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Three new species of jumping plant bugs ( Hemiptera: Psylloidea) are described from Allocasuarina ( Casuarinaceae) from southern and eastern Australia. These are Trioza kentae Taylor sp. nov., T. percyae Taylor sp. nov. and T. tricornuta Taylor sp. nov. The female proctiger of two species, T. kentae Taylor sp. nov. and T. tricornuta Taylor sp. nov., has a three-pronged apex, thought to be a remarkable morphological adaptation to assist with oviposition into the furrows of the branchlets or 'articles' of their host plant. It is postulated that the highly modified processes are used to 'anchor' the female proctiger during oviposition, where the medial prong positions the female ovipositor within a 'furrow' and the lateral processes straddle the 'phyllichnia' of the host plant 'article'. In this way, eggs may be deposited within the furrow, thereby protected from desiccation and predation. In T. percyae Taylor sp. nov., the apex of the female proctiger is without any such structure. These are the first species of Trioza to be described from the Casuarinaceae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tracing the tunnels of wood boring larvae in wood or other plant material is generally a difficult and destructive process. Here we present a novel non-destructive method using an in vivo micro-CT scanner to obtain tomograms of small tunnels. The tunnels were formed by larval xiphydriid woodwasps in the branches of the Tasmanian tree Anodopetalum biglandulosum (Cunoniaceae) and show that, as the larvae develop, the tunnels become progressively larger until pupation occurs just below the surface of the bark. The adult then chews its way through the remaining wood and bark before emerging. This non-destructive method is discussed more broadly in regard to its application for tracing the tunnels of wood boring insects, for detecting insects in grain and other plant material for quarantine purposes, and for tracking the tunnelling behaviour and development of live insects in wood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]