin, Ozgur, Sahni, Sumit, Saito, Nayuta, Saito, Shigeru, Saito, Tsunenori, Sakai, Ryohei, Sakai, Yasuyoshi, Sakamaki, Jun-Ichi, Saksela, Kalle, Salazar, Gloria, Salazar-Degracia, Anna, Salekdeh, Ghasem H., Saluja, Ashok K., Sampaio-Marques, Belém, Sanchez, Maria Cecilia, Sanchez-Alcazar, Jose A., Sanchez-Vera, Victoria, Sancho-Shimizu, Vanessa, Sanderson, J. Thomas, Sandri, Marco, Santaguida, Stefano, Santambrogio, Laura, Santana, Magda M., Santoni, Giorgio, Sanz, Alberto, Sanz, Pascual, Saran, Shweta, Sardiello, Marco, Sargeant, Timothy J., Sarin, Apurva, Sarkar, Chinmoy, Sarkar, Sovan, Sarrias, Maria-Rosa, Sarkar, Surajit, Sarmah, Dipanka Tanu, Sarparanta, Jaakko, Sathyanarayan, Aishwarya, Sathyanarayanan, Ranganayaki, Scaglione, K. Matthew, Scatozza, Francesca, Schaefer, Liliana, Schafer, Zachary T., Schaible, Ulrich E., Schapira, Anthony H.V., Scharl, Michael, Schatzl, Hermann M., Schein, Catherine H., Scheper, Wiep, Scheuring, David, Schiaffino, Maria Vittoria, Schiappacassi, Monica, Schindl, Rainer, Schlattner, Uwe, Schmidt, Oliver, Schmitt, Roland, Schmidt, Stephen D., Schmitz, Ingo, Schmukler, Eran, Schneider, Anja, Schneider, Bianca E., Schober, Romana, Schoijet, Alejandra C., Schott, Micah B., Schramm, Michael, Schröder, Bernd, Schuh, Kai, Schüller, Christoph, Schulze, Ryan J., Schürmanns, Lea, Schwamborn, Jens C., Schwarten, Melanie, Scialo, Filippo, Sciarretta, Sebastiano, Scott, Melanie J., Scotto, Kathleen W., Scovassi, A. Ivana, Scrima, Andrea, Scrivo, Aurora, Sebastian, David, Sebti, Salwa, Sedej, Simon, Segatori, Laura, Segev, Nava, Seglen, Per O., Seiliez, Iban, Seki, Ekihiro, Selleck, Scott B., Sellke, Frank W., Selsby, Joshua T., Sendtner, Michael, Senturk, Serif, Seranova, Elena, Sergi, Consolato, Serra-Moreno, Ruth, Sesaki, Hiromi, Settembre, Carmine, Setty, Subba Rao Gangi, Sgarbi, Gianluca, Sha, Ou, Shacka, John J., Shah, Javeed A., Shang, Dantong, Shao, Changshun, Shao, Feng, Sharbati, Soroush, Sharkey, Lisa M., Sharma, Dipali, Sharma, Gaurav, Sharma, Kulbhushan, Sharma, Pawan, Sharma, Surendra, Shen, Han-Ming, Shen, Hongtao, Shen, Jiangang, Shen, Ming, Shen, Weili, Shen, Zheni, Sheng, Rui, Sheng, Zhi, Sheng, Zu-Hang, Shi, Jianjian, Shi, Xiaobing, Shi, Ying-Hong, Shiba-Fukushima, Kahori, Shieh, Jeng-Jer, Shimada, Yohta, Shimizu, Shigeomi, Shimozawa, Makoto, Shintani, Takahiro, Shoemaker, Christopher J., Shojaei, Shahla, Shoji, Ikuo, Shravage, Bhupendra V., Shridhar, Viji, Shu, Chih-Wen, Shu, Hong-Bing, Shui, Ke, Shukla, Arvind K., Shutt, Timothy E., Sica, Valentina, Siddiqui, Aleem, Sierra, Amanda, Sierra-Torre, Virginia, Signorelli, Santiago, Sil, Payel, Silva, Bruno J. de Andrade, Silva, Johnatas D., Silva-Pavez, Eduardo, Silvente-Poirot, Sandrine, Simmonds, Rachel E., Simon, Anna Katharina, Simon, Hans-Uwe, Simons, Matias, Singh, Anurag, Singh, Lalit P., Singh, Rajat, Singh, Shivendra V., Singh, Shrawan K., Singh, Sudha B., Singh, Sunaina, Singh, Surinder Pal, Sinha, Debasish, Sinha, Rohit Anthony, Sinha, Sangita, Sirko, Agnieszka, Sirohi, Kapil, Sivridis, Efthimios L., Skendros, Panagiotis, Skirycz, Aleksandra, Slaninová, Iva, Smaili, Soraya S., Smertenko, Andrei, Smith, Matthew D., Soenen, Stefaan J., Sohn, Eun Jung, Sok, Sophia P. M., Solaini, Giancarlo, Soldati, Thierry, Soleimanpour, Scott A., Soler, Rosa M., Solovchenko, Alexei, Somarelli, Jason A., Sonawane, Avinash, Song, Fuyong, Song, Hyun Kyu, Song, Ju-Xian, Song, Kunhua, Song, Zhiyin, Soria, Leandro R., Sorice, Maurizio, Soukas, Alexander A., Soukup, Sandra-Fausia, Sousa, Diana, Sousa, Nadia, Spagnuolo, Paul A., Spector, Stephen A., Srinivas Bharath, M. M., St. Clair, Daret, Stagni, Venturina, Staiano, Leopoldo, Stalnecker, Clint A., Stankov, Metodi V., Stathopulos, Peter B., Stefan, Katja, Stefan, Sven Marcel, Stefanis, Leonidas, Steffan, Joan S., Steinkasserer, Alexander, Stenmark, Harald, Sterneckert, Jared, Stevens, Craig, Stoka, Veronika, Storch, Stephan, Stork, Björn, Strappazzon, Flavie, Strohecker, Anne Marie, Stupack, Dwayne G., Su, Huanxing, Su, Ling-Yan, Su, Longxiang, Suarez-Fontes, Ana M., Subauste, Carlos S., Subbian, Selvakumar, Subirada, Paula V., Sudhandiran, Ganapasam, Sue, Carolyn M., Sui, Xinbing, Summers, Corey, Sun, Guangchao, Sun, Jun, Sun, Kang, Sun, Meng-xiang, Sun, Qiming, Sun, Yi, Sun, Zhongjie, Sunahara, Karen K.S., Sundberg, Eva, Susztak, Katalin, Sutovsky, Peter, Suzuki, Hidekazu, Sweeney, Gary, Symons, J. David, Sze, Stephen Cho Wing, Szewczyk, Nathaniel J., Tabęcka-Łonczynska, Anna, Tabolacci, Claudio, Tacke, Frank, Taegtmeyer, Heinrich, Tafani, Marco, Tagaya, Mitsuo, Tai, Haoran, Tait, Stephen W. G., Takahashi, Yoshinori, Takats, Szabolcs, Talwar, Priti, Tam, Chit, Tam, Shing Yau, Tampellini, Davide, Tamura, Atsushi, Tan, Chong Teik, Tan, Eng-King, Tan, Ya-Qin, Tanaka, Masaki, Tanaka, Motomasa, Tang, Daolin, Tang, Jingfeng, Tang, Tie-Shan, Tanida, Isei, Tao, Zhipeng, Taouis, Mohammed, Tatenhorst, Lars, Tavernarakis, Nektarios, Taylor, Allen, Taylor, Gregory A., Taylor, Joan M., Tchetina, Elena, Tee, Andrew R., Tegeder, Irmgard, Teis, David, Teixeira, Natercia, Teixeira-Clerc, Fatima, Tekirdag, Kumsal A., Tencomnao, Tewin, Tenreiro, Sandra, Tepikin, Alexei V., Testillano, Pilar S., Tettamanti, Gianluca, Tharaux, Pierre-Louis, Thedieck, Kathrin, Thekkinghat, Arvind A., Thellung, Stefano, Thinwa, Josephine W., Thirumalaikumar, V.P., Thomas, Sufi Mary, Thomes, Paul G., Thorburn, Andrew, Thukral, Lipi, Thum, Thomas, Thumm, Michael, Tian, Ling, Tichy, Ales, Till, Andreas, Timmerman, Vincent, Titorenko, Vladimir I., Todi, Sokol V., Todorova, Krassimira, Toivonen, Janne M., Tomaipitinca, Luana, Tomar, Dhanendra, Tomas-Zapico, Cristina, Tomić, Sergej, Tong, Benjamin Chun-Kit, Tong, Chao, Tong, Xin, Tooze, Sharon A., Torgersen, Maria L., Torii, Satoru, Torres-López, Liliana, Torriglia, Alicia, Towers, Christina G., Towns, Roberto, Toyokuni, Shinya, Trajkovic, Vladimir, Tramontano, Donatella, Tran, Quynh-Giao, Travassos, Leonardo H., Trelford, Charles B., Tremel, Shirley, Trougakos, Ioannis P., Tsao, Betty P., Tschan, Mario P., Tse, Hung-Fat, Tse, Tak Fu, Tsugawa, Hitoshi, Tsvetkov, Andrey S., Tumbarello, David A., Tumtas, Yasin, Tuñón, María J., Turcotte, Sandra, Turk, Boris, Turk, Vito, Turner, Bradley J., Tuxworth, Richard I., Tyler, Jessica K., Tyutereva, Elena V., Uchiyama, Yasuo, Ugun-Klusek, Aslihan, Uhlig, Holm H., Ułamek-Kozioł, Marzena, Ulasov, Ilya V., Umekawa, Midori, Ungermann, Christian, Unno, Rei, Urbe, Sylvie, Uribe-Carretero, Elisabet, Üstün, Suayib, Uversky, Vladimir N, Vaccari, Thomas, Vaccaro, Maria I., Vahsen, Björn F., Vakifahmetoglu-Norberg, Helin, Valdor, Rut, Valente, Maria J., Valko, Ayelén, Vallee, Richard B., Valverde, Angela M., Van den Berghe, Greet, van der Veen, Stijn, Van Kaer, Luc, van Loosdregt, Jorg, van Wijk, Sjoerd J.L., Vandenberghe, Wim, Vanhorebeek, Ilse, Vannier-Santos, Marcos A., Vannini, Nicola, Vanrell, M. Cristina, Vantaggiato, Chiara, Varano, Gabriele, Varela-Nieto, Isabel, Varga, Máté, Vasconcelos, M. Helena, Vats, Somya, Vavvas, Demetrios G., Vega-Naredo, Ignacio, Vega-Rubin-de-Celis, Silvia, Velasco, Guillermo, Velázquez, Ariadna P., Vellai, Tibor, Vellenga, Edo, Velotti, Francesca, Verdier, Mireille, Verginis, Panayotis, Vergne, Isabelle, Verkade, Paul, Verma, Manish, Verstreken, Patrik, Vervliet, Tim, Vervoorts, Jörg, Vessoni, Alexandre T., Victor, Victor M., Vidal, Michel, Vidoni, Chiara, Vieira, Otilia V., Vierstra, Richard D., Viganó, Sonia, Vihinen, Helena, Vijayan, Vinoy, Vila, Miquel, Vilar, Marçal, Villalba, José M., Villalobo, Antonio, Villarejo-Zori, Beatriz, Villarroya, Francesc, Villarroya, Joan, Vincent, Olivier, Vindis, Cecile, Viret, Christophe, Viscomi, Maria Teresa, Visnjic, Dora, Vitale, Ilio, Vocadlo, David J., Voitsekhovskaja, Olga V., Volonté, Cinzia, Volta, Mattia, Vomero, Marta, Von Haefen, Clarissa, Vooijs, Marc A., Voos, Wolfgang, Vucicevic, Ljubica, Wade-Martins, Richard, Waguri, Satoshi, Waite, Kenrick A., Wakatsuki, Shuji, Walker, David W., Walker, Mark J., Walker, Simon A., Walter, Jochen, Wandosell, Francisco G., Wang, Bo, Wang, Chao-Yung, Wang, Chen, Wang, Chenran, Wang, Chenwei, Wang, Cun-Yu, Wang, Dong, Wang, Fangyang, Wang, Feng, Wang, Fengming, Wang, Guansong, Wang, Han, Wang, Hao, Wang, Hexiang, Wang, Hong-Gang, Wang, Jianrong, Wang, Jigang, Wang, Jiou, Wang, Jundong, Wang, Kui, Wang, Lianrong, Wang, Liming, Wang, Maggie Haitian, Wang, Meiqing, Wang, Nanbu, Wang, Pengwei, Wang, Peipei, Wang, Ping, Wang, Ping, Wang, Qing Jun, Wang, Qing, Wang, Qing Kenneth, Wang, Qiong A., Wang, Wen-Tao, Wang, Wuyang, Wang, Xinnan, Wang, Xuejun, Wang, Yan, Wang, Yanchang, Wang, Yanzhuang, Wang, Yen-Yun, Wang, Yihua, Wang, Yipeng, Wang, Yu, Wang, Yuqi, Wang, Zhe, Wang, Zhenyu, Wang, Zhouguang, Warnes, Gary, Warnsmann, Verena, Watada, Hirotaka, Watanabe, Eizo, Watchon, Maxinne, Wawrzyńska, Anna, Weaver, Timothy E., Wegrzyn, Grzegorz, Wehman, Ann M., Wei, Huafeng, Wei, Lei, Wei, Taotao, Wei, Yongjie, Weiergräber, Oliver H., Weihl, Conrad C., Weindl, Günther, Weiskirchen, Ralf, Wells, Alan, Wen, Runxia H., Wen, Xin, Werner, Antonia, Weykopf, Beatrice, Wheatley, Sally P., Whitton, J. Lindsay, Whitworth, Alexander J., Wiktorska, Katarzyna, Wildenberg, Manon E., Wileman, Tom, Wilkinson, Simon, Willbold, Dieter, Williams, Brett, Williams, Robin S.B., Williams, Roger L., Williamson, Peter R., Wilson, Richard A., Winner, Beate, Winsor, Nathaniel J., Witkin, Steven S., Wodrich, Harald, Woehlbier, Ute, Wollert, Thomas, Wong, Esther, Wong, Jack Ho, Wong, Richard W., Wong, Vincent Kam Wai, Wong, W. Wei-Lynn, Wu, An-Guo, Wu, Chengbiao, Wu, Jian, Wu, Junfang, Wu, Kenneth K., Wu, Min, Wu, Shan-Ying, Wu, Shengzhou, Wu, Shu-Yan, Wu, Shufang, Wu, William K.K., Wu, Xiaohong, Wu, Xiaoqing, Wu, Yao-Wen, Wu, Yihua, Xavier, Ramnik J., Xia, Hongguang, Xia, Lixin, Xia, Zhengyuan, Xiang, Ge, Xiang, Jin, Xiang, Mingliang, Xiang, Wei, Xiao, Bin, Xiao, Guozhi, Xiao, Hengyi, Xiao, Hong-tao, Xiao, Jian, Xiao, Lan, Xiao, Shi, Xiao, Yin, Xie, Baoming, Xie, Chuan-Ming, Xie, Min, Xie, Yuxiang, Xie, Zhiping, Xie, Zhonglin, Xilouri, Maria, Xu, Congfeng, Xu, En, Xu, Haoxing, Xu, Jing, Xu, JinRong, Xu, Liang, Xu, Wen Wen, Xu, Xiulong, Xue, Yu, Yakhine-Diop, Sokhna M.S., Yamaguchi, Masamitsu, Yamaguchi, Osamu, Yamamoto, Ai, Yamashina, Shunhei, Yan, Shengmin, Yan, Shian-Jang, Yan, Zhen, Yanagi, Yasuo, Yang, Chuanbin, Yang, Dun-Sheng, Yang, Huan, Yang, Huang-Tian, Yang, Hui, Yang, Jin-Ming, Yang, Jing, Yang, Jingyu, Yang, Ling, Yang, Liu, Yang, Ming, Yang, Pei-Ming, Yang, Qian, Yang, Seungwon, Yang, Shu, Yang, Shun-Fa, Yang, Wannian, Yang, Wei Yuan, Yang, Xiaoyong, Yang, Xuesong, Yang, Yi, Yang, Ying, Yao, Honghong, Yao, Shenggen, Yao, Xiaoqiang, Yao, Yong-Gang, Yao, Yong-Ming, Yasui, Takahiro, Yazdankhah, Meysam, Yen, Paul M., Yi, Cong, Yin, Xiao-Ming, Yin, Yanhai, Yin, Zhangyuan, Yin, Ziyi, Ying, Meidan, Ying, Zheng, Yip, Calvin K., Yiu, Stephanie Pei Tung, Yoo, Young H., Yoshida, Kiyotsugu, Yoshii, Saori R., Yoshimori, Tamotsu, Yousefi, Bahman, Yu, Boxuan, Yu, Haiyang, Yu, Jun, Yu, Jun, Yu, Li, Yu, Ming-Lung, Yu, Seong-Woon, Yu, Victor C., Yu, W. 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Charlie, Kenchappa, Chandra Shekar, Li, Zuguo, Lin, Yong, Oshima, Shigeru, Rong, Yueguang, Sluimer, Judith C., Stallings, Christina L., and Tong, Chun-Kit
- Abstract
ABSTRACTIn 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fideautophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field.
- Published
- 2021
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6. Prdx1 (peroxiredoxin 1) deficiency reduces cholesterol efflux via impaired macrophage lipophagic flux.
- Author
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Jeong, Se-Jin, Kim, Sinai, Park, Jong-Gil, Jung, In-hyuk, Lee, Mi-Ni, Jeon, Sejin, Kweon, Hyae Yon, Yu, Dae-Yeul, Lee, Sang-Hak, Jang, Yangsoo, Kang, Sang Won, Han, Ki-Hwan, Miller, Yury I., Park, Young Mi, Cheong, Cheolho, Choi, Jae-Hoon, and Oh, Goo Taeg
- Abstract
Oxidative stress activates macroautophagy/autophagy and contributes to atherogenesis via lipophagic flux, a form of lipid removal by autophagy. However, it is not known exactly how endogenous antioxidant enzymes are involved in lipophagic flux. Here, we demonstrate that the antioxidant PRDX1 (peroxiredoxin 1) has a crucial role in the maintenance of lipophagic flux in macrophages. PRDX1 is more highly expressed than other antioxidant enzymes in monocytes and macrophages. We determined that
Prdx1 deficiency induced excessive oxidative stress and impaired maintenance of autophagic flux in macrophages.Prdx1 -deficient macrophages had higher intracellular cholesterol mass and lower cholesterol efflux compared with wild type. This perturbation in cholesterol homeostasis was due to impaired lipophagic cholesterol hydrolysis caused by excessive oxidative stress, resulting in the inhibition of free cholesterol formation and the reduction of NR1H3 (nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 3) activity. Notably, impairment of both lipophagic flux and cholesterol efflux was restored by the 2-Cys PRDX-mimics ebselen and gliotoxin. Consistent with this observation,apoe mice transplanted with bone marrow from−/− prdx1 mice had increased plaque formation compared with−/− apoe−/− apoe BM-transplanted recipients. This study reveals that PRDX1 is crucial to regulating lipophagic flux and maintaining macrophage cholesterol homeostasis against oxidative stress. We suggest that PRDX1-dependent control of oxidative stress may provide a strategy for treating atherosclerosis and autophagy-related human diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]−/− - Published
- 2018
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